Inowanzorimwa polecat: Photo uye tsananguro, maitiro, kubereka. Sei inowanzorimwa polecat kuchitaurwa muna Red Book?

Ndiani inowanzorimwa polecat? Izvi pikicha shamisa mbava mhuka anokwanisa itye kwazvo noutsinye mwoyo. About ferrets anoenda yakawanda ngano - vanoti, vane utsinye makororo henhouses. Asi zvikara duku akaberekwa ari muutapwa - uye kwete mbava mapurazi fur kwavo. Vakatora imwe nzvimbo sezvo imbwa nekatsi. kuwedzera vanhu vari akatunhidzwa navo sezvo tamba rwakadzama dzinovaraidza. In Medieval Europe ferrets vairidza basa katsi duku iyoyo. Vanobata nembeva matura, nokusika kunyaradzwa. It akadana dzaichengetwa Ferret ferrets kana furo. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti ichi chinhu chinokosha subspecies dzomusango Albino mhuka. Sezvineiwo, yakakurumbira kupenda kubudikidza Leonardo Da Vinci kuti "Lady ine Ermine" akanaka musikana chinobatanidza Ferret iri. Asi munyaya ino hatisi kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro ferrets sezvo pamusoro hama dzaro dzomusango vanogara musango uye inowanzorimwa.

mhuri Large Mustelidae

In nesayenzi kupatsanura inonzi inowanzorimwa polecat Mustela eversmanni. Ndezvenguva mhuri mustelids. Izvozvo distantly ukama mhuka dziri weasels, mink, solongoi, vakurukuri, uye, chaizvoizvo, Martens. Uyu duku Mbeswa mhuka ndohwaJehovha genus pamusoro weasels uye ferrets. In shoko yechipiri muzita esayenzi mhuka - eversmanni - zvipo kune Russian wemhuka E. A. Eversmanu (1794-1860), uyo akarondedzera ichi mhuka. The dzepedyo nevoukama aivamo inowanzorimwa matanda (Mustela putorius) uye dema dzakaparadzana (Mustela nigripes) Hori, uye Ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Vanogona zvisangane nemumwe uye zvinopa zvimwe mwana. Munhu ane VaNefirimu vakawanda hwokurara: somuenzaniso, polecat-mink dzemasanganiswa, zvichiguma kubva Kubatanidzwa mink. Kunyange zvazvo marudzi ose ferrets vane nzvimbo yakasiyana, vanokurumidza ajairane ezvinhu matsva. Saka, dondo ferrets vakaunzwa kuna New Zealand hwokubata kukura vanhu makonzo. Somugumisiro, zvikara maduku-akaderedzwa zvino kutya zvemo fauna of chacho.

Habitat ferrets

Miti All vatatu mune Eurasia, North America uye kuchamhembe-kumadokero Africa, apo, sezvo masayendisiti anodavira, dzaichengetwa uye furo. MuRussia, rinogarwa dondo (kwasviba) uye uswa (chiedza) Hori. Kunyange ruvara haisi huru zvakakurumbira mhando. Pakati ferrets vachivhura zviitiko albinism, sezvo vanogona kuva rima kana ermine suit. Nokuti marudzi ose emandiriri unhu "chifukidzo" kumeso. Inowanzorimwa polecat anogara akazaruka nzvimbo China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan uye Central Asia, kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, Eastern uye Central Europe. It haambotauri masango, makomo, misha. Anoda neyamapani inowanzorimwa, semidesert, matanda. Forest wake ishamwari nekusiyana, inowanikwa musango uye masango. Black dzakaparadzana Ferret dzinogarisana - Masango North America. Dzaichengetwa zvuru zviviri apfuura muAfrica kana Iberian Peninsula furo ane asiri nehasha uye munyoro zviriko haagoni zvokudya pachavo dzomusango.

Ferret inowanzorimwa: ndezverudzii tsananguro

Izvi - kupfuura mhuka dzose mhuka marudzi. Adult male muviri kureba 56 masendimita, uye uremu - makirogiramu maviri. Panguva iyo mhuka rakanyatsojeka hunoshamisa (18 cm) muswe, yaakanga panjodzi raspushivaet. Guard vhudzi marefu, asi isingawanzowanikwi. Nemhaka iyi inoti, chiedza chinooneka uye batana underfur. Dark "chifukidzo" kumativi maziso ndizvo zvose zvamarudzi Mustela, asi ari inowanzorimwa Ferret izvozvo zvakajeka, kubva akapfeka musoro chena. The Tabs uye muswe (kana muromo) rima. Animal zvinofamba kusvetuka. Inowanzorimwa polecat, mufananidzo inova "achidanidzira kadhi" mamwe marudzi "Mask pamusoro Zorro" preys muvhu squirrels, hamsters, pikas nezvimwe nemakonzo. Usazeza kuitora uye mhashu hombe. Vanoparadza matendere zvevhu shiri. In ake kudya inosanganisirawo matatya, madzvinyu, runenge - nyoka. Vanhu vaigara menzizi madhamu vanoratidza kwazvo kushambira unyanzvi. Ipapo kuva zvokudya uye mvura voles.

Kuwanda zvipenyu pamusoro munharaunda Russia

Iri inowanzorimwa uye masango inowanzorimwa yeEuropean chikamu Russian Federation rinoparadzirwa munhu subspecies ari kumadokero chiedza Ferret. In kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, kuti Zeya-Bureya Plain uye Amur nharaunda akawanikwa zvinokosha chaizvo biotype. The Vagari chiedza ichi polecat shrunk kuna wakakunzwa zvikuru muna mashanu remakore rapfuura. Kunyanya - nokuda dzisingadzorwi kugadzirwa furs uye rutapudzo nzvimbo rwokuzvarwa dzinogarisana. Kudivi rimwe, vasanyanye sango nharaunda iri Amur-Zeya nharaunda pakati chokuwedzera nzvimbo inowanzorimwa polecat, asi Ukuwo, kukura idzi kuti zvokurima vangangokukuvadza kupona subspecies. Nechekare ari sixties, mhuka iyi chaizvo chisingawanzoitika Stavan aivhima. Munguva 70s akanga asangana chose gore uye pedyo Amur River chete. Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti vanhu rwerudyi Bank (China) kuwira Russian Federation. Pasinei chokwadi kuti zvino kuSiberia inowanzorimwa polecat mu Red muBhuku Russia, vagari vemo yave zvishoma nezvishoma kuderera.

Tsika yacho inowanzorimwa polecat

Mostly mhuka ine oga mararamiro. Dzimwe nguva, nokuwedzera vemo zvishoma nzvimbo, anogona kuumba masumbu. Zvadaro, muna boka mhuka vakatanga muitiro kuvaka maitiro aifarira kuva nevamwe akanyatsorongwa, kuzviisa pasi uye kutonga. Inowanzorimwa polecats kazhinji zvakabatanidzwa "mhosva" zvakaitwa makava, weasels uye Martens. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye - mhuka chinobatsira nekuti zvinoparadza, kana pane, anodzora nhamba nemakonzo. Long uye dzakaonda muviri chiedza polecat kunomubatsira pinda chakaurawa yake burrow. Dzimwe nguva anoshandisa kwavari mudzimba dzavo. Kunyange zvazvo zvisikwa akapa inowanzorimwa polecat makumbo tsandanyama pamwe simba nenzara, burrow nayo anochera kushoma. Dzimwe mhuka anoviga zvokudya ramangwana kushandiswa nguva yenzara, asi kazhinji vanokanganwa nezve "stashes" izvi. Natural vavengi inowanzorimwa polecats ndivo magora uye makava. In pakaita mhuka anoshandisa mumasero smelly uye kunzwa chakavanzika mumagaro iyo muchadya ari muvengi.

kubereka

Munyika sokubika mapoto inowanzorimwa polecat uye kazhinji interbreed. Naizvozvo, vanhu vakawana uye dema (kwasviba) mhuka. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba okutodza zviviri marudzi akasiyana: matatu namasere vagari steppes, makumi mana - kubva dondo vanogara. Inowanzorimwa polecat kunze maberekero mwaka akaramba voga, asi ndima yavo asingaiti tara uye haadziviriri. Kana vaviri mumwe mukomana vanhu kusangana utsinye kune mumwe, ivo usabudisa. Asi varume murwire munhukadzi, utsinye kuruma nokupopota zvikuru. Ladies pamusoro mhando zvishoma kupfuura Cavaliers, asi avo kurema zviri nyore kusvika nehafu: makirogiramu maviri ne 1,200. Nhunzvi pakuberekwa richikura uye kushongedza zvisiri makomba, tichigadzira uswa yavo, minhenga, Zvinhu Zvisina Basa. Zvishoma kacho, vakachera pachavo kumusha. Anogona kusarudza vanounganidza kana buri yakaderera-nhema mhango muti. Baba anotora chikamu vari kukura vana. Kana wechiduku nechikonzero kufa, hadzi anogona interbreed zvakare pashure manomwe - mazuva maviri. Kunyange Kazhinji maberekero mwaka inotanga mukupera yechando.

kubereka

mwedzi mumwe nehafu pashure kuberekesana, hadzi anobereka pakati mana gumi (kashoma nemashanu) kupfeka, mapofu uye zvachose ndisingaite pups. Meso muduku wakavhurika chete mwedzi mumwe. Inowanzorimwa polecat - mubereki chaizvo hanya. The hadzi haaregi vana kusvikira vachagara wana mbava. The baba rinounza musikana vake zvokudya. The hadzi Manesi pups mukaka inenge mitatu. Asi kunyange akanga apfuura, aine makore masere mavhiki, wechiduku mudzidzi anofanira kutsvaka zvokudya. Kana lactation nguva kwapera, vaduku parara kundotsvaka kunharaunda yayo. Chipotera zvaitika pakupera kwegore upenyu rokutanga. Muna zviviri kana katatu pagore, hadzi pamuviri anogona kuitika.

upenyu anotarisirwa

Haiwa, asi Ferret zvakasikwa, zvisinei mhando, anogara neavhareji matatu nemana. High kufa muna vana (dzimwe nguva akauraya yose nemarara), vazhinji dzinongoitika vavengi, kuti aienda pokugara nokuda kwemiti uye kurima pamusoro steppes uye mafuro, kuderedza vanhu. Uyewo, ferrets vari kubatwa nezvirwere chekorera. Vanofa kubva denda frugivores, chimbwamupengo, skryabingileza. In pakutapwa, zvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye zvakafanira wemhuka hanya, ferrets kurarama masere, makore anenge gumi.

European polecat

mhuka iyi ane zvasviba mbava kupfuura vamwe inowanzorimwa. Sezvatotaurwa, nhamba okutodza dzakasiyana chokuita mhando, izvo hakutadzisi kuti kusika VaNefirimu nemumwe, uyewo mink uye vakurukuri. Externally polecat ikoko, kunyange zviduku, asi kusiyana. Ndiye maduku uye ichiyevedza. mukono muviri kureba - kusvika masendimita mashanu, muswe - gumi cm uye uremu - chete hafu kilogram. dehenya rake hakusi rinorema sapamazuva inowanzorimwa polecat, uye shure kutenderera kwete compressed zvikuru. Nzeve kumativi ake, diki. European polecat inogarwa ainyanya Europe. MuRussia, yakawana kusvikira Urals. Anogara, dzakadai zita rinoratidza, musango uye kunyange zviduku neyemiorivhi. Mbava Ruvara mhuka iri shava, asi muswe, makumbo, mutsipa uye muchipfuva - anenge vatema. Zvokudya iri inowanzorimwa uye dondo ferrets zvakafanana - Muridae nemakonzo, toads, matatya, mazai uye vechiduku shiri. Anogona kudya chinorura uye leverets. Forest polecat zvakare haadi kuti burrow, vachisarudza havo kukwereta womumwe.

Black dzakaparadzana Ferret

Izvi - zviduku kwemarudzi Mustela mhuri. Zvinonzi akaparadzirwa North America - muCanada neUnited States. The muviri kureba mhuka - yose masendimita makumi mana nemashanu, uye uremu - zvishoma kupfuura kilogram. Black dzakaparadzana Ferret mbava akanaka pakutarisika: mujinga chena, uye pamusoro mazano bvudzi zvishoma nezvishoma anodzima. ruvara Izvi zvinopa zvinonakisa yellowish mhuka inobereka mbava-. Nokuda dema dzakaparadzana Ferret mbava aiva pakati pangozi. Sezvineiwo, vanhu vakarega munguva kubudikidza kuparadzwa mhuka inobereka mbava-. American polecat zvaisanganisira Dzvuku Book of United States. Asi kusvikira 1996 marudzi mhenyu chete muutapwa. Zvino vakatanga kubereka inongoitika dzinogarisana. Panguva ino, pane vanhu vanenge vatanhatu. American dema dzakaparadzana Ferret anodya kunyanya marmots, vasinganyari pokugara burrows that dzavo. Kuti vararame, mhuri inofanira kuva Blackfeet ferrets kudya nemakonzo, maviri namakumi mashanu pagore, saka vanorarama pedo nesumbu ake mutambo.

Ferret, kana furo

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Mustela putorius furo akabviswa rima dondo polecat. Vane imwe nhamba okutodza, vanopa mumwe zvikuru utano uye kukwanisa vaberekane mwana. Asi domestication kazhinji wakatora mhuka Albino. Naizvozvo, nokuti furo akaomerera rimwe zita - chena Ferret. Kwete munhu wose anoda tsvuku maziso uye murombo utano albinos. Kuti usimbise dzimwe nguva ferrets vayambuka mhuka dondo nehama pamwe, saka Ruvara mbava mune zvipfuwo vanogona siyana: Sable, parera, yellow, yendarama. Level yenjere, ndivo pedyo nekatsi. Asi havapinduri chete zita remadunhurirwa rokuti, asi akakwanisa kufamba pamusoro leash uye kuita mirayiro siyana sembwa. Young ferrets vane tamba chaizvo uye Mobile. The mhuka akanyanya kuomerera tenzi wake, tichivimba vamwe vanhu.

Ferret Care

Breeders kazhinji vimbisa zvinogona vatengi furo kuti vanotarisira mhuka duku vanoda zvishoma nekuti ferrets vari omnivorous. Izvi hazvisi chokwadi. Chokwadi ndechokuti ferrets uye Ferret kusanganisira, muri unosungira carnivores. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvokudya zvavo zvingava mhuka kuti akafanana kwavari kukura. Musango, ferrets havadyi nyama uye nyama yenguruve. Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti muridzi Ferret vanofanira kubata gophers zvokudya dzinovaraidza wako. Ferrets vanogamuchira kuti yehuku uye netsuro. Kubva nguva nenguva zvinoita kuti kupa veal, gwayana uye offal. With hove vanofanira kungwarira. Ferrets vanogona chete seflounder, Jack mackerel, haddock, mackerel, cod uye Rainbow. Muridzi furo (Albino kunyanya) inofanira rokufungwa uye utano hwako Pet. Kuwedzera chimbwamupengo uye distemper, panewo zvakananga chirwere ferrets. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemavhairasi plasmacytosis (Aleutian chirwere), uye insulinoma hyperestrogenism. Ferrets tiri utachiwana yokuSpain kwevanhu.