Gerhard Richter - zvikuru kudhura European Artist yokurarama

Iye anonzi anokosha zvikuru, yakakurumbira zvikuru mhenyu Artist. Mari kutengeswa nomutengo Auktionen mabasa akapfuura kuti hafu bhiriyoni emadhora. Record mutengo imwe chinhu chakagadzwa February 2015 tiivistelmä sezvamunoita, nokuti iyo yave yakabhadhara inenge $ 44, 5 miriyoni.

Gerhard Richter, kunyange akwegura, anoda toga uye aishingaira anoramba kushanda kwake Studio pedyo Cologne. Mumwe mutsva kwemasimba mabasa ake Zvinoshamisa utsva okugadzira zvinhu uye kuva chakajeka chakaitika mifananidzo muupenyu Europe uye nyika.

Germany, East Germany, West Germany

Akaberekerwa muna 1932 muna kuDresden. Baba - Horst Richter - aiva mudzidzisi wechikoro, asi mukuru simba pamusoro pokumuka Gerhard womudzimu aiva amai - Hildegard. Iye kunotsigirwa mwanakomana wake precocious kufarira unyanzvi.

Muna 1951, Gerhard Richter anopinda Hochschule für Bildende Künste - Higher School of Arts Akanaka kuDresden, apo akagamuchira yakasimba zvedzidzo background. upenyu Artistic muEast Germany, umo Gerhard akazviratidza panzvimbo yokuzvarwa, rakaramba pfungwa zvikuru. Nguva kwokutanga yekosi kudzidziswa muduku Artist rakaitirwa panguva apo mugovanisi realism akava mukuru uri manyorerwo, uye pakurwisa zvetsika uye abstractionism uye zvachose akasiyana.

Muna 1958, Richter akashanyira guta Kassel (West Germany), kuti kwemasimba wepanguva unyanzvi, inonzi "Document." Yakanga yakagadzirirwa kukurira nhaka reNazi Ndimi - chains-garde uye akatambudzwa munguva Nazism. Paintings, hunotaurwa zvikuru chains-garde pfungwa - Jason Pollock, Jean Fotre, Lucio Fontana, uye nevamwe - kuti revolutionized kufunga Richter. Chido rusununguko okugadzira zvinhu hwamuita kuti chisarudzo kutama, kunyange zvazvo nguva dzose aiona pachake apolitical Artists. Muna 1961, Gerhard Richter akava mupoteri enyika uye riri muGermany.

nguva kuedza

Muna 1961, Richter, kunyange kudzidza kosi panguva kuDresden High School, akava mudzidzi zvakare. Akapinda Academy of Art Düsseldorf. The bhezari, paanosvika ikoko iyo, razova chinhu chinokosha kushandisa Expat upenyu. Hwake panguva iyi - kuwana nzira yako mu unyanzvi nguva uye kugara kwacho. Akaedza ruoko rwake zvinenge zvose okukurukura kupenda ano - kubva Abstract expressionism kuti mifananidzo inokukurudzira unyanzvi.

Gerhard pakati hama dzavo navo, kusanganisira Sigmar Polke, Konrad Fischer. Muna 1963, muna imwe chinhu zvitoro pakati Düsseldorf akazarura inoratidzirwa yavo vadyi umo Pop artovskoy nziyo dziri kuzadzikiswa kurarama zvesimba zvivezwa, firimu fungidziro uye zvichingodaro. D. ake okusika werudzii Richter uye shamwari dzake Zvinoshamisa kunzi capitalist realism.

Most basa rake panguva Gerhard Rihter vaiona sezvisinganyanyi kukosha uye kuparadzwa. Asi kuti kana akazviratidza mifananidzo rokutanga dzinobva mapikicha-chena dema-uye ndiro pasi chaizvo mufananidzo blurring hunhu, iyo yava bhizimisi kadhi muuki.

Muna 1964, pashure pokupedza kudzidza kubva Academy, inotanga yakazvimirira womufananidzo.

The nzira kuti kuzivikanwa

Muna 1967, Richter basa Kunstpreis nuori westen - Prize Uratidze zvikuru unyanzvi vechiduku vemifananidzo kuGermany, uye muna 1971 mabasa ake akanga abvisa pasi netende pamusoro yakakurumbira Venice Biennale. Muna 1973, yokutanga Solo kwemasimba the artist muUnited States.

Kubvira ipapo, mifananidzo yake kuonekwa munzvimbo dzakawanda nomukurumbira pachena uye pasiri kuunganidza. Kuwedzera setsikawo zvinoyevedza chakanakira mabasa ake, penyanzvi uye vateereri akaona pamwero kutsvakurudza uye kwacho musiki. Richter pfungwa afuridzire vemifananidzo munyika, kuva nemhaka kuitika itsva munezvimwe unyanzvi.

nematambudziko kupatsanura

"In unyanzvi hwangu hapana hurongwa, hapana chete manyorerwo, hapana mukuru mirayiridzo", - paanoda kudzokorora Gerhard Richter. Mifananidzo yake siyana mune Genres uye dzinotaura. Uyewo mabasa akasikwa ari mhesano emifananidzo nemapikicha, tenzi pave mavara multi-chinangwa sezvamunoita akaberekwa Via scrapers, brushes uye squeegee - paupamhi spatula, kuparadzira musanganiswa pamusoro mavara ndege huru.

Vaizivikanwa monochrome ake (ndachena) minimalist mifananidzo uye wokufananidzira uye dzisiri yokufananidzira, hyperrealistic Portraits nzizi, uye achiri lifes chinoshamisa Style fotozhivopisi - "makenduru" izvi, vakasikwa mangwanani 1980s, uye zvakawanda. Aiitawo vavakezve nomukurumbira yakasvibiswa-magirazi mahwindo mukati Cathedral pakati Cologne. On zvikuru ichangopfuura nguva rinoratidza kuvapo uye chivezwa - unorema Kuronga yaiva pasi chakasiyana kona girazi mifananidzo.

Richter muna XXI remakore

In zvachose pane vanenge zviuru zvitatu pamatende. Pasinei kutambura sitiroko Richter, pagore ikaramba anenge mazana maviri itsva mifananidzo yake.

mugumisiro wake unyare uye nokuvhiringidzika ndidzo mutengo panguva iyo kutengwa okisheni basa rake. Iye evinces mubvunzo kupembedza avo nokutaura kuti nhasi anochinja chaizvo zvinorehwa art. Saka mugove chokwadi muna kuongororwa yake basa yakaisvonaka uri upenyu ano kuwedzera. Pasinei neizvi, iye azere nesimba uye chido kushanda uye pakusika.