Inotungamirwa, Secondary dzidzo uye zvikoro
Education, siyana, marongerwo uye kushanda lysosomes
Nyaya yedu tinoda kupira mubvunzo kuti chii marongerwo uye mashandiro lysosomes. Tine hwakadzama Kutarira nenyaya akasiyana pamakona, kusanganisira hunhu paumbwe zvivako izvi, mhando dzavo, zvimwe marongerwo uye dzimwe nyaya zhinji.
Tisati takurukura chii chinoumba marongerwo uye mashandiro lysosomes, ndinoda kujekesa mamwe mashoko. All zvipenyu dzakaipoteredza nesu, akaumbwa muronga nezvimedu, masero. Vanogona kuonekwa chete pamaikirosikopu. Asi sero - iri rakazara gadziriro rine zvikamu zviduku, makatumidzwa organelles. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro mumwe wavo.
Lysosome: chii?
Chii marongerwo uye mashandiro lysosomes? Izvi organelle diki hukuru, saka vanogona kuiswa Sedendere chihombe chitsama. Ukuwo, vamwe masero algae maingova 1 kana 2 lysosomes vane kukura vari zvikuru kupfuura dzose (anenge 0.2 microns). Saka, vose lysosomes inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikwata zvitatu:
- chikuru;
- yechipiri;
- masero residual.
Sezvatinokurukura Zvinoonekwa marongerwo uye kushanda lysosomes, anowedzera kubva munyaya zvinova pachena nei tichida mhando izvi uye chii kukosha kwavo muchitokisi basa. Zvakakosha chete kujekesa kuti chikuru lysosomes kuenda yechipiri, asi neizvi muitiro hazvibviri.
Sechivako lysosomes
Ndezvipi lysosomes, marongerwo uye basa? The tafura kuchatibatsira kubata zvinhu mukati organelles. Organelles ane anopfuura 50 yakasiyana mapuroteni makemikari. Lysosome pachayo nokufukidzwa nhete Kamudzira kuti Anopatsanura bioactive mutumwa kubva womukati muchitokisi runyararo. In tafura ratinoparidza anokosha makemikari uye tsanangura mabasa avo.
enzayemu | ukoshi |
esterase | Vaifanira kuputsa doro Eteri. |
Peptide hydrolase | Zvaidikanwa hydrolysis ose yeimwe vane peptide chisungo. boka iri zvinosanganisira mapuroteni, peptides nevamwe zvinhu. |
nuclease | Ichi boka makemikari Inowedzera kuti hydrolysis kuti phosphodiester zvisungo zviri polynucleotide cheni nucleic acids. Saka kuumbwa monkey - uye oligonucleotides. |
glucosidase | Makemikari ose boka iri zvinopa inofanira anotsemura makabhohaidhiretsi. |
hydrolase | Ivo inoshandiswa hydrolysis pamusoro amides. |
Paumbwe lysosomes
Saka tinoziva chii lysosomes, marongerwo uye mashandiro (zvishoma) kuti tiri kurukurei munyaya ino. Isu kare kuti organelles vakakamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu (chikuru, yechipiri uye masero residual). Boka rokutanga achiumbwa kubva Kamudzira pamusoro Golgi midziyo, ivo padanho iri nyore kuvhiringidzwa vacuoles diki. Lysosomes muri organelles batanidza uye anoumba zvakawanda kunzwisisa chivakwa uye hukuru.
Kana chikuru lysosome rinoburitsa chero fuma, ipapo sero rinotanga chirongwa kugaya. Organelle kuti inokwanisa muchinamatira mukomboni kubudikidza makemikari, atova ndezvaiye muchikwata che yechipiri lysosomes. Somugumisiro, zvinhu zvinogona kuumbwa kugaya nekuumbanidzwa masero residual (ndiro danho rechitatu upenyu kutenderera lysosomes).
basa organelles
Taiongorora mhando lysosomes, marongerwo mashandiro (ona tafura) - inyaya yedu inotevera. Takasarudza kushandisa kwazvo zvakajeka uye zvinonzwisisika chimiro, kureva tafura.
shanda | mamiriro |
intracellular kugaya | Lysosomes ane vakawanda makemikari anogona muchinamatira chero yeimwe kubudikidza hydrolysis. Uye intracellular kugaya kunoitika. Zvinhu kupinda lysosomes uye kupatsanurwa kuumba pasi samolecular uremu yeimwe, iyo zvino anoshandisa sero zvidikanwi zvayo pachayo. |
autophagy | Izvi achabvisa zvisingakoshi kana akwegura muchitokisi organelles. Autophagy - nzira dzifambirane muchitokisi organelles. |
autolysis | Mune imwe nzira, izvi zvinogona kunzi kwataisvika nemasero. Kana Kamudzira pamusoro lysosomes masero vanoparadzwa, yokupedzisira anofa. |
mhedziso
Takadzidza, ndedzipi lysosomes. Zvakakurukurwa marongerwo mashandiro (ona tafura) akaratidzwa munyaya. In mhedziso Ndinoda kutaura kuti vari kutyora date organelles zvingatora chirwere. Somuenzaniso, mushonga anozivikanwa nhaka zvirwere, kwakabatana zvaipesana mashandiro ari lysosomes. Ichi boka pathologies zvinosanganisira mucopolysaccharidoses, sfingolipidozy, glikoproteinozy uye vamwe vakawanda.
Similar articles
Trending Now