Evfrosiniya Polotskaya: upenyu, mabasa edzidzo

Evfrosiniya Polotskaya - ndiye Belarusian wokutanga, uye maererano dzimwe nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare, uye Eastern necheSalvic mudzidzisi. Uyezve, tinoziva uye sezvo mukadzi wokutanga kuRussia, kuverengwa pakati vatsvene. Pasinei chokwadi kuti upenyu Euphrosyne dzakawira nguva apo chiKristu yakanga vatova, zviri zvakafanana yakakwirira inokudza sezvo Orthodox uye Catholic Church.

The chikuru zvemashoko vatsvene vanoonekwa kushandura uye transcribing mabhuku, uyewo kuvaka dzemamongi dzavo uye machechi, ndiro chaiye ane nzvimbo dzidzo hugota pakati Polotsk.

The yakakurumbira Princess

Evfrosiniya Polotskaya ... The zita rakanyorwa nemabhii yendarama mumapeji upenyu hwomudzimu kwete chete kuti aripo ari East necheSalvic nyika, asi munhau yose tsika Belarus.

Evfrosiniya Polotskaya - muchindakadzi uye sisita. Asi kupfuura zvose, zviri rinozivikanwa mudzidzisi, uyo akasiya asingakanganwiki ndangariro mumwoyo yevanhu. Between ino nguva uye nguva apo iye aiva akakurumbira vamoyo, zviri anopfuura masere emakore. Uye saka hapana zvinoshamisa pakuti mashoko asina zvakawanda nezvazvo akagara munhoroondo East necheSalvic marudzi. Zvisinei, vanogona kuongorora sei zvikuru polochanke matarenda mukadzi-enlightener, achinongedza ayo European kukosha. mabasa All Euphrosyne, kufanana naye vomunyika rakakurumbira Smolyatich K. uye K. Turowski, pasina mubvunzo, vati kukura mukuru tsika, yaiitwa pakati pamakore iwayo pamusoro Belarusian nyika.

The Life of Saint Princess

Future St. Euphrosyne pamusoro Polotsk akaberekwa muna 1110. Pakutanga, iye akapiwa zita Predslava. Aiva mwanasikana Polotsk muchinda Svyatoslav (mwanakomana Vseslav Muroyi), uye chakaita kuti mukuru-muzukuru Princess Rogneda uye Prince Vladimir. Baba Predslava haana kugamuchira nhaka kubva kuvabereki vavo, uye naizvozvo, pamwe chete nemhuri yake vaigara mudare ake mukoma - Boris Vseslavich.

Bhuku "The Life of Euphrosyne" rakanyorwa mukupera remakore rechi12. munyori Its harizivikanwi. Ungangove, raiva abbot kana mumongi mhenyu yemamongi, yakavambwa ne Princess. Pane matunhu mukana, uye kuti munyori webhuku - mboni pachayo Euphrosyne. Asi kuti zvingaita sezvakadaro, ichi Nhoroondo yksityiskohta anoudza vaverengi nezvoupenyu womukadzi mutsvene.

Zvinosuruvarisa "Upenyu ..." iri kwayo yakabudiswa rokutanga kusvikira nhasi kuzombouya. Chikonzero kuti - hondo uye moto. Zvisinei, tinogona kuverenga bhuku iri matanhatu shanduro uye anenge 150 zvinyorwa. Izvi ndizvo nokusimbisa kukurumbira huru chigadzirwa. Mumwe yakakwana mazita ari Pogodinskaya. Mikoko shure remakore rechi16.

"The Life of St. Euphrosyne pakati Polotsk" ndiyo shongwe chaiye East necheSalvic hagiographic mabhuku remakore rechi12. Text bhuku yakavakirwa pamusoro canons kuti kusiyanisa hagiography. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti basa iri ane pervoobrazets. Vaikwanisa zvakanaka kuva zvinobikwa "The Life of Euphrosyne weArekizandriya." Zvisinei, munyori ari shongwe kuEast necheSalvic mabhuku akaita yake basa nomumwe unhu. Saka, vatsvakurudzi cherechedza nokupenya nhaurirano uye monologues zvikuru Euphrosyne. Kunenge kuti vakanga akatorwa mumabhuku akanyorwa mutsvene wamambo.

The nemamiriro "Upenyu Euphrosyne"

Famous basa pashure isina mhinduro sumo, zvetsika hagiography. Izvi zvinoteverwa huru chikamu. Rinozivisa pamusoro poupenyu musande polochanki chinosimbisa pamukwidzwa wayo womudzimu. Chokupedzisira chebasa - rumbidzo. Pano, mu pasinei hagiographic tsika, hapana nyaya zvishamiso kwakaitika postmortem. Nokuti vaya vasina verenga "Upenyu Euphrosyne," pfupiso bhuku achapiwa pazasi.

Nyota ruzivo

Shanda "The Life of Euphrosyne" rinotiudza kuti kubvira pauduku akaratidza rudo rukuru munyengetero mwoyo uye kuti mabhuku. Predslava dzidzo yavo, maererano nerimwe bhuku, aakapiwa St. Sophia Cathedral uye panorumwe - imba, zvakananga panguva dare yomuchinda (Shanduro iyi anonzi kazhinji).

Vadzidzisi vasikana vakanga chete pakunamata munhu. Vakapa dzidzo yake, pane kushandisa mabhuku hagiographic mabhuku uye Rugwaro. Kubva mashoko vadzidzisi uye nhoroondo dzeupenyu vatsvene vasikana kuwana pfungwa kuti aivapo kumonasitiri mitemo uye tsika. Science rakapiwa kwaari nyore. Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvakanga mberi vezera ayo. Mu "The Life ..." anodaro rudo wake kujairika wedzidzo, kugona kukuru uye kushingaira. In Predslava rakanga kuwana mabhuku. In imba yake yaiva yakakura raibhurari, apo kuwedzera dzechitendero mabhuku musikana vachiverenga itsva pamusoro dzezvakaitwa Alexander Mukuru, kubva muunganidzwa aphorisms uye mashoko, uye zvichingodaro. D. Hakunyanyi zvakazova kufarira mabasa dzinorondedzera zvouMwari kududzirwa musimboti zvakasikwa, uyewo mabhuku pamwe kare .

Mu "The Life kuti ..." uye akataura kuti musikana kubva kare makore rudo kwose dzidzo nomunyengetero kwawakananga. uchenjeri wake "chudilis" kwete chete vabereki. Mukurumbira Predslava vakatengesa kumaguta mazhinji.

Chisarudzo upenyu

Princess pamusoro Polotsk haana chete uchenjeri hwake, asi runako. Zvisinei, kwaive mazano muchato wake, iye akarambwa pasina kumbozengurira. Predslava nokungwaririra akasarudza kusiya upenyu hwenyika dzimwe makore 12. Iri raiva nguva apo vabereki vokutanga vakatanga kufunga zvokuroorana mwanasikana. Girl akatungamirira pfungwa udyire basa netsika neururami uye kukosha kukura pakunamata. Princess akafunga zvokuenda kuti "chikomba naye" - Kristu.

Predslava akaswedera vaigara Polotsk hama, chirikadzi babamunini yayo Roman Vseslavich. Akanga abbess, uye aigona kumubatsira kuti azove munani. Zvisinei Predslava zvinoshamisa runako uye wake mudiki sokuti akwegura Princess zvaisaenderana mhiko. Nyengerera yekare muchindakadzi akabatsira kwakadzika kunzwisisa uye yakakwirira zvitendero vasikana. Abbess akadana mupristi, iye tonsured, achipa Predslava zita Euphrosyne.

yemamongi makore

Vamwe nguva Evfrosiniya Polotskaya akatora kuteerera chikoro raShe. Panguva iyoyowo, iye akagara chete yemamongi, umo akatora chifukidzo. Zvisinei, gare gare akagamuchira chikomborero bhishopu Polotskogo Ilii akaenda kurarama St. Sophia Cathedral. nzvimbo yake yakanga foni - ". golbets ibwe" In Cathedral ichi Euphrosyne kunyanya kukwezvwa kuraibhurari. Pakati mabhuku vaiva mairi, sisita "nomuti nouchenjeri" uye zvikuru kuzvinzwisisa rakabatsira pfungwa zvinoshamisa wamambo.

Makore awa ose, kuti mumongi haana kusiya rudo kudzidza. Uye apo zvinonzi vaidavira kuti dzidzo pakunamata chinokosha rudo uye rudo kuvanhu. Euphrosinia akatanga nyorazve bhuku, kuvhura zvose uchenjeri kushandisa basa ravo rakaoma. Mumakore iwayo, ndizvo chete varume vaiita basa rakaoma. Uye chaizvo chokwadi kuti basa rakadaro akatora mukadzi wechiduku, pacharo aiva feat.

Mamwe mabhuku, kutevedzerwa Euphrosyne, akaenda pasero. Ndakatengesa mari iyi akumbirwa Masisita akapa kuna varombo. Panguva iyoyowo yakakurumbira Princess akatanga kunyora mabhuku avo. Mavari, iye rabva dzidziso uye minamato, uyewo kuita shanduro kubva muLatin uye nechiGiriki. Uyezve, Euphrosyne aiva kukurukura nehama mumweya uye vomunyika dzavo. Mumwe wavo aiva Kirill Turovsky. Panyaya iyi, kuti Reverend haana kuenda kundorwa aivapo tsika dzakare. Iye akatsvaka "jekeso chiedza", chii akaratidzwa uye inonyanya uchenjeri vakadzi.

Kuvhura pachake yokugara

Maererano "Upenyu ...", Eriya - Bhishopi Polotsk - kubva raMwari ngirozi kusimbisa dzakakwirira vazviomesere uye basa Euphrosyne. Panguva iyoyowo wakakwirira simba akataura naye kuti aise sisita panotangira wemamongi. Katatu ane yakafanana shoko ngirozi yakanga uye St. Euphrosyne, uyo akabvuma nomufaro kusarudza Kristu. Nokuti nzvimbo wemamongi chave chichirondedzerwa mukati netsoka kubva Polotsk Selco. Panewo Chechi Muponesi uye yaiva nzvimbo yemakuva pakati mabhishopi.

Yakatarwa kuchinjwa ari Hamlet St. Euphrosyne yakaitwa muSt Sophia Cathedral. Bhishopu akaropafadza Reverend Eriya kuvaka munzvimbo ino chechechi.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri wemamongi

Euphrosyne pamusoro Polotsk akava muvambi Mutsvene Chitarisiko nunnery. yemamongi Izvi zvakazivikanwa kuzivikanwa munyika yose Polotsk. It akavawo sisita nehanzvadzi Euphrosyne.

chikoro vasikana 'yakavhurwa panguva wemamongi. Rakanga rwaiitwa mabasa edzidzo Euphrosyne. Princess, wakapindwa vasikana vaduku, achivadzidzisa muchiimba uye kunyora mabhuku, handicrafts uye vazhinji zvimwe emaoko. Akavachengeta sisita uye kuti musikana vaiziva mutemo waMwari, uye vakanga vaishanda nesimba. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chikoro kunobva pana Holy Kuchinja wemamonk, yava vakabatsira zvikuru nokukurumidza pavapenyu vose wemamongi.

kuvaka temberi

Pakati pezana remakore rechi12 remakore panzvimbo wekereke yematanda Evfrosiniya Polotskaya mimba kuzomisa ibwe. Nokuti kuzadziswa hope akanga asvika mazano kuna John. mumongi ino akanga atova noruzivo pakuvaka temberi. Maererano "The Life ..." basa rose vakaenda asi nokukurumidza. Nechekare pashure temberi vhiki 30 Euphrosyne rakadzikwa. Chakazarurwa 1161. "Upenyu ..." anotaura divas zvakaitika pakupera kuvakwa. Chaiva chokuti pakuvaka kwacho yapera, zvidhina, uye ibwe navavaki havana kuziva sei kuti apedze basa ravo. Asi zuva rakatevera, pashure munyengetero musande, asi muuki akawana zvakarurama zvinhu muchoto.

Temple Euphrosyne hachimboregi katyamadza nevaongorori. Zvakasiyana zvivako zvakawanda panguva kukura kwayo, mukoko nedenga, uyewo kujairika elongation yacho dhiramu. Asinganzwisisiki muenzi sokuti, uye ini mukati nekereke pasinei hombe masvingo, zvinonzi akatakura mbiru paukobvu.

Equipment temberi

Pashure pakuvaka kereke itsva vachishingaira Euphrosyne inopedzwa kushanda kuitira kuti imba yaMwari, pakanga zvose zvakakodzera yokunamata. The sisita Akoka vemifananidzo uyo kupendwa masvingo yebhaibheri zvikamu, umo mifananidzo yavatsvene vakanga kuratidzwa. Amazing ayo runako mifananidzo akaiswa mumakwaya, uyewo muchitokisi yakagadzirirwa Reverend.

Nokuda vakagara yako muchechi akawana Euphrosinia mufananidzo Mhandara (kunoshamisa Hodegetria Efeso). Maererano netsika, zvakanyorwa naRuka ari Evangelist pachake.

atari muchinjikwa

A kanoda muchechi mutsva wakapiwa zvinhu akaita zvakanaka mutengesi Kievan Rus Lazar Bogsha. muchinjikwa uyu Euphrosyne. Akarayira sisita rake inovakirwa kuchechi kwake. Pamuchinjikwa, akatarira kuburikidza chaiwo musi gadzira (1161) uye zita tenzi.

Muchinjikwa Saint Euphrosyne ari-wakananga matanhatu chimiro. Maererano nenyanzvi, sarudzo iyi inomirira primeval chiedza. Nhanhatu miromo muchinjikwa zvinoreva mazuva matanhatu iwayo, panguva iyo Mwari akasika nyika. Decorated Paaidzidzisa yekare zvishongo uri mufananidzo pamusoro nhoroondo yose New Testament uye Church yokutanga. Cross (ona mufananidzo) Euphrosyne aiva nemifananidzo yaKristu uye Musikana, Arhangela Gavriila uye Michael, Vaapostora Pauro naPetro, kuti Euphrosyne kupfuura matsvene, uye Ioanna Predtechi. Vashongedze ichi kare chinokosha chinhu simbi dzinokosha uye nematombo.

Asi zvisaririra zvikuru kukosha dzakabatanidzwa tudonhwe zvisaririra tsvene. Saka, muna okumusoro crosshairs nechemberi kurutivi muchinjikwa akaisa ropa raKristu. Zvishoma pazasi - the "Tree of Life-Giving." In okumusoro crosshairs pamusoro neizvi divi aiva ibwe wakatorwa kubva Holly Mhandara, uye akaiswa pasi PARTICIPLE Tomb.

Zvinosuruvarisa, munguva yehondo pamwe Nazi Germany, temberi yakanga akanyangarika. Cross ichi, uyewo chazezesa Amber Room, runoonekwa chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mabasa ounyanzvi, kutsvaka richiri kuenda mberi. Nhasi kuSt Euphrosyne pakati Polotsk wemamongi ndiyo chaiyo kopi kakasaririra, iyo akaita muna 1997, Brest mutengesi-enameller N. P. Kuzmichem.

friary

Evfrosiniya Polotskaya anonzi muvambi kwete chete vakadzi yemamongi. Church of St - yemamongi uye panguva yakavakwa hurongwa naye. Mhandara.

Zvadaro, vaviri vakava yokugara hugota pakati Polotsk dzidzo izvi nzvimbo. In akazaruka muzvikoro avo, majaya vanhu vakadzidza kunyora uye kuverenga. Pano, raibhurari uye mumawekishopu achinyora mabhuku, uyewo kuita icon-painting uye zvishongo basa. St Evfrosiniya Polotskaya pacharo zvakasikwa uye yakanyorwa minyengetero uye mharidzo. Asi kuwedzera mabasa edzidzo ayo sisita akanga zvizivikanwe vaairarama sezvo sovetchitsa, rugare uye akanaka mutongi.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Kuva pakukwegura, Euphrosyne akasarudza kuenda kunonamata kuJerusarema dzvene. Ikoko, iye, wakati aneta pashure rurefu, arwara ndokufa nokukurumidza pashure. Polotsk muchindakadzi akavigwa pedyo neJerusarema, kumonasitiri St. Theodosius. Muna 1187 nayo vakabata reburial ari mutsvene. marangwanda varo vakanga zvifambiswe kubako Feodos'ev Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Chete muna 1910, zvisaririra tsvene vakaendeswa Polotsk.