Genre Old Russian mabhuku

mabhuku Old Russian zvinobva nguva Kievan Rus. Kwemazana emakore sere nayo aenda kuburikidza wandei zvokukura kukura. Chokutanga - ndiye chidzoke uye maruva mabhuku ose Kievan Rus. Nyaya iri nhandare pamusoro ari mungano yacho Slavs, iyo yemabviro vanhu uye kudzidza (pashure pakatanga chiKristu) mabhuku Zvakaitika Byzantium uye Bulgaria.

Zvino isu tine zviviri Zvivako mabhuku Old Russian: chokutanga uye rakashandurwa. With kuitwa chiKristu, kuvakwa temberi uye kuunzwa dzidzo yechikoro yakawedzera kudiwa mabhuku yechiKristu chechi, munamato mabhuku. Izvi kwakaguma mabhuku mvumo Church (Paterik, upenyu, mabhuku zvebhaibheri etc.). Mabhuku akasvika Russia achinyanya kubva Byzantium. It kutorwa munzvimbo yokutanga kuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti hunoshanda zvinodiwa nechitendero hutsva hwechiKristu. Anoshanda kwete chete kunyatsoongorora vakachengetedzwa uye kukopwa uye kuti ndiyo zvavo mabhuku basa rokuvandudza itsva socio-nhoroondo uye tsika chikonzero.

D. Likhachev akataura kuti Byzantium akatama kure Genres zvose mabhuku Old Russian. Vamwe havana Aitondiitira pavhu wedu, uye vamwe zvikasikwa patsva, oga. Izvi imhaka dzakasiyana zvokukura pave Byzantine munzanga uye Old. Izvi zvinoshandawo, Somuenzaniso, mabasa nhetembo, prose, uye vakanga kushandurwa conceptualized munzira itsva. Zvakaitika wokutanga Bulgarian vadetembi havana kuti kuenderera kuRussia. Ndizvo zvazvakaita zvirevo. In Byzantium, vakatanga kuungana muzana remakore rechi12, uye dzakaunganidzwa zvirevo Russian vakatanga chete muzana remakore rechi17. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti hazvibviri kuti tote Genres mabhuku Old Russian kune Byzantine Genre hurongwa. Pakutanga vakanga mumatanho akasiyana.

Huru Genres mabhuku yekare akapa yenhau, "dzidziso" hagiographic mabasa (menology) mumiririri-munyaya dzetsika prose.

Vazhinji vavo vakanga vari kudiwa pabasa. Achishingaira kushandiswa eBhaibheri, rakashandurwa nemasayendisiti-vadzidzisi Cyril naMethodius vavo vadzidzi pamwe mutauro wechiGiriki. Vamwe Genres mabhuku Old Russian aida rwakaoma yemamongi upenyu. chengetedzo Its rave kunyange vega kuverenga, kwamakadarika kwave mhando dzakawanda kushevedzera, Upenyu.

Sezvinoita vamwe Genres zvakagadzira chigadzirwa itsva (somuenzaniso, upenyu hutsva zvishoma akasimuka maererano canonization zvavatsvene). Vamwe chete vamwe chikuva mishonga, uye kuunzwa vatsva haabvumirwi (the Gospel, Mapisarema, mutsamba kwevaApostora). Asi pasinei ichi, uye ivo vose vakaramba zvavo rongeka zvinhu.

Zvishoma akasungwa tsika dzakanga vanonzi 'enyika' Genres mabhuku Old Russian. Zvisinei, havana okunyika kugutsikana uye chinangwa kuverenga munyika. Havana akasungirirwa kunamata (kunyange aiva dingindira chechi), kuti dzakananga nguva muupenyu hwomunhu inogona kuverenga chero nguva, saka havana kuva inoomesera kwokunze zviratidzo. Genres izvi, zvakare, vakabva kuBulgaria uye Byzantium, zvinosanganisira nhoroondo mabasa ( "The zvakaedza kweJerusarema," Iosifa Flaviya, "Devgenievo chiito"), yaMakoronike uye Apokirifa. Ekupedzisira havana vatsvene nekereke uye akanyora musoro Old uye New Testament, izvo vaisanganisa uye yakanatswa Bhaibheri. Inonyanya kufarirwa magamba ose Apokirifa vaiva vaapostora Petro naPauro, Eria naMozisi; Rimwe pachena mienzaniso basa rakadaro - "Walking Virgin kuburikidza kuGehena."

Kubvira muzana remakore rechi12, mabhuku Old Russian akatotanga asvika pamwero okukura kuti kwete chete haasi akamira, asi nemarererwo kukura tsika Balkan nyika.