HPP Zhigulevskaya: kare, mapikicha

Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa yave muchiroto hurumende yeSoviet chaipo mambakwedza munyika. Zvirongwa zvakatanga muna 30s, uye pamwero mukuru rokuvaka zvakafanira muna rekodhi nguva pashure peHondo Yenyika II. History Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa - iyi ndiyo imwe mapeji kwemaindasitiri Soviet Union uye reRussia simba kuchengeteka.

Kubva pfungwa kusvikira pakutanga

Pfungwa kuvaka Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa muna 1910 kwave kuzviisa pasi tsarist hurumende injiniya Samara G. M. Krzhizhanovsky. Dzika zvakaitika chete pashure pokuchinja, pakwakanga kunotenderwa magetsi plan, iyo yakatangwa nevanhu iyoyo injiniya, asi atova mamiriro sachigaro komisheni magetsi.

Mumakore okuma30 munharaunda, riri pedyo nomusha Red uta, akatanga kuongorora basa iri kukura simba zvinogona of Volga. Zvakaguma panyaya yokuvaka Kuibyshev Hydroelectric chiteshi, dzataigona kushongedzera vatatu pfungwa kutanga basa. First paiva kuvakwa pedyo nomusha Red Bows. Kuti nechokwadi hombe-pamwero chirongwa Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa yakavakwa kumuzinda. Asi kare muna 1940 panzvimbo richaitirwa placement veboka ravarwi kwakaratidza deposits mafuta, uye kuvakwa yaiva yakagwamba nechando.

pashure pehondo,

Munguva yepashure pehondo akanga akatakurwa dzimwe prospecting akatanga "Hydroproject" masimba. Nzvimbo yakakodzera akawanikwa pedyo netaundi Zhigulyovsk. ч . Maererano chirongwa unotendwa muna 1949, ari Hydroelectric simba Zhigulyovskaya akaiswa pachiyero kVt⋅ maawa mamiriyoni 2.1.

Kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1950 uye pakarepo akawana zvizhinji. Kuti zvirongwa 50 kuvaka uye kugadzwa emakambani dzaibatanidzwa, vachirondedzera kune zvinenge madhipatimendi ose munyika. Munenge 130 ne kugadzirwa bureaus, wedzerai midziyo uye zvinoriumba zvinobatanidzwa kupfuura 1,300 mafekitari afunge nzvimbo uye kwakavakirwa vaiita. Chief okuvaka wechivako akagadzwa I. V. Komzin, akagamuchira nokuti kukura uye Implementation makuru-pamwero chirongwa musoro Hero pakati Socialist Labor.

zvokukura kuvakwa

HPP Zhiguli - chikuru post-hondo Zvivako, izvo zvaida kuti kuunganidza munhu kusimba zvoupfumi yakawanda manpower nepfuma. Nyaya dzevanhu kupfuma kwakagadziriswa runako oma - mune dzakawanda vavaki vaiva vasungwa vavo kugutsikana hwakagadzwa Kuneevsky ITL, Glavgidrostroyu omurume rezvemukati of USSR.

Nokurasa dombo kurudyi kumahombekombe Volga pakuvaka mai chakatangwa muna chando 1950. Pamutemo musi mukutanga kuvakwa anoonekwa kuti February 18, 1951, apo iye abviswa rokutanga nehwaro ramangwana mugomba nzvimbo. HPP kuvakwa Zhigulevskaya akanga exponential. Kuti pave uye mhanyisa kumhanya basa wotoona vakatama zvose zvakanakisisa panguva unyanzvi.

In July 1951 vakatanga kuvakwa rezasi rwesuo uye simba kongiri chirimwa pamusoro kuruboshwe kumahombekombe erwizi. Muchirimo 1952 vakatanga kuvaka spillway zambuko makiromita masere pakureba, uye muzhizha yava nguva yokuvaka Hydroelectric yepamusoro pakashama kuti kutumirwa. Muna December wegore iroro akanga basa muchipatara yakaoma.

nokukurumidza kukurumidza

HPP Zhigulevskaya akavaka wakakurumidza kumhanya, dzimwe nguva kwemaawa basa kukodzera anosvika zviuru 20 cubic metres nekongiri, yaiva zvinyorwa kunyange nemitemo pose. Muna December 1952, basa rakatanga musi concreting pasi rezasi regedhi, mwedzi miviri kwakazadza upenyu tsika vavaki - akaiswa kushanda kirabhu itsva mafuta mumusha Sunny Meadow.

Muna April 1953 Akatanga Akurirwa ibwe uye MacAdam chirimwa, zvibereko kubva 30 July rave kushandiswa kuvaka Hydroelectric simba chechitima chivakwa. Nheyo rose ndiro Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa yakapedzwa muna July 1954. Nhoroondo chivako rakasvika anokosha pfungwa - kusikwa mai. Pakutanga wakapiwa August 15, 1955, zvakatanga pamwe bindepinde pakati rworuboshwe kumahombekombe Volga, imwe muhari dhamu akanga adzikinura nokuda 2 months. Muna October, rwizi mvura akatangwa mugomba.

Pindana kuruoko norwizi yakapera muna rekodhi nguva, nyanzvi maawa pfuurei 19 kuti kushandiswa dzakaoma. Mumakore akatevera vhiki mbiri, takanga kushandira kuchaitwa urema duku mumuviri mai. Muna November 1955 mvura vakatanga kuzadza Kuibyshev Dam.

Project mvura pamwero mariri vakazobvumirana chete muna June 1957. Panguva richisvika kushanda simba Kuibyshev gungwa raiva pakukura munyika - yacho unehanya 6000 mativi makiromita, kureba - 510 metres, upamhi mune dzimwe nzvimbo yakasvika 27 makiromita.

zvinyorwa

History Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa muna July 1955 kwakaratidzwa nokufamba mudziyo wokutanga kuburikidza rezasi zvomumvura pakuyera. Muna November, paiva bindepinde huru mugero of Volga, muna December akapedza kugadzwa rokutanga hydraulic chikwata waitanga dzokutengesa nokushanda. Vamwe gumi hydropower zviumbu vakanga raparurwa munguva 1956-1957 kumwedzi. Vokutanga mabhiriyoni kilowatt-kwemaawa agamuchirwa October 1956. Musi pokupedza huru kuvaka danho iri kuonekwa 14 October 1957, apo vose turbines HPP rakapa maindasitiri magetsi.

Nekuisa mumwe turbine inokwana 150 zviuru MW zvinotora inenge mwedzi, pashure nekuvasuma kushanda zvakava pachena kuti dzichiri turbines chokukura kusvika 115 MW. Somugumisiro kuzodzosera chokuguma akatakurwa zviyero, uye yakaiswa Hydroelectric kukwanisa yakawedzera kusvika 2.3 BSN.

Zvose tevera yave rinotungamirirwa kurutivi kuvakwa kwezvivako administrative pachiteshi kwezvivako uye magariro zvivako Zhigulevsk uye Stavropol. HPP Zhiguli - dzakasiyana chimiro, yose waterworks yakavakwa mumakore manomwe. Panguva iyi, zvakaitwa anenge mamiriyoni 200 cubic metres kubva dzokurwa, vakaisa vanenge mamiriyoni 8 cubic metres nekongiri, akagadza 200 zviuru matani zvivako simbi michina.

udzvanyiriri

Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa yakanga pamutemo akasvinudzwa musi August 9, 1958 mu rinoyera mhemberero pamberi okutanga vanhu USSR. Zuva rakatevera, pachiteshi Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Volga Hydroelectric Power Station pamwe basa Lenin. Vatori Vakawanda kuvakwa vagamuchira mibayiro hurumende. Zvekufamba pamusoro kuvakwa vasungwa asunungurwa vakapinda mbizi parutivi ruregero, vamwe anoramba akaderedza nguva yokushumira mutongo.

By pakutanga August 1966 Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa yakatanga kunofanira kuyeukwa kilowatt-kwemaawa mabhiriyoni 100. magetsi. Panguva iyoyo pakanga hurongwa kushandisa michina rokudzora zvose pezvakaitwa pachiteshi kusvikira pakuguma 70 guru-pamwero mazuvaano pamusoro midziyo rikaparadzirwa kunze.

With yekupindurwa zvoupfumi muna 1993 izvozvo zvakachinja mamiriro ravarwi; somugumisiro pamusoro nokubatanidzwazve kambani rakava pachena shoma kambani. Muna 2001 HPP Zhigulevskaya yakava chikamu kambani "Volga Hydropower Cascade". Kubvira 2003, Hydroelectric simba yemapurisa iri nokutengesa magetsi kune Wholesale kumusika, izvo anotengesa 15% of vanowanika simba, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinowanikwa kune yaidzorwa batana kumusika.

modernity

Pari, muridzi yemapurisa ndiko vakabata kambani "RusHydro". Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa - izvi Hydroelectric rwizi mubhedha, zvose zvivako kuti muri mukirasi kuoma yokutanga. The mamiriro kwezvivako zvinosanganisira:

• Hari dhamu kukwirira 52 meters (upamhi - 750 m, urefu - 2800 m).
• Hydroelectric chiteshi chivakwa 700 metres refu.
• Spillway mudhamu 980 metres refu.
• Shipping nekiyi.

Kukwirira Zhiguli hydropower chirimwa mune mai mugove ndiyo 40,15 metres, simba imba ane kukwirira 81,1 mamita. Pamusoro mai dzateyiwa njanji uye mugwagwa shizha shoko Moscow - Samara. ч . Station vanokwanisa ndiyo 2320 MW, uye paavhareji simba goho riri wakachengetwa kVt⋅ maawa mabhiriyoni 10,5. ч , и 4 машины мощностью 120 МВт⋅ ч . The muchina kamuri 20 iri vakapakata hydraulic dzakabatana famba-vanekuva mhando, 14 iyo vane inokwana 115 MVt⋅ bare uye 4 muchina pa 120 MVt⋅ maawa.

mazuvaano

Muna 2010 boka "RusHydro" akaita chibvumirano ne OAO "Simba Machines" kuti mazuvaano pamusoro hydraulic dzakabatana. By June 2017 update akapiwa motokari 19, pakupera yose kunzwisisa zviyero iri vakaronga kuti November 2017. Matanho akatorwa dzifambirane uhu kuchawedzera chirimwa kuti vanokwanisa kusvika 2488 MW.

Sokuvaka wokutanga, uye nhasi zvinoshamisa simba miti Zhiguli hydropower miti. Photo pazviteshi, madhamu uye rose kunzwisisa kuti Hydroelectric afuridzire kuremekedza shasha ine vagadziri navavaki.