Hondo Lesnaya yeSweden

Hondo Forest yakakurumbira kwakaitika musi waSeptember 28 (October 9 kusvika pakarenda itsva) 1708. It akagamuchira zita raro kukudzwa pedyo mumusha ano Mogilev mudunhu pakati Belarus. On munda rokurwa akatarisa muviri pasi pokudzora Peter I uye uto Swedish Adam Lewenhaupt. Akanga akunda neDare Russian, izvo akavabvumira kuva kubudirira pamushandirapamwe panguva Great Northern War.

prerequisites

Muna 1708 iri Swedish King Karl XII akanga achironga dzikambouya nharaunda weRussia. Zvisinei, chinangwa chake chaiva amachinda nyika mumoyo nyika. Saka Karl akanga achitarisira kuridza kure inokosha chirongwa pamuvengi. Vasati kuti, mauto Russian kwemakore dzakakundwa Zvisinei, kuBaltic States, kurwa yairwirwa yakanga isati pakati masimba makuru.

King aida kubatanidza mauto ayo zvose zvakanaka nenzira kufamba mu Russia. Kuti izvi zvidaro, akarayira Adam Lewenhaupt siya Swedish Kurland uye anosvika mambo mwero Ukraine, apo Charles akawana pachake kamwe ndokupera plan kukombwa Smolensk. General yokuzviparadzanisa zvinosanganisira vanhu vanenge 15 zviuru, kuti kwainzi rakakura simba. Carl aida kuunganidza zvose zvayo Ukrainian chikamu zvokudya mabhiza itsva zvokudya uye kutsigirwa chinokosha kubva Cossacks, ane hetman Mazepa asiya kuti yeSweden, triggering kutsamwa Peter I.

Russian chamber nzira

Hondo Lesnaya imhaka chikonzero kuti Peter akafunga kucheka Levengaupt kubva mambo wake. Pamwechete, vakakoniwa nyore kukunda hondo Russian. Asi mumwe nomumwe, mumwe nomumwe mapoka maviri aya chaiva nyore tariro ubudirire. Peter pachake akatungamirira uto, achifamba akananga zvavo. Against Carl akatuma Field Marshal Boris Sheremetev.

Peter First zvaifamba mugwara risiri, nekuti akanga anyengerwa yake guide. Tadzidza pamusoro chipo nzvimbo Lewenhaupt, akatuma vamabhiza pamusoro pake, chakanga nokukurumidza uye zvakawanda Mobile inifanduri. Vanguard kuti boka iri akasangana yeSweden musi 25 September. Chete pashure peizvi, Petro akadzidza pamusoro chaiye kukura weuto muvengi. Aifungidzira kuti inoshora hapana vanhu vanopfuura 8000. Izvi nhamba dzaiva kaviri sezvo vazhinji.

Nemhaka yehondo iri Forest angadai zvakaguma kukundikana zvachose. Zvisinei, Petro haritauri ikaparadza. Akarayira kuparadzwa chikepe panguva pedyo rwizi Sozh, kuti ndiparadzemo yomuvengi shure. Pashure paizvozvo, mambo mauto vakagadzirira inokosha kurwisa.

Vachigadzirira kurwa

September 28 pokugara Swedish akagadzirira kutamira karukova inonzi Lesyanka. Intelligence rinoshuma kuti Russian pedyo chaizvo, vakakoniwa asi kukonzera kuzvidya mwoyo Lewenhaupt. Akarayira varwi kuti atore zvinzvimbo napazvikomo, uye kuzvichengeta kusvikira yose mudungwe wemabhazi asingadi ferried mhiri korwizi.

Hondo Lesnaya yeSweden pedyo. Panguva ino mauto eRussia pamwe musango mudungwe munzira nemigwagwa, vachitarisira akakunda muvengi romuromo. Zvisinei, asati chikwata raiva dambudziko rakakura. Kuronga kurwisa yeSweden, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kuvaka, sezvo hondo vakabuda musango yoga uye kuzvidzivirira. Peter akafunga mafambire muvengi afunge uye akamuendesa kuna Nevsky of the dragoon hondo pamazana vakashinga vanhu. Varwi ava vaifanira kutora kuti yeSweden kusvikira simba huru iri pedyo huni haana kuvakwa.

kokutanga

Kurwa kwakanga ropa. Vanhu 600 vakaurayiwa, chaizvo hafu. Hondo panguva Lesnaya. YeSweden, ndichiziva kubudirira kwayo, akafunga kuenda pakaunda-kurwisa, asi vakanga unonyangadzwa Guard vakapindira Mihaila Golitsyna. Advanced muvengi mutsetse chakaderera, uye iye vakadzokera shure kune yepakutanga nzvimbo, iyo akabata, kana chete vakatanga kuyambuka mudungwe wemabhazi mhiri kworwizi.

Hondo Lesnaya, musi riri chirangaridzo nhoroondo Russian akapinda mutsva danho. Apo varindiri vakaramba kurwisa, chikuru chikamu Peter zvinobudirira vakavaka kurutivi huni. Pakati akamira Semenov, Chitarisiko uye Ingermanland regiments achitungamirirwa Mikhail Golitsyn. parutivi rworudyi zvaisanganisira emauto, inotungamirirwa refutenendi-General Fridrih Gessen-Darmstadt. Kusiyiwa vanoda murwi Yakov Bryus. The vakawanda Vanotarisira raiva mumaoko Peter. Pakutanga huru hondo (o'clock) mauto Russian kuverengwa zviuru 10 vanhu. YeSweden vaiva vanhu vanenge vanoverengeka zana, izvo zvaireva kuti parity kwakanga pakati vavengi.

Chechipiri hafu hondo

Hondo rwakatora maawa anenge 6 kusvikira pakati pousiku. Pakati kurwa, ayo kuchinyanya kunoderedza zvishoma. Masoja Tired akazorora akandomirira vavabatsire. Vavabatsire akasvika kuna maawa Peter 17. Yaiva General Baur, uyo akauya naye 4000th Dragoon Corps.

Night kurwa mumusha Forest akatangazve nesimba rakawedzerwa. The yeSweden vakanga adzosa kuti transports dzavo. Zvichakadaro, rimwe duku vamabhiza yokuzviparadzanisa yave vadarika rwizi uye akacheka Levengaupt wokupedzisira rwendo kuenda abudirire dzokera shure. Zvisinei, muvengi Vanguard akapindura noushingi kurwisa uye akakwanisa kumisa rokupedzisira zambuko.

Atirari kurwa uye kutiza yeSweden

Chiri usiku, Peter akarayira kutora mberi ari atirari wakasvinudza rinorema moto muvengi. Panguva ino vaneta inifanduri uye vamabhiza vakadzokera zvinzvimbo zvavo kuti zororo. Ukabatwa yeSweden zvakare nokupa kupfura kanoni. Avo ezvinhu kwava dzinonetsa. Lewenhaupt kugona pechikara ose makuru ngoro chitima, izvo yekudyidzana DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA kufamba mauto.

Nemhaka yehondo iyi Sango 1708 yakakanganiswa usiku. YeSweden akabva nzvimbo yakasara mumusha dzavo dzakawanda mukwende, kuti muvengi aigona haangavawani. Kuti vanyengere mumusasa Russian moto vakarambana, izvo akasika fungidziro pamusoro Levengaupt kazhinji aripo panzvimbo. Zvichakadai, vakarongwa maererano shure pakati yeSweden vakatanga kuwana chimiro kutiza. Masoja zhinji kungoti aparara, kwete kuda richatorwa kana kugamuchira inouraya bara.

zvikanganiso mativi

Mumwe zvikonzero kukundwa hondo General Lewenhaupt akanga kuzvifarira regiments ake. Tichienzanisa eRussia they vasina varindi. Uyezve, chikamu chikuru hondo yaiumbwa varwi - the Finns uye vanhu vemamwe marudzi, izvo, chokwadi, regai chaizvoizvo kuda kufa nokuda zvido nemasimba yokumwe.

Hondo Lesnaya, ane mutengo ndiko kugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvekare nokukundikana vakaratidza murayiro Russian. Somuenzaniso, vaduku atirari dzaishandiswa muhondo iyi. Gare gare dambudziko uyu kururamiswa, uye pana Poltava mudzimba pfuti zvikuru zvinotyisa shelled muvengi. In chii gore rakanga Hondo pana Lesnaya kwakaitika, aiziva zvino mumwe mugari Russia, nekuti akanga iye akasika Mipiro inokosha kwokupedzisira kukundwa vari yeSweden muhondo refu.

ukoshi

chiduku chikamu kusvika dzakawanda Corps pakati General Lewenhaupt chete asi asvika dzimbahwe mambo wake. Hondo Lesnaya, waiva musi pamariro munhoroondo Sweden, Carl akasiya pasina vavabatsire uye munitions, vaiva yakarasika mukwende.

Chaizvoizvo 9 months, Peter akaputsa wowakatarisana yake Poltava, yaiva yakachinja Mukuru Northern War. Zvinonzi munhu kuziva masanga kwakaita mambo witty zvinosetsa. Akadana kurwisana Forest Mother kukunda pa Poltava. Kubva panguva iyi nenzira yakasiyana dzakarwiwa Northern War. Hondo Lesnaya uye haizopereri kubudirira kweuto Russian pakupedzisira vakashaisa yeSweden, uye makore mashoma gare gare vakapfuura pasina risati nemishonga guta pashure guta kuBaltic States (kureva, nharaunda yaiva chikuru chinangwa Peter).