Encoding rugwaro mashoko ari kombiyuta

Computer - inyanzvi yokutarisira mudziyo nayo wagadzira, kutendeuka, uye kuchengeta ruzivo. Zvisinei, kombiyuta asingashandi nzira unonzwisisika chaizvo kwatiri - hwakajeka, rwezuva uye Numeric mashoko inochengetwa sezvo binary arrays nhamba. Munyaya ino tichakurukura sei yeEncoding chorugwaro mashoko.

Chii kwatiri ndiwo mashoko pakombiyuta - kutevedzana kwezviitiko vatambi. Mumwe chiratidzo chinomirira mumwe akagadzirwa Kwemagandanga Achishandisa Kombiyuta. Under zviratidzo aireva kwete chete okumusoro nyaya tsamba rechiLatin nearufabheti, asiwo dzomutauro mavanga, svomhu zviratidzo, anokosha vatambi, inokosha zviratidzo uye kunyange nzvimbo.

Binary yeEncoding unonyatsoratidza kuti mashoko acho mashoko

Nokutsikirira imwe kiyi pamusoro womukati controller anotumira zvemagetsi Mureza kuti kuchinjwa kuti binary remitemo. Code ari vachiwirirana neumwe chiratidzo, iyo unoratidzwa pamadziro. Kuti pasi muchiLatin arufabheti mune digital pamanyorerwo ASCII Coding yemarudzi hurongwa akasikwa. Zvinoda 1 byte pakunyora rimwe chiratidzo Saka inoumbwa masere-chiratidzo kutevedzana kwezviitiko Kwemagandanga Achishandisa Kombiyuta. The kutsikisa penguva - kubva 00000000 kusvika 11111111, kureva Coding wenyaya mashoko kushandisa ino kunotibatsira kumiririra 256 vatambi. Kazhinji, izvi zvakakwana.

ASCII iri muzvikamu zviviri. Rokutanga 127 vatambi (kubvira 00000000 kusvika 01111111) vane dzakawanda uye dzakananga zviratidzo uye tsamba yacho Chirungu arufabheti. Chikamu chechipiri - the chiwedzerwa (kubvira 10000000 kusvika 11111111) - zvichiitirwa vanomiririra nyika arufabheti, dzinyore chiri rakasiyana rechiLatin.

Encoding chinyorwa ruzivo mune ASCII yakavakirwa panheyo kuwedzera urongwa, kureva, makuru kutevedzana nhamba mabhii, chikuru kukosha kwayo ASCII-romutemo. Figures uye Russian chikamu tafura Makavakwa pamusoro ichocho.

Zvisinei, munyika pane mhando dzakawanda yeEncoding nokuda Cyrillic tsamba. The Zvinonyanyozivikanwa - ndiro Koi-8 (masere ikakuruma yeEncoding kuti rave kushandiswa muna 70s rokutanga ruifitsirovannyh Unix kushanda hurongwa), ISO 8859-5 (kugadzirwa International Standardization Bureau), kuti CP 1251 (Coding zvakawedzerwa mashoko wakashandiswa ano Os Windows), uyewo 2-byte yeEncoding pamusoro Unicode, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kusuma 65.536 vatambi. Akadaro siyana encodings nokuti vakanga yakatanga panguva dzakasiyana, nokuti zvakasiyana anodawo gadziriro uye zvinhu zvakasiyana. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, vanowanzova nezvinetso kana tama rwezuva rimwe svikiro mumwe - kubva mismatch yeEncoding inodzidzisa vachaona iine dzinovhiringidza kwemifananidzo. Ndingaitei kugadzirisa izvi? MuShoko Somuenzaniso, kana gwaro iri rakazaruka, shoko pamusoro nezvinetso chinyorwa vanoratidza uye inopa nzira dzakati kuti transcoding.

Saka, Coding uye kubudiswa zvakawedzerwa mashoko ari kombiyuta yacho ura - kwacho kwakaoma uye nguva yakawanda kurongwa. zviratidzo zvose upi earufabheti muri chete mumwe kutevedzana kwezviitiko digits ose binary ezvinhu, imwe sero - iyi ndiyo imwe byte mashoko.