Granite (dombo): maitiro uye zvivako. girenayiti deposits

With Latin "girenayiti" rinoshandurwa kuti "zviyo". Zviri grained dombo guru kuputika, iyo yakaumbwa muna nedanho zvishoma nezvishoma. kutonhora uye solidification kuti magma ari kudzika yakakwana. Uyezve, ayo mavambo dzimwe metamorphism, mune mamwe mazwi, kana granitisation yakasiyana dzinoita. Kakawanda ndiye arrays pamusoro girenayiti magmatic, metamorphic uye yakavhenganiswa mavambo. Granite - dombo, rakajairika panyika nechepasi.

Vakapiwa zvachiri, tinogona kutaura kuti chinhu yakasimba chaizvo zvinhu, mauri kuvakwa zvakajairika chaizvo. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvechadenga rudzi anoonekwa kuti simba raro pakakwirira.

unhu

1. Simba. Granite - dombo, inova yakasiyana nemishonga kuti abrasion, compression uye kukweshera. Izvi ibwe gobvu chaizvo (simba raro compressive pamusoro 90-250 MPa).
2. Mukurumari. Fine-grained girenayiti kutanga kuratidza zviratidzo kukundikana okutanga pashure pemakore 500, saizvozvo anonziwo ibwe "nokusingaperi".
3. Kupikiswa acids uye mhepo yakapoteredza mananara. Granite - zviri ibwe yakanakisisa panze kushongedzwa dzimba.
4. Zvakatipoteredza noushamwari. Natural radioactivity pamwero mukuru kwazvo granites anoenderana kirasi yokutanga. Nemamwe mashoko, ivo Radiation Safety, uye saka yakakodzera nokuti mifananidzo yose kuvakwa.
5. Water nemishonga. Izvi zvakare chikuru chinokosha girenayiti. Mwando izvozvo anenge asingadi kupinza. Ndokusaka ibwe yakakodzera cladding zvivako, embankments uye zvichingodaro.
6. Kupfuma kwakaita textures. Unpolished ine dombo absorbs chiedza uye kukwenenzverwa chipenye chinoshamisa, achiratidza nyika chiedza mutambo inclusions waMika - Decorative yaibvira chicherwa ichi anokwanisa kushandura kwazvo kugadzira pfungwa.
7. A rakakura ruvara palette. The inonyanya chicherwa anoonekwa kuti kuchena, asi vakaonawo dzvuku girenayiti, orenji, pink, rinokwanisa kucheneruka-mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema-pfumbu.
8. Kugarisana nevamwe zvinhu. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa pamwe simbi, matanda, Ceramics uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mazuva ano kuvaka indasitiri. Iye anogona "vakwane" kupinda ose mukati - kubva Ultra-ano kune chaiwo.

Granites saizi tsanga akakamurwa:

• yakanaka-grained;
• medium-;
• zvinonyadzisa.

Kana tikafunga ibwe yakaisvonaka, iyo girenayiti cho ichi mhando zvichava zvakasiyana chaizvo kubva zororo. boka iri inoshora zvokuimba kushushikana nani zvikuru. In oparesheni, iye Akapfeka zvakawanda noruvara kana neshungu zvishoma kutsemuka husingakwanisi weathering.

boka iri ndicho zvinodhura uye yepamusoro. Anokudzwa nemishonga kuparadzwa, mvura kuzvidzivirira uye yakakwirira simba. Zvinonyadzisa mimwe vanoonekwa ne kukwana moto nemishonga. Kana neshungu pamusoro 600˚S vanotanga kutsemuka uye kuwedzera vhoriyamu. Ndokusaka dzimwe nguva mumisha mushure moto kazhinji kuonekwa wakatsemuka girenayiti masitepisi uye matanho.

Pasinei rakaisvonaka arambe achirema uye simba, ibwe iri nyore kupatsanurwa: yakakweshwa, yakabwinyiswa uye akavezwa. Rine kwazvo chafariz conductivity, nokuti chii inowanzonzi kushandisirwa Heaters.

Chokwadi, pamusoro unhu kuonekwa zvakanakira iyi zvinhu. Asi girenayiti ibwe ane zvainovhiringidzawo ayo. Huru chinetso anonzi kwayo inorema uremu nemhaka iyo ndiye mumwe toughest chose zvinhu,. mamirire ichi zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo paaisika rokuvaka.

Structural uye Chemical Kuronga

Granite - dombo, ine granular sekristaro mamiriro. Vafumiswa alkalis, akapfuma silica, asi simbi, magnesium uye calcium yakawanda ine vashoma.

The Zvinoumba zvicherwa kwayo kunoreva ukoshi:

• feldspars - 60-65%;
• Goldstone - 25-30%;
• rima-mavara zvicherwa - 5-10%.

Ruvara padombo pakutanga kunoenderana pemhando feldspar aripo murwiyo. Kakawanda, ayo ruvara musoro noruvara siyana tsvuku, pink, kuchena, zvitema, orenji, dzimwe nguva rinokwanisa kucheneruka-rwegirini.

Mukuwedzera, paumbwe rima-mavara Hue kwakakanganisa zvinoriumba. zvinhu izvi nedombo kazhinji vanopa rima ruvara, kazhinji zvakasvibirira. Muenzaniso ndiye yantsevsky girenayiti.

Asi Goldstone kazhinji Hauoneki, saka, pamusoro pemhando ruvara haina kukanganiswa. Muchiitiko chino, unogona dzimwe nguva kuwana chicherwa Goldstone dema, zvinenge - purplish-blue. Very zvisingawanzoitiki zvicherwa vanoonekwa kuti yebhuruu Goldstone. Most Sora unhu - muchidimbu chiedza pfumbu mazano ane rwebhuruu tint. Uyezve, kudiwa zviri zvitema-girini chaizvo uye tsvuku girenayiti.

chitarisiko

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, munhu chicherwa chainyanya kushandiswa kuvaka. iri nyore Izvi zvinotsanangurwa. Granite - sedimentary dombo, riri zvakakwana yakabwinyiswa. The vakawana girazi pose apo kuramba nguva refu panyaya kushandisa mashoko ari rwokunze.

Uyewo ibwe iri nyore kushanda, nyore kuwana zvakasiyana siyana. Relief Texture of girenayiti pemvura anosimbisa akakura building, anopa inofadza decoration mugumisiro chiedza uye mumvuri mutambo.

Zvisinei, dzimwe mhando decoration ibwe unaku inotengwa chete pashure kupisa kurapwa. Izvi zvinoshandawo kunyanya kune chiedza pfumbu noruvara dziri pashure kurapwa zvinenge shuga-chena.

dhipoziti

The chikuru chimiro chiitiko vanoonekwa batholiths. Dzinomirira guru siyana hectares anoverengeka. Kakawanda, rudzi riri muchimiro mumatanda, dikes nevamwe intrusive miviri. Dzimwe nguva chicherwa siyana mitumbi wandei tabular rakatumbuka pamwe sedimentary uye metamorphic matombo.

Kana isu kutaura girenayiti deposits, yokupedzisira akawanikwa ari nechimwe makondinendi. Zvikurukuru, totaura pamusoro munzvimbo idzi, izvo zvakanga yakaumbwa pamatombo yekare, apo, kukonzerwa uye denudation pezvakaitwa chakaitika kuparadzwa overburden.

Mune US, mhando iyi inowanikwa kuchamhembe kwenyika, achitevedza Atlantic pamhenderekedzo, ari pamakomo Black Hills uye moyo Ozark Plateau. Dombo iri mined kuGeorgia, Wisconsin, South Dakota uye Vermont.

Uyewo zviri kwakakurumbira munyika yedu. Mugore post-kushanda anenge 200 deposits. Remasangano kwavari: Mokryanskoe, Malokohnovskoe, Mikashevichi.

On muganhu Russia girenayiti ndicho muna Karelian-Kola mudunhu Eastern Siberia, muna Urals, kuFar East uye Caucasus. Nhasi kune minda vanenge makumi mashanu, umo chidimbu iri zvikaramba chicherwa. Granite marara uye mabhodhoro mined muna Lake Ladoga, Onega, Arkhangelsk uye Voronezh kumatunhu, pamusoro Karelian Isthmus, muna kuChelyabinsk Sverdlovsk kumatunhu, kuti Khabarovsk Krai uye Primorye, kuEast Transbaikalia. Excellent decoration maitiro akasiyana rapakivi mined kuchamhembe-kumadokero kwenyika, mukuwedzera, vanokosheswa uye amazanitovye siyana mhiri Baikal uye Ilmen makomo. Yakatarwa cheminda haashandi dzose nguva, zvikurukuru pamusoro mavhu uye marara. Mavari, sezvo zvaida, kusvina inoperera girenayiti, izvo zvakagadzirwa ukanyatsotarisisa.

Kune mhando dzakawanda girenayiti, ivo ichakurukurwa munyaya pazasi.

Gabbro-diabase

twi gomo girenayiti yunifomu ruvara ichi dema, pamwe specks diki vachena. Excellent rinoungana, uye ipapo anopa kupisa yose gobvu neshungu zvakaenzana, wakarebesa mhando havazotadzi unhu pakuonekwa uye hwokudhirowa zvivako.

ibwe iri kuonekwa zvokuvakisa 1st kirasi. Haadi emit chero netsvina zvinokuvadza, hazvisi radioactive. Panyaya iyi, iyo Karelian gabbro-diabase - dzakasiyana dombo inotungamirwa, usina analogues mune dzimwe nharaunda venyika yedu.

The chicherwa rinoshandiswa kuti kugadzirwa mugwagwa chinogumbura ibwe (chinogumbura waMosesi, tichigadzira zvinogumbura, curbs), nokuti zvaAtemisi mukati zvinhu uye siyana tsika zvigadzirwa, zvakarurama michini, nokuti nzvimbo magadzirirwo ari pasi ibwe rokuvaka. Rakanakira mukati kushongedzwa uye France kwezvivako, pane chikamu pamusoro mavhu uye nehombodo yaishandiswa Heaters mune saunas uye dzimba dzokugezera.

Munyika yose, mune 3 nzvimbo mikuru chinogumbura ibwe dzokubudisa:

• Ukrainian gabbro-diabase, izvo sevakaderera Karelian, asi isingadhuri kubudikidza vanenge hafu. Iye parizvino chine vazhinji simbi tsvina, izvo zvinokanganisa nokunaka rakapera zvigadzirwa, kana ichi kureva ibwe mufananidzo nokukurumidza rinosvava.
• Australian gabbro-diabase, Karelian zvakafanana quality, kunyange zvakanga zvikuru anodhura.
• Gabbro, diabase Karelian iro rine dema ruvara, pasi abrasion, yakakwirira decoration ehupfumi, mukurumari, kutonhora nemishonga, refu anoramba kuswedera kukonzerwa payo.

Zvichienderana pakuenzanisa yepamusoro uye mutengo, pamusoro Karelian gabbro-diabase kazhinji yepamusoro kudiwa. Saka gore negore zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera. The kukurumbira wokushandiswa Karelian chicherwa nokuda kwayo mukurumari uye simba. ibwe Izvi zvinenge haana kubatwa pakufurira kwezvakatipoteredza. Zviri yakareba anoramba ehupfumi yemabhura, uye zviratidzo kufoira rokutanga chaizvo kuonekwa makore chete pashure ane zana.

"Shanxi Black" (Chinese girenayiti)

Chinese girenayiti - dombo dema, izvo vaiona mumwe chakanakisisa munyika. Iye yakabereka kuchamhembe China, muna Shanxi province. Its nani chikuru - munhu mupfumi uye zvakadzama vatema vane shoma inclusions. Rinoshandiswa kuti pamadziro, mukati kushongedzwa, kugadzirwa zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinangwa, zvivako uye sezvivako.

Shoksha

Izvi tsvuku girenayiti, mutengo chiri nyore chaizvo - vanenge 10 000 rubles / t mined muRepublic of yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia .. It kunoratidzwa yakakwirira nesimba uye mukurumari. Nyanzvi vanoti zvigadzirwa akaita kuti anopfuura 600 nemakore, angarega kurasikirwa chimiro chayo. Iye yakashongedzwa mausoleums, nhare uye sezvivako. Zvinyorwa akavezera asian musi Shoksha achisiyanisa ngaaone.

"Kapustinsky" girenayiti

Izvi asiri yunifomu vakasindimara, akasimuka mutsvuku, inopenya, hombe, vysokodekorativny girenayiti, iyo akaongororazve kutaura incredible runako rwayo. Field mashandisiro akakodzera kuti kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvaro, uyewo mamwe mapurani zvivako, nemamwe masangano pezvivako uye zvivako, munzvimbo dzakakwirira mapurani expressiveness. Yaishandiswa apedza ndangariro patemberi iri pamusoro Poklonnaya Hill, Manezhnoj nharaunda. Munda iri Kirov mudunhu, Ukraine.

labradorite

Zviri ibwe dzinongoitika inova gomo-granular crystalline dombo. Labradorite kuoneka mune magmatic makadzika. Ivo kazhinji panofanira plagioclase, inova feldspar. Sechivako crystalline zvicherwa. Rakakamurwa svikiro-grained uye zvinonyadzisa-grained matombo.

Labradorite - rudzi anorthosite. The zita vakanwisa avo kwokutanga dhipoziti - vakadanwa saka Peninsula muCanada. Nhasi, kugadzira rwokuzvarwa ibwe kuitika mune dzimwe nyika, kusanganisira Ukraine uye Finland. MuRussia, munewo deposits makuru. Wokutanga chicherwa zvivako vaakawana Kievan Rus - ipapo girenayiti ichi rave kushandiswa chete sechinhu achitarisana ibwe, ipapo vakatanga vashongedze zvivako akakura.

Zvikurukuru, girenayiti ichi vhudzi kana dema. Mafic zvicherwa chete kupa ibwe yakanaka rima mumvuri. The chikuru ehupfumi labradorites wavo chando nemishonga uye yakakwirira simba. Saka, matombo aya zvinowanzoshandiswa kuti kunze kushongedzwa zvivako.

Uyezve, girenayiti iri kuzivikanwa nokuda STRUCTURAL uye textural zvivako.

porphyry

Izvi girenayiti Ural ine elongated kana Isometric inclusions, izvo zvakasiyana kukura (anogona kusvika 10 masendimita) kubva huru muviri. Kazhinji inomiririrwa orthoclase, Goldstone uye microcline.

pegmatoid

Izvi girenayiti dombo yunifomu noruzhinji the. Ukuru inclusions ose feldspar uye Goldstone - vanenge 3 masendimita.

Finnish girenayiti

girenayiti ichi - igneous dombo mamirire woita vakawanda makwapa akasvibirika ane orthoclase tsvuku Hue pamusoro masendimita anosvika mashanu, takapoteredzwa muganhu mutema-manyoro kana pfumbu oligoclase. Basa hombe mairi makabuda uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. zviyo orthoclase, plagioclase, hornblende, Goldstone uye biotite.

gneissose

Ural Izvi noruvara grained girenayiti ibwe ane kwakajairika unhu zvinonyadzisa-zviyo yakafanana wezwi hornblende chete kana Mika flakes.

pegmatitic girenayiti

Chimwe ndicho kwemarudzi anonzi pegmatite girenayiti, rinoumbwa muscovite, Goldstone uye orthoclase. mumiririri Typical zvipenyu ichi - anonzi akanyorwa girenayiti, feldspar inobereka iri idzodzo duku Goldstone chitete chimiro achikanganisa.

Leznikovsky girenayiti

simba Special uye vakawanda zvakasiyana dzvuku uye Pink-tsvuku leznikovsky girenayiti, ainzi saka maererano zita yomunda wako. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti atumidzwa mhando girenayiti zhinji. Somuenzaniso, ibwe dzvuku - Mezhdurechensk Simonov, tokovsky, Emelyanovsky, Kapustinsky. Uye pano ndiyo pfumbu girenayiti korninsky, Pokostivske, zhezhelevsky, Sophia.

rapakivi

Chimwe dzinonakidza chete rudzi chicherwa rapakivi. Zviri porphyritic inotungamirwa ne kugutsikana kukuru ovoids.

chena girenayiti

Zvinoitawo kunoitika muna chena girenayiti. Chii dombo hachigoni kupindura zvose kamwechete. Pfungwa iyi kupfuura seboka, semagada vakadanwa matombo chando-chena uye nezvimwe zvicherwa chiedza kwerima guru. Color anogona anosiyana kubva parera ndachena kuchiedza girini.

kunyoresa

Mazuva ano kuvaka girenayiti rinoshandiswa zvikuru kuti rinogona kunzi ichiita mabasa akawanda zvechokwadi zvinhu.

mukati akazara

Cornices, hwindo Sills, njanji, baseboards, countertops, bhaa misoro, kofi matafura, mbiru, balusters - yakakwirira simba ibwe kuchaita kuti kurayira zvigadzirwa izvi kubva girenayiti, uye ivo icharamba yakabatana kwemakore akawanda.

Masitepisi, uriri

Granite - pfuma ine vakaderera kuti abrasion. Kana uchida kuutora mukamuri rako pamatanho ane miriyoni vanhu gore, pukuta rugure pachikuva, vachakwanisa kuti vaifanira kubva 0,12 mm.

Interior uye kunze okugadziridza

Granite - ndiwo ergonomic chaizvo zvinhu izvo zvinogona kupa iwe hwomutambarakede chaizvo vari chivakwa.

mapindu

Rockeries, yomumakomo yemasiraidhi, vakasiyana madziva, Japanese mumapindu, zvakaitwa girenayiti, nzvimbo yako kuchawedzera mavambo uye Akasununguka.

Curbs, tichigadzira mabwe pavements, matanho

Granite rinoshandiswa kubudirira munzvimbo idzodzo umo "kutsungirira" huru kunodiwa. Mineral husingakwanisi nemakemikari utachiona, zvokuimba mupfungwa uye tembiricha kuchinja, nekuti nzvimbo yayo handishanduki pamusoro zvinogara dzakawanda nechando uye thawing.

Kusangana embankments

Granite zvakaoma rishandise mwando, uye saka ari pores iri ibwe apo tembiricha iri nechando mvura achiumbwa mukati kweimwe kumanikidzwa, izvo zvingaita kuti kuparadzwa dombo uye inotungamirwa makatsemuka.

Granite pavers

Kushandiswa tichigadzira matombo kubva ibwe zvemakore. Maererano rekare Roman akakurumbira cobbled migwagwa uye nhasi unogona kufamba; Street tichigadzira mabwe dzinogona kuwanikwa yekare chikamu ose guta guru European; munyika yanhasi, apo kubudiswa girenayiti kubva vatenzi haakonzeri chero dambudziko, migwagwa ibwe uye zvishoma nezvishoma kutsiva kongiri uye Asphalt.

Magic ehupfumi

Zvingaita sokuti pakutanga tingaona kuti girenayiti, mapikicha zviri munyaya ino, haasi vamwe zvemashiripiti ehupfumi, sapamazuva ano Apartments uye dzimba chichiri kushandiswa chanaka, uye saka anotakura chete aesthetic zvinoriumba. Asi pane uchapupu hwokuti chicherwa ichi anokwanisa kuita upenyu nani hwevanhu.

Granite yakavakwa yekare kugeza. Kwagara nzvimbo cleanest umo munhu aigona kuzorora. Heino mubvunzo kwete chete pamusoro kukwezva uye ukanyatsotarisisa ibwe, asi kuti zvicherwa anogona kudzivirira kwakavakirwa uye munhu kubva kunaka simba.

Pane akakurumbira okuti: "kutsenga girenayiti sayenzi". Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva iye haana mukana. Granite (vamwe matombo zvinoreva ichi, hazvina basa) ane ehupfumi havi hwokukurukura uye waivako mupfungwa.

Red Granite munhu kunobatsira kuwana tinzwisisane nenyika, anowedzera kunzwisisa ayo, rayo muridzi inoita zvikuru vanofarira uye anonzwisisa.

semushonga

Granite, izvo mufananidzo inogona kuwanikwa pakudzokorora ichi, mumwe chakarondedzera semushonga anogona kugarwa zvirwere zvakakomba siyana. Pakati pavo - nemabayo, asima, mwoyo chirwere, bronchitis.

Stone kuti chikosoro kubatsira kuderedza tembiricha, kunobatsirawo pamusoro musana uye mapfundo, kana paine matambudziko navo.

Mascot

Granite - Ndiwo yakanakisisa Mascot vanhu vakazvipira upenyu hwavo sayenzi kana pedagogy. Mineral inorodza kunzwisisa, kunonatsiridza kuyeuka uye anovandudza pfungwa mafungiro uye zvichingodaro. N.

Products kubva girenayiti anogona twaiva vakakwana vadzidzisi uye vadzidzisi, vanokwanisa kubatsira kuwana nzira yakasindimara uye zvakaoma vadzidzi, uyewo kukunda kutendeseka kwavo.

Granite - mumwe chicherwa pamwe isiyo zvakanaka simba chisingazivi kukuvadza munhu, saka, rirege kutyiwa.

Granite: Wongororo

Nekuti girenayiti kwakakurumbira chaizvo rokuvaka, apo, sezvinei, rave kushandiswa amakore, wongororo pamusoro hazvizovi zvakaoma kuwana. Vanenge vose vaifanira kukurira zvinhu zvinoshamisa izvi, vanoyemurwa simba raro pakakwirira nomucheka unongotaura. Other kutyiswa mutengo wayo. Asi muchiitiko chino zvakafanira kufunga kuti marudzi akasiyana zvicherwa angava akasiyana mutengo. Saka unogona nguva dzose kusarudza nzira iri kwauri.