Anturium Andre: kutarisira, tsanangudzo, mifananidzo

Anthurium André inzvimbo yakanaka yekuvaka imba, inodiwa nevazhinji vanoridza florist, kusimbisa kubatana kwekushongedza kwekugara, kuunza mukati meimba chinyorwa chenyaradzo, ruvara rwezvakanaka uye mavara akajeka. Munzvimbo yakasikwa, mumiriri wemhuri yeAroid inowanikwa munzvimbo inopisa ye South and Central America. Anthurium maruva chiratidzo chekushinga, rusununguko, chido uye inowanzonzi "murume mufaro". Zita racho rakapiwa kuvanhurium muna 1877 mukukudza kwechizivikanwi chechiFrench wezvakasikwa uye bhodanhau Edward Andre neruoko rworuzivo rweBelgian J. Linden.

Nhoroondo yakanaka pamusoro pemaruva vanhurium

Nyaya yezvakabva pamaruva aya akanaka, ayo akafunga kuti akachinja musikana akanaka, akanaka. Nhau iyi yakaitika munguva yekare, apo vanhu vaivepo nemadzinza, vachitungamirirwa neumwe wavo waiva mutungamiriri ane utsinye, ane ropa. Akaronga kuroorwa nemusikana ane makore gumi nemashanu-anogara mumunharaunda. Asi mutongi asingakanganisi haana kufarira runako rwechidiki, uye akamuramba. Kuti atsivire, mutungamiri akarwisa musha waiva musikana wacho uye akautora nechisimba. Mwenga aisagona kuyananirana nehupenyu asina hama nehama, ane mutongi ane utsinye, uye akamhanyira kumoto, akarambana mukukudza kwemuchato. Asati asvika pamoto, sezvo vanamwari vasina tsitsi vakashandura chisikwa chisingafadzi kupinda musango unoshamisa we anturium yekundu, uye musha unoenda kunzvimbo inopisa inopisa. VaColombia vanofunga kuti ndiyo vanhu vvuku vanhu vanounza kubudirira uye mufaro kumhuri, ndicho chikonzero vakaroorana vanoroorana vachikomba dzimba dzavo nemaruva aya uye vanozvichengetedza mumakamuri emuchato kwemwedzi. Nokudaro, chiratidzo chehusiku hunofungidzirwa kuva Anthurium. Mifananidzo yemaruva inotaridza zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa zvemuti uyu wakanaka uye unozivikanwa.

Tsanangudzo yeAnturium Andre

Kunze Anthurium Andre, kutarisira kumba hausi kunyanya kuoma, kukwana zvakakwana uye kunosvika pakureba kwema 70-90 cm.Iyo inoratidzirwa nechepfupi shoma nemidzi yakawanda, kusanganisira mweya. Nekuchengetedza, chipfuwo chemukati chichanakidzwa nekuputika gore rose, chikamu chayo chakasiyana zvikuru uye chinokwezva: machungwa, chitubu, chichena, chivaravara, chinopenya, chine tsvuku. Vabatsiri vakatobudisa zvinyorwa nemaviri-mavara uye zvinenge zvitsvuku bracts - chikamu chinokosha cheruva. Girazi rakaoma reAnturium Andre ane chimiro chakafanana nemoyo, kazhinji chinoputika, nemaketani anotsanangurwa zvakanaka pamusoro. Inflorescence - nzeve (chikamu chechipiri chemaruva), kazhinji kachena kana kuti tsvuku, yakareba yakareba masendimita gumi nemashanu. Mashizha emurume akanaka chaizvo akareba (anenge masendimita 30), akajeka, akachena, ane tsanangudzo yakajeka yakafanana nemoyo. Ikura parefu petioles, iyo inenge inenge ichienzaniswa nemashizha emashizha.

Chiedza chakanaka - chinhu chikuru chekukura kubudirira kwevanhurium

Chinokosha pakukura nekubudirira kweAnturium Andre ndiyo nzvimbo yayo: zvakakosha kuti simiti ipe chiedza chakajeka kana penumira yakachena; Kumabvazuva, kumadokero uye kumaodzanyemba mahwindo zvakakosha. Kusina kujekesa kunofanira kuzadzikiswa zvizere, uchishandisa phytolamps.

Iyo yakanyanya kutonhorera yevanhurium André iri 22-25 ^o C kupisa, pa450 ^o C uye pasi pemaruva inomira mukukura. Muchando, zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhurium ichengeterwe munzvimbo inotonhorera, kudzivisa kuisa pedyo neine kupisa zvishandiso.

Zvikamu zvekudiridza

Anturium Andre anoda nguva dzose kudiridza kukuru, asi pasina kuwedzera: iyo yakakwirira yevhu inodiwa inopa nguva yekuoma. Kupisa kwakanyanyisa kunogona kukonzera kuora kwerhizome, uye kushayikwa kwayo - kushayikwa kwemavara uye mashizha anoputika. Iyo yakanakisisa yekusimudzira hutongi hwevhu - mazuva ose mana, mvura yekudiridza inofanira kunge iri nyore, firiji yekamuri. Mumwaka wechando, kugovera kwehuturi kunofanira kuderedzwa kamwechete pavhiki, asi uchidzivirira kuomeswa kwekwenyika. Chimwe chinhu chinokosha mukubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwemuti kune hurefu hwemhepo: 85-95%. Kuchengetedza kuti zvinokurudzirwa kuisa humidifiersi yemhepo pedyo negiyo nemiti kana kaviri pazuva kuti ipfure mhepo yakapoteredza vanhurium kubva pecray. Uye kunwa mvura pamashizha hakusi kunakidza, nokuti vacharamba vachena machena. Uye izvi zvingangoita kuti zviparadze kuonekwa kwekuvakirwa kwakanaka kwemaimba, se anturium. Mifananidzo yemaruva inoratidza kunaka kwemuenzi wekutsvaga anotya uyo ave akajaira mamiriro matsva kwaari.

Anthurium in cutting

Kune maruva, maruva emhuka yemhuka anogurwa apo ruvara rwevhavha rinovhurwa, apo cob iri mu staminate stage (ndiko kuti, yakafukidzwa nemapenene), uye chikamu chepamusoro che pedicel chakasimba uye chakasimba. Maruva akachekwa panguva yevanhurium maruva anoramba achitsva kwemavhiki mashanu, kana yapfuura, anopera mumazuva mashoma.

Kudyara kwezvirimwa kunowanikwa nemumumanyorera ye orchids kana yepasi rose yemaminera uye nitrogen-ine mazvigadzirwa kwemavhiki maviri maviri, kunyanya chaiwo asati atanga maruva. Muchando, muti unoda kuzorora.

Nzira yekutsvaga Anthurium

Kudyarwa kwezvirimwa zviduku kunoitwa gore rose, mumudziyo unorema. Zviyero zvevanhu vakuru zvinoshandiswa panguva apo chimiro chave chazara mumvura yekare. Ivhu revanhurium rinofanira kunge riine chiedza, rinopa utano, rinopa hutano hwemhepo kumidzi; Yakakodzerwa kupfuura orchids kana bromeliads. Kuzvimiririra ivhu revanhurium rinokwanisa kugadzirwa kubva peat, mashizha uye coniferous pasi. Kutsigira unyoro kubva kumusoro, zvinokurudzirwa kuisa sphagnum moss.

Kubereka

Anthurium Andre anochera vana vanotevera, vachiparadzanisa miti yakakura, apical cuttings nembeu - nzira pane kushandiswa kwebasa uye kwete kunyanya kudiwa nevaflorist. Kudyara kunodiwa kuti zviitwe 3-5 mushure mokutora mbeu yezvirimwa, izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa nekushamba kwemaruva nebhurosi mumazuva okutanga emaruva. Ipapo iwe unofanira kumirira kuumbwa nekuibva kwejikiji inoumbwa munzeve. Inokurudzirwa kuchengetedza zvirimwa pakushambidzika kwe +22 ^o C. Kuwedzera kwemafuro kunoitika mukati memavhiki maviri. Mushure memwedzi mitatu, mbeu dziri muchikamu chemaji ino dzinoda kusarudza. Nekuuya kwema 5-6 mashizha, michero mitsva inogona kudyarwa muhari dzakasiyana. Anthuriums, yakakura kubva kumbeu, inofadza nekushambadzira kwegore rechitatu chete.

Nzira iri nyore ndeyekuberekorora nemaitiro ekupedzisira. Iyi nzira inowanzoitwa panguva yekufambisa. Iko kupatsanurwa kunofanirwa kuitwa nevha nebako rakapinza, uye nzvimbo dzakatemwa dzinofanira kunge dziine pfupa nehairi yakarohwa. Mushure mekugara, vechidiki vanhurium vanofanira kunwa mvura. Chidimbu chesimbe ine mudzi wemhepo uye jasi rinokurumidza kusimba.

Miti yacho inofanira kudyarwa mune zviduku zviduku necheriri rakanaka remvura (1/4 yehuwandu hwetangi rekutsika). Kuti uise mweya mukati memadziro ehari yacho, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uite mapako maduku.

Zvirwere nezvirwere

Pazvipembenene Anthurium zvikuru inopinza nhoo uye mites. Kubudirira kunze kwesero sap, zvinobatsira pakuoma uye kuwira mashizha. Kuti kubvisa zvipembenene zvakadaro zvakaoma zvakakwana, saka zvinokurudzirwa kushandiswa matanho ekudzivirira, nguva dzose kuchenesa mbeu iri pasi pemvura inopisa uye kupukuta mashizha mapepa ane sipon soapy. Zvadaro vanhurium inofanira kurapwa ne 0.15% yehuwandu hwechirwere "Actellik" (1.5 malita emvura inofanira kudiridzwa mumvura imwechete). Imwe njodzi yeAnturium Andre ndiyo mealybugs, inogadzirisa pane zvose zviri kumusoro pamusoro pemiti yemuti. Munyaya iyi, kurapwa ne "Carbophos" kuchabatsira.

Anthurium Andre inowanzobatwa nehutema uye hutori hunokonzerwa nehutoro hwekushisa uye mvura inogadzirwa nevhu. Dzimwe nguva simiti inogona kutambura kubva kune anthracnose: miganhu yemashizha emvura inomesa, uye mugari wepanyama anenge achifa zvishoma nezvishoma. Mashizha akakuvara anofanira kubviswa, uye muti unobatwa kakawanda ne 0.2% solution ye "Learnzol", kana kuti 0.5% nehuwandu hwe "Chloroksi Copper". Kurwisana nechirwere chakadaro kwakaoma zvakakwana, saka zviri nani kuti urege kuzviita, kutora matanho ekudzivirira. Kuwedzerwa kwemakisikiti muvhu kucharatidza kushandiswa kwemashizha, kusviba kwemazano avo.

Vavengi veAnturium Andre vane downy mildew uye mafungu, kazhinji anotsamwiswa nekubatana nemiti inotapukirwa kana kutapurirwa kuburikidza nevhu.

Anturium Andre: marudzi

• Arizona. Chiedza chakajeka chemashizha ane ruzivo ane mitsipa yakasviba uye cobhi-tsvuku.
• Anturium Andre Champion. Inoshandiswa nehombodo-tsvuku uye michena, ine zviduku zvepiniki "coverlet".
• Florida. Girazi "girazi" rinozivikanwa nekurira hues: kubva pakutsvuka kusvika kune tsvuku, uye-kusvika kune yakasvibirira. Greenish, white, yellow cobs.
• Polaris. Bhuku rino ruvara, zvishoma nezvishoma kushanduka muvara kune mutsvuku, cob - pinkish.
• Minnesota. Girasi-chena cob uye "coverlet" yemuvara wearimoni.
• Acropolis. Anthurium Andre mutsvuku, ane ruvara rwuri ruvara, mashizha makuru uye masikati machena.
• Lunette. Bhitshi bhendi bhenje uye bhandi-tsvuku tsvuku bhii;
• Otazu. Anthurium Andre red.
• Casino. Inoshandiswa nehizha bhute rekujeka ruvara rweruvara uye cob tsvuku-tsvuku.
• Sensa. "Chifukidziro" chilac, chakakomberedzwa nehomwe yepepuru yakasviba.
• Kuba. Muchena-ruvara "chifukidziro" chinopesana zvakajeka nekanyoro kemucheka-ruvara.

Anthurium Andre (zvinosanganiswa nemhando uye mumvuri) zvinowanzoshandiswa nevarimi kuti vagadzire zvakanakisisa mumhanzi. Uye kwete chete maruva emiti yacho anoshandiswa, asiwo mashizha awo: juicy-ruvara uye anotsanangura.