Ichi chisinganzwisisike uye zvakasiyana-siyana mhando - dzemugungwa

Tinozivei nezvavo - nezvemhuka vtorichnopolostnyh invertebrate, izvo ikashandiswa mune mhando dzemugungwa? Kuti vane dzakapfavirira, boneless muviri, vamwe calcareous anoshongwa (kufanana hozhwa), uye vamwe nayo haapo (sapamazuva slugs). Vamwe vavo kutungamirira rugare hupenyu, kudya uswa, uye vamwe - kunyange zvikara ngozi uye tupukanana. Munhu anononoka chaizvo (semuenzaniso, nedhambakura anotanga pamusoro awa masendimita 12-20 chete), nepo Squid vachishandisa "ndege injini", anogona kusvika aimhanya 70 km / h. Kune mhando zvikurukuru akatunhidzwa kudyiwa (mussels, oysters) kana kuti maparera, sepia, purpura. Uye pane uturu chaizvo dzemugungwa anogona kukonzera rufu gumi chete navo varume.

Pakati ichi mhuri duku zvikuru variegated pane cannibals, uye kunyange zvipoko. Sei sainzi classifies ichi mhando? Mollusks vakakamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu: bivalves, gastropods uye cephalopods. Asi vasati kutaura kusiyana nedhambakura, oysters uye Squid, ngationei patsanura chii chinobatanidza izvi zvakasiyana chimiro, mararamiro uye pamwero ungwaru mhuka. All havana zvemukati marangwanda. Anoshongwa dzimwe mhuka dziri "musha" zvavo, overheat dziviriro uye nezvikara. muviri wavo rine mutumbi, makumbo uye musoro. In dzakawanda marudzi, pane "jasi" - ganda ukagunzva anofukidza mwoyo, chitaka, itsvo. Ropa vane yellowish, asi vamwe cephalopods - yakatsvukuruka.

Dzemugungwa mhando zvakanga zvakajairika chaizvo ari Jurassic nguva, apo vakawanda panyika yakanga yakafukidzwa nemvura. Kune zvinopfuura 130,000 marudzi ezvisikwa he - anenge vazhinji varipo huripo iye zvino mhuka. Uye pakati pavo pane vaya vainzi kuti yakatotsakatika, asi ivo vapenyu uye kukuvara kubva pakadzika pemvura. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuna "Zvisaririra" neopilina kuti abatwa muna 1952 yePacific Ocean. Saka hatigoni kutaura chokwadi rudzii akanyangarika - ruzivo pamusoro wayo kutsakatika kunogona riite. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mumakore Jura clams vaiva hombe, uye ichi kunosimbiswa zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo. The pakukura, yakawanikwa kumaodzanyemba US, cephalopod chiratidzazvizhinji -. Three-mita Squid vagere gungwa makore mamiriyoni 325 akapfuura. Zvisinei, muna 2003 nemhenderekedzo Antarctica akabatwa Squid maviri nehafu mamita refu.

Kirasi Gastropods akasiyana nevamwe pakuti vamiririri vayo kugona nyika, uye nokuti ndiyo zhinji. Kusiyana bivalves uye cephalopods, hakuna hofori. Vamwe dzinopisa mhando vanogona kusvika kusvika 60 cm asi ruzhinji - imhuka duku vari 8-12 masendimita refu. Inonzi saka nokuda "makumbo", iro chaizvoizvo - kwete gumbo uye hunde pacharo. Vamwe gastropods vane singi, uye vamwe - "kupfeka". Vanotanga zvishoma nezvishoma, nokuderedza tsandanyama mutumbi uye makumbo; Vakaguta kazhinji iri chirimwa chikafu. In pano hozhwa pazasi musoro une muromo, uye pamusoro - vasanonoka tentacles, kumuromo kwematanda iyo vanoiswa "maziso". Zvomukati vari pasi nejasi.

Chiizve ndiyo boka inonakidza rezvisikwa dzakadai mhando dzemugungwa? Vamwe vavo (bivalves), kurarama chete mumvura miviri. Kudeuka mhuka mukirasi iyi tridacna: Vamwe specimens yairema makirogiramu 300. A maitiro chinoratidza kwakadai zvikuru simba tsandanyama, fastening deko mavharuvhu. The guru chiwanikwa zvikaramba kubva goko, rairema 6 makirogiramu. Zvinofadza kuti Black Sea Rapan yarova Sea Black ndiyo chete 30-remakore rechimakumi maviri, pakaberekwa chikepe Pacific. Aggressive wamakaro muenzi mumakore asingasviki 100 yokuderedza Vagari vemo mussels uye oysters, akaaisa vatarisana kutsakatika.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hapana gastropods kana bivalves havana njere. Zvisinei, izvozvo clam, sezvinoita octopus, kunokonzera involuntary kuremekedzwa. Mumiririri cephalopods zvakakwana amenable kukurovedza, ziva vanhu vanofudza, musiyano noruvara mavara nevazhinji, transmits mashoko kubva nomumwe munhu uye ndiye uropi, iyo kunodzivirira "protocherep" - rinokosha cartilaginous nevamwe. With zvose izvi octopus hombe anogona Svinai kupinda pakakoromoka ane pakukora mari! molluscs izvi zvinogona kuvaka misha: kubva magaba kana anoshongwa akafa vakaunganidza kuvaka kunyange kuvhura musuo!