Mugovanisi realism

Socialist realism chinhu okusika nzira yakashandiswa unyanzvi uye mabhuku. Nzira iyi nezvenzvimbo aesthetic kutaura imwe pfungwa. Pfungwa iyi yave chokuita nguva kutamburira kuvaka mugovanisi muvanhu.

Nzira iyi okusika kwainzi huru zvinoyevedza dzaizotungamirira USSR. Realism muRussia akazivisa mufananidzo chaicho wechokwadi nechekumashure kwake echimurenga kukura.

Muvambi nzira mumabhuku vaiona Gorky. Ndiye muna 1934, mugovanisi realism kurondedzerwa panguva First Congress of Soviet Writers sezvo muchimiro gwara nokuvapo chiito zvisikwa uye vane chinangwa chiri kuramba kukura zvikuru zvinokosha munhu unyanzvi kuti ave nechokwadi kukunda kwake pamusoro masimba kuti hurefu kwevanhu uye utano.

Realism, uzivi iyo zvinoratidzwa mabhuku Soviet, yakavakwa maererano nheyo pfungwa. Maererano pfungwa, vemifananidzo vaifanira kutevera categorical chirongwa. Socialist realism kwaibva mbiri reSoviet ezvinhu basa nechido uye echimurenga kunetsana kwevanhu uye vatungamiriri.

Nzira iyi okusika zvinoda nemagariro inofananidza nechimwe hwemashiripiti zvose. Izvi akaisa basa mune zvakanaka hwakaoma framework.

Zvisinei, vamwe vaimbi of USSR wakasika yakasiyana uye zvinonakidza nemabasa, tinazvo nokudenga ukoshi. Zvakatonyorwa chete achangobva kuzivikanwa nemhaka vanoverengeka mugovanisi realists vemifananidzo (Plastov Somuenzaniso, akanyora pachimiro upenyu hwokumaruwa).

Mabhuku iyi ndiyo Kunoshandiswa bato dzidziso. The chaizvo chete munyori sechinhu "mainjiniya emweya yevanhu." Achibatsirwa tarenda rake aifanira kuva nezvahunoita muverengi, kuva propagator pfungwa. The chikuru basa kumunyori aiva muverengi dzidzo iri Mweya Party uye kuhuchengetedza pamwe kutamburira pakuvaka communism. Kuzviitira zvinangwa nezviito evanhu unhu mabasa ose mugovanisi realism vakauya aenderane nechinangwa munhau.

Nechepakati chero basa chete akanaka gamba aiva nechokwadi kumira. Zviri dzakanakira dzechiKomonisiti, muenzaniso rose mugovanisi muvanhu. Mukuwedzera, gamba munhu mberi, aiva mweni vanhu mubvunzo.

Achiti iwe unofanira vanhu, kuti ndicho manzwiro uye pfungwa vakawanda anorayira ane unyanzvi nyaya inofanira kuvakirwa, Lenin akanyatsojekesa kuti mabhuku inofanira bato. Lenin aidavira kuti ichi kutungamirirwa uri - ane chinhu nevakariri chikonzero, chikamu mashandiro kukuru.

Gorky aidzidzisa kuti huru basa mugovanisi realism iri dzidzo echimurenga maonero zviri kuitika maererano maonero enyika.

Kuti nechokwadi kunyatsotevedza nzira rakasikwa mifananidzo kunyora prose uye nhetembo, uye saka zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti mupfavise nokufumura capitalist mhosva. Uyezve, mumwe chigadzirwa kwave vakarumbidza gutsaruzhinji, vaoni uye vaverengi kutuswa kune echimurenga hondo.

munzanga realism nzira zvakakwana akafukidzwa munzvimbo dzose oumhizha architecture, mumhanzi, chivezwa uye kupenda, mabhaisikopo uye mabhuku, mutambo. Nzira iri kwakauraya wandei zvinotaurwa.

The musimboti wekutanga - nyika - wakaratidzwa ndechokuti vatambi nemabasa vaifanira kuva nechokwadi kubva kuvanhu. Chokutanga, hazvina vashandi uye vanhuwo zvavo.

Mabasa anofanira ane rondedzero umhare mabasa echimurenga kutamburira, kuvaka remangwana rakajeka.

Chimwe musimboti ndiyo kongiri. It runoratidzwa yokuti chokwadi inofanira chenhau kukura zvinoenderana nedzidziso pfuma.