Ungadyara sei nyanya pamichero pamusha?

Maererano nehutano hunhu, tomato ndiye mutungamiri pakati peimwe miriwo yemiriwo. Tomato inonyanya kuchenesa, saka inokura zvikuru kuburikidza nemichero. Wanawo kukohwa kwakanaka uye kumba, kana uchiziva kudyara nyanya pamichero.

Mbeu inzvimbo inokosha zvikuru mukurima tomate, iyo inotanga nekugadzirira kwe inoculum. Mbeu dzinobereka zvisina kufanira: izvi zvose zvinoenderana nehukuru hwavo, huwandu, kukura, maitiro, nhaka, etc. Saka, kudyara nyanya pamichero haisi kunze kwekugadzirira kunatsiridza kukura nekubudirira kwezvirimwa.

Mbeu kugadzirira

Kunyange ruzivo rwekudyara nyanya pamichero hazvizobatsiri kana mbeu idzi dzisina kunaka. Chisarudzo chavo chinhu chakakosha uye chinotarisirwa nguva. Mbeu dzekukohwa kwegore rapera hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa, hadzisi kupa chibereko chakanaka. Izvo zvinodikanwa kutenga marudzi akasiyana-siyana muzvinhu zvakakosha kana pamusika. Pashure pemakore mashomanana, zvichave zvichibvira kuziva kuti ndeupi wavo anobereka kukohwa kwakanakisisa.

Mbeu dzakanaka dzamatamatisi dzichawanikwa chete kubva pamiti yakanaka. Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanirwa kuvaronga, kubvisa zvisina chinhu, zviduku uye zvakakuvadza. Unogona kudururira mbeu nemvura yemunyu, kusanganisa zvakakwana uye kubvumira kumira kwemaminitsi mashanu, zvino bvisa yakatenderera kusvika kumusoro, uye usuke uri pasi ne mvura yakachena kakawanda uye uome. Mbeu dzemarudzi akasiyana siyana dzinofanira kuchengetwa zvakasiyana. Nokuda kweizvi, vanogona kuputirwa muzvidimbu zvejaize, vachiisa mukati meraira kubva ku sachet.

Mushure mokudaro mbeu inodzivirirwa. Kudzivisa zvirwere zvakadai sekenza yebhakitiriya uye vertex inowira, kunobatsira kuchengetedza mbeu kwemaminitsi makumi maviri nemaviri mu 0.8% solution ye acetic acid. Kudzivirira zvirwere zvehutachiona kunobatsirwa ne-imwechete yezana sarudzo ye potassium permanganate, umo mbeu yacho inotora kwemaminitsi makumi maviri nemakumi matatu nemashanu. Mushure meizvi, ivo vanofanira kushambidzwa nemvura inoyerera.

Kuti uwedzere kukura kwembeu, inofanira kupisa kwemaawa akawanda nemvura inopisa inopisa (unogona kushandisa bhotela ye thermos, uchikandira zvikwata mukati mayo). Mushure mokunge, mbeu yacho inosungirwa mumvura sacking kwemazuva maviri kusvika matatu pane kutonhora anenge anenge 25 ° C. Mbeu inodyarwa mbeu inomarara, ivhu rakaoma. Mushure mekugadzirira uku kunotanga kuonekwa shure kwemazuva maviri.

Kuchengetedza kuti mbeu dzinopesana nekudzikira kwakadzika, kuoma kunoshandiswa. Kuti uite izvi, mbeu dzinoputika dzinoiswa mufiriji kwemaawa 24-48. Kuti uwedzere zvibereko, unogona kudonha mbeu kwezuva mune imwe sarudzo ye ammonium nitrate (4%) kana sarudzo ye potassium munyu (2%). Chigumisiro chakanaka chinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuisa mbeu yacho mu 0.5% yaaqueous solution ye manganese sulphate ne zinc sulphate kwemaawa gumi nemaviri.

Nokugadzirisa, kukura kwekugadzirisa kunogona kushandiswa, kunomutsa mbeu dzezvirwere, kuvadzivisa, nekuvandudza kunakidza uye zvinokosha zvekudya zve fetus. Mbeu dzinobatwa kwemaawa masere pakushambidza kwe18 ° C. Shanduro yongosarudzwa chete inoshandiswa. Mushure mokugadzirwa, zvakakosha kuoma mbeu.

Kana zvakasara izvi zvisingawaniki, unogona kushandisa huni ash. Kuti uite izvi, mumamiriyoni mashanu emvura, iyo inotanga kupisa mukati mezuva, kuderedza mapepa gumi ehute. Panguva yemasikati, mhinduro yacho inofanira kukurudzirwa nguva nenguva (4-6 dzimwe nguva), wozoisa doro ndokudururira mumiti, imwe neimwe iyo inoderedza zvikanda zve gauze nembeu yegire rimwe kwemaawa matatu.

Kugadzirira kwevhu

Kudyara nyanya pamichero yakapa migumisiro yakanaka, unoda kugadzirira zvakanaka ivhu. Iyo substrate inofanira kuva nehumwe hunhu huno: chiedza chekugadzirwa kwemagetsi, mhepo uye unyoro kuperera, kusabatwa kwezvirwere uye masora, mishonga inokwana uye zvinhu zvakasikwa, kusununguka.

Zvimwe zvinokwanisika zvevhu kuitira mbeu

Nokuda kwekutanga, shandisa munda webindu, humus, mutsvuku kana peat (pe: 1: 1: 1). Wood ash yakawedzerwa (hafu-litita rimwe nerimwe mubhakanyi wevhu kusanganiswa), superphosphate (pamubhedha wevhu pamusoro pematambo maviri). Mukuwedzera, mvura inodiwa kuti inonyore musanganiswa.

Chisarudzo chechipiri - kutora munda webindu, wakasvibirira kana kuputika peat, uye humus inotsiviwa nerwizi rwejecha (zvose mune chimwe chinhu). Mineral fertilizer inowanikwa nenzira yeaqueous solution (20 g ye potassium sulphate, 10 g ye carbamide, 30 g ye superphosphate) inotorwa 10 litres emvura.

Kudyara mbatatisi pamichero pasina micheka kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa mapiritsi. Mbeu mbiri dzakasimwa mu peat pellet uye yakaita mamita 33-36 mm. Apo sarima ine midzi, inodyarwa muhafu-litita gomba.

Mbeu nyanya mumusha inogona kukura mumasanganiswa evhu akagadzirirwa akagadzirwa kubva muchitoro. Vatori vehana vanoita kuti ivhu rive nezvose zvinowedzera zvinodiwa uye zvinhu zvinobatsira.

Kukura miche

Usati wasima nyanya pamichero, kusanganiswa kwevhu kunofanira kusvibiswa uye kudururirwa mumudziyo. Nyika inosungirirwa uye yakanyonganiswa, ichiita mihombe yakadzika seyendimita imwe nechepamita pakati peiyo masendimita mashanu. Zvadaro mbeu inodonhedzwa mumumvuri uye inosaswa nevhu.

Pasi pevhu inofanira kunge yakanyoroveswa. Tare nemichero inofanira kuvharwa nefirimu uye kuisa panzvimbo yakajeka pane kutonhora kwete pasi pe 22 C. C. Mazuva mashanu gare gare, apo mavhenekeri aonekwa, iyo firimu inogona kubviswa, uye bhokisi rine michero inowanikwa munzvimbo ine kutsetseka kwakadzika (kusvika 15 ° C) ne4 -6 mazuva. Anenge vhiki imwe gare gare, apo inomera inosimba, kutonhora kunokwidzwa kusvika madigiri makumi maviri nemana masikati, uye kusvika kune digirii 12 usiku.

Mushure mokunge tomate ine mashizha maviri kana matatu, anodonhedzwa mumaphati akazadzwa nevhu rakavhenganiswa nevhu, rinosaswa ne potassium permanganate (10 gramu yemvura, 0.5 g ye manganese). Zvisina kusimba uye zvakakonzerwa nemiti yakasvibiswa. Nokukura kwekushanda kwemuitiro wekutanidza maitiro panguva yakasarudzwa, muzu mukuru unotorwa. Pikirovannuyu michero yakadiridza vhiki rese, kutarisa kwekuti pakati pekudiridza ivhu haina kuoma.

Kutarisira kwemiti

Mbeu dzinoda kudyiwa. Kwenguva yokutanga izvi zvinoitwa mazuva gumi mushure mekusarudza nemhinduro inotevera: 10 malita emvura, superphosphate - 30 g, urea - 4 g, potassium sulphate -10 g.Kugadzirira fertilizer kunogona kutengwa muchitoro.

Mushure memazuva gumi nemana masere, chikamu chechipiri chokudya chinoitwa. Mushure mokunge uchisimudza michero unoda mvura uye usunungure ivhu. Zvakakosha kuvimbisa kuti kudiridza kwezvirimwa hakusi kudarika: izvi zvinogona kukonzera chirwere kana kudyara rufu.

Lighting

Mukuwedzera, miche yakamera pamba inoda kumira zvakanaka. Kudzorera hakusi kushanda uye kushanda. Muchiitiko chekutanga, chinyorwa chekufungidzira chinowanikwa muhwindo rinotanga. Neyo nzira inoshanda, kujekesa kunopiwa nerubatsiro rwemwenje. Mazuva mashomanana ekutanga anodikanwa kumativi ose ekuvhenekera kweawa, nokuti tomate inoda chaizvo kujekesa.

Kunyunyuta kwakanaka ndiko chinhu chinodiwa kuti uwane unhu hwakanaka hwematata.

Nzira yakarurama sei yekudiridza mbeu?

Furai mbesa zvine mwero, pamutambo wekutanga, teaspoon yakakwana. Somugumisiro wekudiridza zvakanyanya, midzi isisina oxygen ichakurira zvakashata. Kunwisa kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kutarisa mamiriro okunze. Munguva inotonhora, kunwa nekudyisa kunowanzoitika nguva shoma, pazuva rezuva uye kupisa - kazhinji. Mvura inofanira kunwisa sezvinodiwa, kusabvumira ivhu kuti riome. Zviri nani kusashandisa mvura, asi iyo isina simba yekugadzirisa mineral fertilizer.

Mbeu nyanya yemuiti wekununura inofanira kuiswa muitiro wekuoma, iyo yakasimbisa kubhururuka. Zvadaro tomato inofanira kuendeswa kunzvimbo inopisa, iyo isingatsvaki, uye kumira imomo kwemavhiki mashoma nemahwindo akapfigwa. Kana pasina mahwindo, iwe unogona kubva pachoka pazarurirwa kwekanguva, wozosiya wasvinuka uye usiku kwevhiki. Mushure meizvi, mbeu dzakamera dzinogona kudyarwa muvhu.

Nzira yekuziva sei kukosha kwemichero?

Kururamisa mbeu yakagadzirwa nemashizha ane magirasi, mashizha akachengetedzwa asina ruvara rwemucheka uye mashizha. Chimiro chisina simba chinomuka zvishoma, asi chisingaiti nguva dzose chichirasira mbatya, ine chimiro chisina kujeka, chinokura zvakanaka uye chinokura.

Asi inofanira kufungwa kuti mbeu yacho inogona kukwira zvakare nokuti yakaidyarwa kune yakadzika kupfuura yakasara, uye shell haigoni kurasikirwa nekuda kwevhu risina kusimbiswa. Nokudaro, ivhu rinofanira kuenzaniswa uye mbeu inopfigwa nenzira imwechete - iyo inodonha ne capsule ichava chiratidzo chaicho chekuti kunaka kwembeu iri pasi, uye haugoni kutarisira kukohwa kwakanaka.

Mbeu yembeu

Dzai mazai maruva anonyanya kuve nyore, kana mumwe mudziyo ane mudziyo we 0.5 litera wakagadzirirwa michina mhuru. Rimwe rinoshamisa remidzi inogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekupindira mupfungwa.

Nzira dzekutora

Kune mhando miviri yeiyo agrotechnical nzira:
Kudyara kweimwe mbeu. Izvi zvinoita kuti mbeu yakasimba ive nemidzi yakanaka;
- Kudyara michero miviri mune imwe mudziyo. Miti inoguma ine miviri miviri. Nokuda kweizvi, iyo tsananguro yemiti, kana inosvika pakureba anenge masendimita makumi maviri nemashanu, inofanira kusimbiswa zvakasimba neshinda yenylon. Mushure mokunge maruva akura pamwe chete, tsvimbo inofanira kubviswa. Zvadaro nyora chidimbu chemuti usina simba. Iyi nzira yekukura inobatsira kuwedzera chibereko. Kushandisa iyo kakawanda pamhando dzakakura.

Nguva yekudyara mbeu?

Vazhinji vevarimi vari kunetseka pamusoro penyaya iyo paidyara miche tate muvhu uye kuti ingaratidza sei kuda kwayo? Yakagadzirira-ku-kudyara mbeu inenge yakasvibiswa isingadi kudarika 30 cm ne 6-7 mashizha. Uyewo mapfupi mahara uye bruki remaruva.

Kusvika munzvimbo yakazaruka kunofanira kuitwa kana kutyisirwa kwechando, kureva, pakupera kwaMay kana kutanga kweJune, kupfuura. Paunopindura mubvunzo iwoyo, kana uchidyara mbatatisi michero, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemamiriro ekunze mune izvo zvinoitika. Kuchengetedza mbeu, zvakakosha kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa. Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti kutonhora pasi pe15 ^° C kunogona kukanganisa kukura nekupenya.

Zvikanganiso mumichero inokura

Vazhinji vemizambiringa vanoziva kudyara nyanya pamichero, asi zvakadaro havakwanisi kushaya zvikanganiso. Kuderedza muhutano uye kubereka kunobatsira ku:
- nzvimbo yehurombo hwakanaka;
- kusvibiswa kwemamiriro ekushisa, kusasha kwechiedza, kudiridza kusina kunaka;
- kudyara utamatisi pamichero zvakare kare;
- kushandiswa kwemhando dzakasununguka kutambanudza;
- kusava nekuoma.

Iyo yakawanda yakasvibiswa ivhu, kujekesa kwakakwana uye kutonhora kwakanyanya kunotungamirira pakugadzirisa mbeu yakasimwa, kuchenesa nekusava nekubudirira kwenzira. Kusvibiswa kwekushisa nemvura zvinokonzera kudonha uye pokugara kwezvirimwa zvinomera, mashizha anova akaoma, maruva nemafuta zvinowira pasi.

Kudyara miche yematato

Iyo yakavharidzirwa kubva kumhepo, nzvimbo yakanaka uye yakatsvaira yakasimwa michero yemumba yakagadzirwa tomato. Nzira yekukurira sei kukohwa kwakanaka kwetamate kubva kumicheu yavo? Kuti uite izvi, unofanira kutevera mamwe mitemo.

Zvakatangira tomato zvinogona kutakura, kabichi, marumusi, karoti uye anyezi. Nzvimbo iyo pepper, mazamu, mbatatisi zvakakura, zvinogona kushandiswa kumamato matatu makore matatu gare gare.

Tomate haisi kunyanya kuomesa pamusoro pekubereka kwevhu, asi ichiri kushandiswa kushandisa chiedza, loamy kana sandy sandy loam.

Kuti kudyara mashizha, zvakakosha kugadzirira matsime nekudira mvura. Kudyara kwembeu yakasimba kunowanikwa pakona yakarurama. Mhando yakakura kana michero yakatambanudzwa yakasimwa paakona ye 45 °.

Ipapo iyo inofanira kunge ichizadzwa nevhu, yakagadzirwa uye inwisa. Pedyo nehutu unofanirwa kubatisisa mbambo senotsigiro yemuti.

Pakati pemitsara imwe nguva inenge 70 cm inoshandiswa, pakati pemiti - 30-40 cm.

Kukurira tomato kumba hakusi nyore, asi zvinogoneka. Panocherechedza mitemo yekudyara, kunyange varimi vasina ruzivo vanozokwanisa kukohwa chibage chakaisvonaka. Uye izvi zvichabatsira ruzivo nezvekudyara nyanya pamichero.