Guta Leningrad panguva Great Patriotic War

Leningrad munguva Great Patriotic War akatora chikamu guta Soviet wokutanga akabatwa mauto aHitler. Muguta rino handina netsoka mutori - Leningrad vakagadzirira kurwa! Panyaya iyi, zvikwata zviri vakaumba vanhu nevarwi. Mauto edu akatora hondo dzisakarurama - Ivo pavakayambukira kunyika fray uye vakauraya ... Ghibli, kuti kanenge zvishoma kumisa kufambira mberi nomuvengi. Chinhu chikuru - ndiko kuti kutenga nguva uye kuvaka kuzvidzivirira. Pano, pakuvaka basa rokupedzisira kudzivirira, takashanda zvakaoma ose zuva, vanhu vanenge hafu yemiriyoni.

Zvirongwa vaHitler

Kukombwa Leningrad panguva Great Patriotic War rwakatora mazuva 872 uye kwaizourayisa vanoda kusvika miriyoni vanhu. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika mumakore zvinombokunetsa kana zvaigoneka kubvisa nechisimba dzikirira ichi. Uye kakawanda vakasvika pakugumisa kuti, zviri pachena, kwete. Hitler akatevera uye vaishuva kubvarura tidbit iyi kuBaltic Fleet.

Leningrad Vagari vaitenda kukurumidza kukunda uye akaramba kusiya guta! The guta akataura mutemo wechiuto. Nechemberi inogona nomuongorori chitima. All vakagadzirira kurwa kusvikira pakuguma!

Leningrad munguva Great Patriotic War

Sunny zuva, September 8, 1941 mumatenga pamusoro Leningrad anzwa nokuomba ari "Junkers" German. About 6000 mabhomba yakarova guta. With ndege akadonha mapepa pamwe achiseka chinyorwa - ". Nhasi isu anobhomba iwe, uye mangwana iwe vachavaviga pachako" Saka vakatanga miedzo chokutanga ... Yokuedzwa, izvo wakange achigere kuziva nyika, bvunzo umo achifa yaiva nyore pane kuti arambe ari mupenyu.

The ndege zvikuru zvokuti akanetseka kuti vakanga zvakajeka kuonekwa matema michinjikwa on vachena munyoro mapapiro. Chinangwa Ndege eGermany zvokudya badayev dzokuchengetera. Moto terrific, yakaumbwa shuga yakayerera mu nehova uye kunyorova muvhu. 168 moto injini vakanga zvaisanganisira kuti kudzima yokuchengetera zvinhu. Kwemaawa shanu akazosvika kurwa neimwe hofori moto. Wakapisa vanenge 40 zvivako pane matani 3000 hwakatsetseka uye 2.5 zviuru matani shuga. Zuva rinotevera racho kunze Kiev, apo akapisa zvokudya, yakasvika Leningrad. The moto panguva dzokuchengetera wakatsamwisa kutya. EchiShinto mu pazvinowanikwa muzvitoro vachidurura. Runyerekupe vakawaridza: "Nokukurumidza muchabuda nzara."

To musi, vhidhiyo uchapupu kuti pechipiriso zvokudya zvingava zvakakwana kwemazuva mashomanana. Chii chaiva mhaka vanotyisa nzara blockade? Vezvenhau gakava nezvazvo kusvikira ikozvino. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti pachena, kuti Leningrad, uyewo chero guta guru Soviet Union, akanga vakapakata chii anonzi vhiri. Kamwe wakakombwa, akabva akarasikirwa zvose zvinokosha arteries. Utungamiri munyika aisatarisira kuti zviitiko pachava nokukurumidza zvakadaro.

City akaramba! Muna September, vokuGermany dzakapasanura napakati mupomerwi. Mauto eGermany akacheka njanji uye nokukurumidza kusvika Ladoga pagungwa. blockade akavharwa. Kubvira zvakatanga guru kukomba Leningrad.

Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin akatuma Leningrad General Georgiya Konstantinovicha Zhukova, sezvo zvinhu zvakanga zvaipisisa. VokuGermany akavhara guta kuti kunyange zvakanakisisa vaona machechi domes. Zhukov anounganidza reserves zvose uye kupera nezvikepe vengarava. Kutora vanenge 50 zviuru masoja, izvozvo chinokonzera counterattack. "Kuti mira kana kufa!" - anoudza mukuru.

Zvekudzivira Leningrad Activity

Ungadzivisa sei muvengi Leningrad? How kuzviisa pasi pasina Russia Leningrad? Kudzivirira Leningrad muHondo Yenyika II yakanga zvakanaka waronga ouinjiniya mazwi. In Nzira kuna Leningrad vanozvibata kwazvo Luzhsky kuzvidzivirira mutsetse, izvo vakasvika 175? Km pakureba uye 12 km zvakadzama. nhare iri rakavakwa nevagari Leningrad mumwedzi wokutanga pashure pehondo rakatanga. Guta Leningrad munguva yehondo pachena kuti dutu bombardments. Part of kudzivirira zvavanokwanisa kurerutsa muvengi vachirwisa. Mukuita kudaro, vanobatsira 60 zviuru Vazvipiri kubva kuzvidzivirira mapoka - varume nevakadzi. Vaitsigira vari yakawanda nesimba kutokonora vanobatwa saka zvishoma pane munenge.

Ndadzokera August 1941, German Army "North" akaita kuwedzera ayo kuhondo muchiuto zvokushandisa, kurigamuchira kubva kuhondo "Center". Zvino mauto eGermany, usapindwa Leningrad akanga vakapakata Matangi itsva uye svetuka Ndege. Nesimba iri vaNazi vachiri vakakwanisa kurega kwokudzivirira Luga kunze uye kutora rin'i pakudzivirira mauto.

Nzara furawa Leningrad

Muna September, guta vakatanga kunzwa kushaya munhu chigadzirwa hwakajeka. Maererano kushanda mwero kunogona kuwanikwa 500 magiramu chingwa nokuti paanofa - 250 d vashandi uye vana aiva panogumira 300 magiramu chingwa. Muna October, mamiriro ezvinhu akaita akarwarisa. On kumusika pane nyepera makadhi. Vakaitira nyongano zvokudya extradition. Panguva pfungwa kumunyori Leningrad City Party Committee, okutanga Andrei Zhdanov, kwakasarudzwa kuzodzosera kadhi rokugoverwa mumwedzi October. Izvi zvaireva kwete chete yaitsiva rimwe bepa machira ari mumwe, uye kuwa muna mwero nyaya uye chingwa.

Kushanda kadhi kwakakurudzira upenyu. It inosimbiswa kupiwa chingwa. Asi kunyange mutemo uyu haasi nguva dzose akavaponesa kubva nzara. Maererano duramazwi of NKVD Administration muna Leningrad nharaunda, pamberi hondo, paavhareji pamwedzi kufa kusvika 3 zviuru vanhu. Muna October 1941, mwero wokufa kwevanhu wakanga atova vanhu 6199. Kukombwa Leningrad anotanga nokukurumidza kusviba chingwa zvaigara. Muna November 1941, paanofa, uye izvi dzaiwanzova vanhu vakwegura uye vana, aigona kuverenga 125 chete magiramu chingwa.

nzara

Winter akauya, 1941, kuti zvikuru nehasha. Munguva ino nguva mu kuoma nechando nemvura. Naizvozvo, chete tsime kuwana mvura inova rwizi Neva. Uyezve, guta rave vakaneta mumatanda zvose peturu, zvifambiso ndokumuka. Chinonyanya kudhura simbi huni! Muguta rakakombwa nzara - kutongwa zvakaipisisa kuti wakaziva Leningrad munguva Great Patriotic War.

125 magiramu nechingwa chete pulp guyo uye guruva - munhu blockade migove. Kufa nenzara vakava vakawanda. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chingwa nokugoverwa yakava chete ezvinhu kuti ndichengetedze upenyu. Up kusvikira December 1941 panzvimbo vakarasika kadhi zvakanga zvichiri kuwana kadhi idzva pachinzvimbo. Zvisinei, zviitiko kuba uye kushungurudzwa. Hungry Leningrad kazhinji akaenda kunyengera achiedza kuti zvimwe zvokudya. Issuance kuti nouya amira. Kubva zvino, kufirwa kapepa ane neingi chitambi kwaireva rufu. Muna December nenzara vakauraya vanenge zviuru 53 vanhu. Leningrad mukusanzwisisa chando rima torpor.

Vanopfuura 600,000 vanhu vakafa nenzara wakakombwa. Achifa mumugwagwa, kubasa, pamba, nepamasuo - vakanga vasingakwanisi kunoviga ... Hazvibviri kuratidza kutambura Leningrad. Asi havana chete kuedza kurarama, vakashanda. How nzara, vaneta vanhu vaigona kushanda? Zvichaita nguva dzose kuramba chakavanzika kuti akachengeta Leningrad munguva Great Patriotic War (mufananidzo munyaya).

blockade chingwa

Leningrad munguva akaudza yakawanda Great Patriotic War. Panguva blockade chingwa yokubika rakachinjwa kanoverengeka. chimwe chete chinhu akaramba achitsungirira - zviri furawa. Hachizati vakapfuura 60%. The yasara 40% kwaisanganisira nouipi uye yokuvirisa. Chisarudzo pamusoro yokuvirisa rakagamuchirwa basa nokuda kwokushayiwa furawa. Zvakanga adzidziswa kuti nechepakati rabhoritari panguva "Lenhlebprome" kutanga chaiyo kubikira michina nechingwa zvichibvira kuwedzererwa. Pakati okuwedzera zvokubikisa kazhinji Kunoumbwa bran, linseed mafuta keke, furawa Sou uye kubikira cellulose.

Leningrad haana mwoyo

Guta Leningrad muHondo Yenyika II haana kunetsa kwekanguva mapfumo uye kuzvipira. Residents vakaedza recreate upenyu yekare! Pakupedzisira, chitubu yasvika. Pamwe chete nomufaro uye kufunganya, tiri kumirira denda, asi sezvinei, hazvina - guta amuka. Muchirimo 1942 ari rakakombwa guta chitima basa rakazotanga. chiratidzo ichi zvaiita zvimwe yakachena yokufema youpenyu hutsva, asi harisati aiva zvandinenge uye akanyarara upenyu, asi achiri.

All rokurwisa nzara! Right muguta pane mapindu, usarega hapana munda. Goebbels akati kuti guta wafa! Zvichakadaro, muguta rakakombwa uye nenzara - mutambo wenhabvu! Izvi ane nyika aona. The Military Council of Leningrad Front akarayira chisarudzo kubata wenhabvu. Chakapiwa basa - kuwana Leningrad uye pamberi vatambi vanogona kuridza dzinotevedzana remachisa. Pasinei nematambudziko pachena, kuti vatambi vave vachikwanisa kutora. City mhenyu nhabvu!

Zvinoshamisa nemiedzo havana kutyora kuda vagari Leningrad, havasi ikoko - vakararama, vaitarisira uye akashanda. In rakakombwa Leningrad munyori Dmitri Shostakovich akasika ake yakakurumbira nezvimwe 7, uye rakanga kutanga akaita muguta rakakombwa.

Mugumo blockade

maguta akawanda uye nyika panyika vakanyangarika, kukava guruva pedyo vakundi. MuRussia, pane monument - ari invincibility pazvinhu, mumwe wavo - Leningrad. In Leningrad muHondo Yenyika II zvaisanganisira vasungwa chete German. Kukombwa Leningrad wakapera! Chii chakabatsira vanhu kuti vapone? Leningrad mumwe vanonzwa maronda musha, sezvo avo, mumwe nomumwe anogona kusvika kukunda.