1 Nicholas nadzurudzo

Ushe Nicholas 1 akatanga kudzvinyirira pamusoro yemuna pakati Decembrists muna 1825, musi 14 December. Ushe yakapera munguva Crimean War, munguva kudzivirira Sevastopol muna 1855, muna February.

Zvese zvehurumende Mykola 1 vakatsvaka kumisa kunonyanyisa basa, achipa sechivako "kwokugamuchirwa uye kuwirirana."

Sezvo panzvimbo yokutanga, mambo akaona nokusimbaradza ari bureaucratic mapurisa dhipatimendi. 1 Nicholas nadzurudzo munzvimbo iyi vaiva kundorwa echimurenga sangano, kusimbisa autocratic murayiro. Achipa avo pfungwa mambo ndaona kupindirana Implementation pamusoro emuchiuto, centralization uye bureaucratization. Kuchinja Nicholas 1, muna pfupi, vakabatsira kuti paumbwe wemaoresa hurongwa nzwisisika mamiriro Kupindira iri tsika, upfumi, magariro uye enyika upenyu munyika.

Panguva iyo mambo akatsvaka pachake kudzora marudzi ose paruzhinji kutarisira uyewo pfungwa mumaoko dzavo mhinduro uye voga, uye voruzhinji nyaya, pasina nezvokupindira kuMudzidzisi madhipatimendi uye neshumiro. Panyaya iyi, isu takasikirwa dzakawanda chakavanzika makomisheni uye makomiti kuti akakwanisa zvakananga mubati uye kazhinji yatsiviwa ushumiri.

Kuchinja Nicholas 1 zvakakanganisa hofisi. Kuparidzira, sangano iri rakanga kuratidzwa hurumende monarchical simba.

Zvikuru yaiva bhuku pyatnadtsatitomnogo "mitemo" muna 1832. mitemo Russian rave akarayira, ivo absolutism yacho yakanga yakasimba uye yakajeka pamutemo uye pamutemo framework. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina vakatevera kuchinjwa kana mune zvematongerwo enyika kana kuti mumagakava maumbirwo feudal Russia.

Nicholas akabata nadzurudzo 1 Chechitatu Branch of Rava Office. Under Kutarisira ake, zvakatanga gendarmerie Corps. Somugumisiro, nyika yose (kunze Caucasus nharaunda, kuti Don Cossacks, Finland, uye Poland) rikakamurwa mashanu, zvino maruwa sere pasi kudzorwa gendarmerie vemauto.

Nokudaro, Third Division akanga kunoudza Kesari pamusoro kuchangotanga kuchinja kwemafungiro evanhu. Uyezve, mabasa wamasangano raisanganisira odhita ari mamiriro ezvinhu omunzvimbo uye nechepakati yaitonga, kuonekwa uori uye nehanya, vaishungurudza vanounzwa kururamisira, uye zvichingodaro.

The chikuru ngozi "kuparadzana" uye "vakasununguka-mafungiro" akarara mumunda kudhinda uye dzidzo. Saka ndakafunga Nikolay 1. Kuchinjwa mune dzidzo akatanga pamukwidzwa chigaro namambo. Mambo akatenda kuti kumukira Decembrists nemhaka "yedzidzo venhema."

Saka, kuitwa pakati serfs mu Africa uye zvikoro girama rakarambidzwa kubvira 1827. Muna 1828, ivo "Charter of Schools" yakabudiswa, uye muna 1835 - "University Charter".

1 Nicholas nadzurudzo kunooneka kusenza. Muna 1828 mitemo itsva dzakanga dzatangwa. Ivo zvirokwazvo kurigamuchira kare wokurera, asi yaisanganisira vazhinji zvausingakwanisi uye kurambidzwa. 1 Nicholas vaiona rwisana nhau imwe huru mabasa. Kubvira ndokudzokera rakarambidzwa chinyorwa yemagazini zhinji.

In chechipiri kota remakore rechi19, yakatsviriridza yacho murimi mudiki mubvunzo munyika. Nicholas 1 kudzorwa mamiriro musha. Zvisinei, kuchinja kunge zvikuru nharo. Chokwadi, pane rumwe rutivi akatsigira Entrepreneurship, rakabudirira chikamu musha. Zvisinei, pamwe zvakawedzera mutoro uyu mitero. Somugumisiro, kuchinja mamiriro Vagari vomumusha vakabvuma vakawanda chimurenga.

Munguva kubva 1839 zvakanzi kuitwa musi 1843 mari isati izvo kwakaguma chikwereti Ruble, waiva akaenzana imwe Ruble sirivha yakanga vanotenderwa. Kushandurwa Izvi zvakasimbisa mari nemamiriro nyika.

Mumakore okupedzisira okutonga vakararama vamambo vakadaidzwa "isingafadzi wechinomwe gore." Hurumende panguva iyoyo akatora matanho kumisa kutaurirana wokuRussia uye Western vanhu. Kupinda Russian vatorwa, uyewo mbudo kubva Russian chaizvoizvo kurambidzwa (kunze akabvumirwa nehurumende).