How kuyeuka nguva yokutanga verenga: vakarongeka nzira uye vanorumbidza

Ndichiri apedza kuverenga ndima - hafu kubva musoro wangu ... Familiar? Iri dambudziko nezvakaonekwa zvinenge zvose vadzidzi uye vadzidzi. Chokwadi kuti uropi hwomunhu haina zvichikwanisa ndezvokuti magariro akadaro anoita, uye vazhinji nezvakanyorwa mubhuku, zvakanga kunonzwisiswa kazhinji sezvo ruzha - asingabatsiri mashoko, izvo harufaniri kuchengetwa achiyeukwa. Asi kana imi munoziva kuti ishande zvigadziriswe izvi, unogona kudzidza kudzora muitiro uye kunzwisisa sei nemusoro verenga nguva yokutanga.

ndangariro Science

chero mashoko Asati inowira yedu "nemotokari zvakaoma", unopfuura kunzwisisa nzira uye iri pasi ine multi-pamwero kugadzira. The rokutanga zvigadziriswe izvi akadzidza uye akarondedzera musayendisiti German Hermann Ebbinghaus. Akazotaura 4 inokosha ndangariro pezvakaitwa: nomusoro, Kuchengetedzwa, kubereka uye akanganwa.

How nani rangarira kuverenga? Panyaya iyi, kiyi kukosha ndivo mumatanho maviri okutanga. Naizvozvo, zvinokosha nokuongorora kwavo zvizere.

Kuchengeta - ndiko involuntary imprinting kuti zvakakanganisa pfungwa. Muchiitiko ichi dzimwe nguva cerebral cortex rakaramba mumwe zvisaririra excitation kunokonzerwa dzemagetsi pulses. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvose kuti tinoona, inzwai uye kunzwa, vachisiya mumuviri zvisaririra muuropi hwedu.

Izvi zvakasiyana zvinogona kuitika. In muduku mwana zvaanopa simba involuntary nomusoro kwacho. All isu vanounganidza nguva uye chokwadi kuti haana kuedza kuyeuka: kufamba mupaki 5 makore okutanga musi, mifananidzo kubva kufarira firimu ... An anonakidza chinoshamisa kuti kwete zvose tinoyeuka zvakafanana zvakanaka. Nei izvi zvichiitika?

Zvose zvinoenderana simba magetsi pulses, saka isu kurangarira zvakanaka chete mamwe mashoko:

• chii kunokosha (marwadzo kana akaisa ruoko rwako kuti moto);
• kujairika, mavara zviitiko uye mifananidzo (inopenya inoita pa kupemberera mutambi);
• Information kuti ihama yedu zvido (a yokubika yemachikichori madhishi);
• ruzivo zvinokosha zvinodiwa kuti mabasa edu uye kuzadzisa zvinangwa (yakarurama mhinduro yacho bvunzo).

90% sei zvakanaka mashoko akanyorwa ndangariro kunobva manzwisisire atinoita. Chokutanga kudhindwa chii chakaita manzwiro akasimba (zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa) kana mubereko.

Uyezve, pane nomusoro nemaune - chete kuti neurongwa yatiri nokungwaririra vanoedza "pisa" mamwe mashoko akadai somusi bhuku renhoroondo kana nhamba dzorunhare inokosha.

Save - ichi kurapwa kwacho, exchange uye kuramba mashoko itsva zvimwe kumatunhu uropi.

Chokutanga, mashoko ose vanowira "Buffer" ndangariro. Pano mashoko inochengeterwa kwenguva pfupi muna yaro yepakutanga chimiro. Asi anotevera danho ruzivo chinogadzirwa, kunobatanidzwa pamwechete nechakare, nyore uye achienda ndangariro-refu. Chinonetsa kunzvenga kukanganiswa kudzivirira uropi kuwedzera vasiri aripo chokwadi kana "kurasa" anokosha nguva. Achiziva izvi zvose, zviri nyore zvikuru kunzwisisa sei nemusoro verenga nguva yokutanga.

Isa zvakajeka zvinangwa

Kunyange kana uchiverenga chaizvo nokungwarira uye uchifungisisa, perelistnuv peji, iwe kungasanyanya kukwanisa retell mashoko pamusoro chii akanga adzidza.

In dzokuYugoslavia kwepfungwa XIX remakore P. Radossavlevich vakaperekedza inonakidza kuedza. Dambudziko vakatarisana nomuedzo kwaisanganisira nomusoro upenzi mabhii. Kazhinji iterations zvinoverengeka zvaidiwa ichi. Ipapo chinangwa yachinja - zvino chete vaifanira kuverenga zvakanyorwa. The bvunzo yakaitwa zvakawanda 46 (!) Times, asi apo experimenter akakumbira kudzokorora pakuwanda mwoyo, aisagona kuzviita. Asi nokukurumidza ndakaona kuti vaifanira kudzidza - zvaitora nguva 6 chete tarisa mabhii kuti zvakarurama retell navo. Zvinorevei izvi?

Kuti tinzwisise sei kuverenga, kuverenga ndangariro mudziyo, zvakakodzera kuisa chinangwa chakajeka - kuyeuka zvinhu.

Panowo ine mazano aro. Chinangwa chikuru anofanira akakamurwa zvakawanda unyanzvi mabasa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ungasarudza chii pfungwa. Mune imwe nyaya, govera zvakakwana zvinokosha mune dzimwe - dzavo urongwa, uye wechitatu - rangarirai chinyorwa shoko neshoko. Ipapo uropi kare kuverenga kutanga "nezvikorekedzo" avo kubatsira kuyeuka mashoko aunoda.

Gadzira wakasununguka ezvinhu

Uye tikaramba kukurukura sei nemusoro wenyaya verenga wokutanga wekuedza. Rokutanga kutarira famba achitsvaka "irritants". Mune ruzha mukirasi kana mabhazi hanya apararira, uye dzimwe nguva imi kunyange kuziva kuti zvakanyorwa mubhuku.

Kuti kunyudza zvakakwana pachavo vari muitiro, zvinokurudzirwa kugara mukamba hwakadzikama kana kuwana yatisingaonekwi panzvimbo kumwe mumaruwa - apo hauna zvinotsausa.

Batanidzwa kudiwa mangwanani, kana musoro ichiri sezvo dzakachena sezvo zvichiita uye mashoko matsva inogona kuwanwa zvikuru nokukurumidza.

Kurukura shamwari dzako

, Zviri Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda havadi shanduro dzokududzira pamusoro chikoro mabhuku makirasi - imwe yenzira sei zvakanakisisa kuyeuka kuverenga. Paunenge kuridza kunze ndiko mukuverenga, uropi anoshandisa migero maviri panguva kamwe kuyeuka uye kubereka - rinoonekwa uye auditory (kunzwa).

Kunyange nani, kana pachava Source, vakagadzirira kutsigira nhaurirano. Munguva kukurukurwa kiyi zvinhu uye musingaitirani nharo se "vari nemhepo" pakuyeuka kugara ikoko kwenguva yakareba. Mune dzimwe nyika, zvikwata dzinowanzotaurwa vanoda kuverenga izvo vatori kuungana kunyatsoreva kuti tikurukure Verenga uye kugoverana zviitiko.

Kudzidza kuverenga

Kana muchida kuziva sei kudzidza nomusoro verenga nguva yokutanga, kutanga kugadzirisa magadzirirwo yokuverenga. Usakanganwa kuti chihombe basa chokuyeuka kutarisana ndangariro: iwe mupfungwa "mufananidzo" peji, uye kana ukasakwanisa kurangarira chinhu - tinoda chete nezveupenyu nayo, uye mashoko anodiwa pacharo zvabuda mu musoro wangu. Asi sei kuzadzisa izvi?

1. Musatanga pakarepo kunzwisisa shoko rimwe nerimwe uye edza kufukidza yose peji maonero.
2. Wedzerai kumhanya kuverenga. Zvinonzi kwakaratidza kuti nokukurumidza munhu kudzidza rugwaro, nani kugaya mashoko. Edza kuwedzera nzvimbo mu pfungwa kuti 'kubvuta "musatarira mumwe, asi dzinenge 2-3 nemashoko. Unogonawo nemasaini nokuda nokukurumidza kuverenga makosi apo uchadzidza kuverenga Tsanga yacho yaichekwa.
3. Kana chiziviso kuti kutsauswa uye akarasikirwa neimwe kukamuka, chero zvazvingava, rega kudzokera kwaari kuverenga. Kwakadaro "akasvetuka" kupindira chinokosha maonero zvinhu. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani ndima kumugumo, uye ipapo verenga zvakare chose.
4. Unlearning netsika mupfungwa kududza mutongo kana kutama miromo yake. Nekuti tsika vana ava kuti, uropi havagoni pfungwa pamusoro wenyaya, uye vanopedza chikamu pfuma kutsigira kwenyu "Vakurukuri Internal".

In maawa 3-4 yokutanga zviri kujairika uye zvakaoma. Asi kamwe waita vakavakazve, achawedzerwa kwete chete kumhanya kuverenga, asi uwandu mashoko kuti uchaita kurangarira kubva pakutanga.

nyora manotsi

Munogonawo kuyeuka akwegura pakutanga. Kana musingadi chete kusvetukira famba wenyaya, asi kushanda kunze zvinhu uye runenge ndanyora pasi huru pamusoro Papera ichi tagging nyore kuyeuka mashoko aunoda.

Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuziva chii uye sei kuti manotsi nekuti pasina imwe gadziriro iwe chete kuti rakabayirwa murwi Chidimbu chokwadi. Heino nzira shoma kuti iwe unogona kushandisa:

• Muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano. Zvose zvinhu zviri ipazwe zvimedu zviduku, ayo zvino aibatanidza maererano dzimwe nzira (pasi, nguva, shamwari uye zvichingodaro. D.).
• Plan. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe chikamu chinyorwa (ndima, chitsauko, kana chikamu chikamu) zvinyorwa zvipfupi, izvo vashumire pfungwa yokutsigira uye kubatsira kudzorera yose mukati. Pamanyorerwo kunogona kuva chinhu: anokosha mashoko, mazita, mienzaniso kana mibvunzo kuti chinyorwa.
• Kupatsanura. Zvinotora chimiro chati kana matafura. Kunoitawo kuti vape zvinhu siyana kana mananara pfungwa kwakavakirwa zvakafanana zviri mumapoka uye makirasi.
• Schematization. Uchishandisa ndima kutigumbura, miseve nenhamba vanoonekwa nyore ukama pakati siyana zvinhu, pezvakaitwa uye zviitiko.
• Association. chinhu chimwe nechimwe kuronga kana chinyorwa zvinoenda zvatinosiita, pachena kana chete chisingakanganwiki nzira, iyo inobatsira kuti "mutsai" iri kuyeuka zororo.

Panguva iyoyowo, edza haana kurara. Rangarirai, ichi hachisi izere Pfupiso yebhuku, uye nezviratidzo duku, izvo kucharuramisa pfungwa mugwara.

5 yakanakisisa rinoita nomusoro unyanzvi

Zvino yenzvimbo "zvinonaka" uye hurukuro pamusoro sei kuyeuka yakare pakutanga, kunyange pasina kurovedza. Zvichida iwe vakambonzwa pfungwa mnemonics - zvakasiyana siyana unyanzvi dzinobatsira kugaya zvakawanda munguva pfupi.

1. Visualization

Paunenge uchiverenga unofanira zvakajeka sezvinobvira kufungidzira zvose zviitiko uye mananara zvinorondedzerwa acho. The zvakawanda "vapenyu" uye mupfungwa mifananidzo, nani.

2. Creative Association

vanhu vashoma vanoziva, asi kugadzira kwavari - unyanzvi. Pane 5 "yendarama" mitemo, izvo zvinofanira kuomerera nyore kuyeuka chero mashoko:

• Musafunga. Shandisai mufananidzo wokutanga akauya mupfungwa.
• Associations vanofanira kuva simba mupfungwa zvinoriumba.
• Zvifungidzire mukuru hunhu (somuenzaniso, kana munhu ndimu akarara patafura - vanoedza "kudya" izvozvo).
• Wedzera upenzi.
• Ko kuwana "mufananidzo" musoro.

Ungazviita sei? Toti uri kudzidza kutungamirirwa kupenda uye kuyeuka chii pointillism. Muchidimbu: ichi chimwe chimiro chiNazi impressionism apo mufananidzo rine muzvizhinji inobwinya pfungwa yakarurama chimiro (muvambi - Pierre Georges Sarufa). Rudzii nokuwadzana unogona kufunga? Fungidzira munhu Ballerina, Pointe iri zvakazorwa mu pendi uye yechamupupuri nokutamba, anyangarike ari mufananidzo Dots multi-mavara. Iye akapfuura uye netsaona kukuvadza gumbo chirongo yellow sarufa, iro rikawira nenzwi kuputsika. Saka yedu nokushamwaridzana: Pointe shangu vane zvivara - pointillism, mumwe mudziyo ane bvudzi - Georges-Pierre Seurat.

3. Nzira yokudzokorora I. A. Korsakova

Nzira iyi inobva pakuti chikamu chikuru mashoko tinokanganwa dzinenge pakarepo. Zvisinei, kana mashoko inodzokororwa nguva, zviri kwazvo midzi mune ndangariro. Chii unofanira kuyeuka?

1. New mashoko anofanira kudzokororwa mukati mumasekonzi 20 namarudzi maonero (kune hombe zveMagwaro rugwaro - kusvika kwechinguvana).
2. Mumwedzi wokutanga zuva Dzidzisa zvinhu kanoverengeka mumaminitsi 15-20, ipapo - pashure maawa 8-9 uye pakupedzisira pashure pemaawa 24.
3. Yeuka kuti kuverenga kwenguva refu, unofanira kudzokorora chinyorwa kakati vhiki - pamusoro 4 th uye 7 fung zuva.

Nzira iri nyore zvikuru, asi panguva imwe chete kusimba kunobudirira. Kugara dzokororo anopa uropi kunzwisisa kuti haisi ruzha mashoko uye anokosha mashoko kuti vanongogara kushandiswa.

4. nzira Cicero

A chidobi zvinobatsira vaya vanoda kuziva kuti kuchengeta mashoko kuverenga mubhuku. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti nyore. Iwe sarudza mhando "hwaro" - Somuenzaniso, mamiriro ezvinhu mufurati renyu. Yeuka kuti kutanga mangwanani yako, chii uye chii kutevedzana zvaunoita. Shure kwaizvozvo mumwe nomumwe chiito zvaanofanira "sunga" mumwe chidimbu chemashoko - zvakare, achibatsirwa shamwari. Saka imi mucharangarira kwete chete pafuma asiwo kutevedzana mharidzo mashoko.

Ngatitii kudzidza chikamu nhoroondo, unogona mupfungwa "tiswedere" sezvinhu hondo patafura parutivi pomubhedha kana "tuma" Columbus Surf kuchimbuzi nzvimbo.

5. The nzira pictograms

Gadzira zvibereko jira nepeni. Chaimo kuverenga kwacho vanofanira mupfungwa unotara mazvi uye pfungwa. basa rako - kukwira naye mumwe duku hwakajeka-mufananidzo kuti anoyeuchidza iwe chii chakakurukurwa. No vanofanira kuita schematic kana, Ukuwo, zvakare zvakawanda mifananidzo, zvimwe havazokwanisi pfungwa rugwaro uye anowanzoita kurangarira. Kana wasvika kuguma ndima kana chitsauko, edza akatarira chete panguva kuzvidhori, kuti ataure chete verenga chinyorwa.