Iron ore, kukohwa kwayo uye kushandiswa

Iron ore inokosha mineral mapangamuro, kusanganisira simbi, pamwe chete nemashizha ayo. Ore inonzi insimbi kana ine chinhu ichi muhuwandu hwakawanda kuti iwane mari inobatsira kubvisa.

Mhando yakakura yesimbi inonzi magnetic iron ore. Inenge 70% ye oxide uye ferrous oxide. Iyi ore ine ruvara rwemutsvuku kana ruchena. Magnetic iron ore munharaunda yeRussia inodhindwa muUals. Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadzika dzeMagnetic, High, Grace uye Kachkanar makomo. Panharaunda yeSweden, anowanikwa munzvimbo yeFunun, Dannemore naGellivar. MuU.SA ndiPennsylvania, uye muNorway - Arendal naPerberg.

Mune furere metallurgy iron iron ore zvakagadzirwa kuva zvitatu:

- Yakaparadzaniswa nedare resimbi (yakaderera iron yakagadzikana);

- sinter ore (pamwe nehuwandu hwehuta hwehutano);

- pellets (yakasvibira iron-ine masasa).

Morphological types

Vafumi vanofungidzirwa kuti mari yakadaro yesimbi, iyo inosvika 57% yesimbi iyo yakagadzirwa. Mafuta mashoma anosanganisira izvo zvinenge 26% zvesimbi. Masayendisiti akaparadzanisa iron iron muna maviri morphological types: linear uye planar.

Nzira yesimbi inoratidzika kune imwe nhengo isimbi inenge yakave yakagadzirwa mumakumbo ekukomba uye pasi zvikanganiso. Mhando iyi inonyanya kukwirira yehuni (kubva pa50 kusvika ku69%), asi sulfuri uye phosphorus mune yakadaro iri mune zvishoma.

Ploskoopodobnye inowanikwa inowanikwa pamisoro yezvigadziko zve quartzite, iyo inomiririra kufanana kwemazuva ekukanda.

Iron ore. Kushandisa uye kuwedzera

Pfuma yakawanda yesimbi inoshandiswa kubudisa simbi yakagadzirwa uye inonyanya kuenda kunopisa mukati mekushandura uye kuvira kwechoto chekutsvaira kana zvakananga kupera kwesimbi. Chinhu chiduku chinoshandiswa sechinhu chepanyama chaiyo (ocher) uye mugove wekureruka wevhu muudhi.

Nzvimbo dzenyika dzekutsvaga mari dzinosvika mabhiriyoni 160, uye simbi inenge mamiriyoni makumi mapfumbamwe mabhiriyoni. Iron ore inowanikwa muUkraine, uye Russia neBrazil dzine dzimba dzakawanda dzesimbi yakachena.

Nhamba yemigodhi yenyika inowedzera gore rose. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, dare resimbi rinotorwa nenzira yakasununguka, icho chinonyanya kukosha kuti midziyo yose inoshandiswa inowanikwa kudhipatimendi, uye gota rinovakwa ipapo. Gomba rakadzika rinorema yemamita 500 m, uye upamhi hwayo hunoenderana nezvinoitwa neakawanikwa dhipiti. Mushure meizvozvo, nekubatsira kwezvigadzirwa zvakakosha, simbi yesimbi inotengeswa, inoiswa pamotokari yakagadzirirwa kutakura mitoro inorema, uye inonunurwa kubva kumakori kusvika kumabhizimisi ayo ari kushandiswa.

Izvo zvisingabatsiri nenzira yakasununguka ndeyokana yekutora ore chete pane zvakadzama zvakadzika. Kana yakarara zvakadzika, tinofanira kuvaka migodhi. Pakutanga vanoita trunk, vachiyeuchidza tsime rakadzika rine masvingo akakomberedzwa zvakanaka. Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva kune trunk pass corridors, iyo inonzi inopera. Iko yakawanikwa mukati mayo yakafuridzirwa, uye ipapo zvidimbu zvayo zvinokwidzwa kumusoro pamusoro pekubatsira kwezvinhu zvakakosha. Kubudiswa kwematare esimbi nenzira iyi kunobudirira, asi kunobatanidza nenjodzi huru uye mari.

Kune imwe nzira iyo inofanira kubvisa nayo iron ore. Inonzi SRS kana kupora zvakanaka. Iyo minda inobviswa kubva pasi nenzira yakadaro: gomba rakakonzerwa rinoputika, mabomba ane hydromonitor anoderedzwa mukati maro uye jet rine simba zvikuru yemvura inopwanya dombo, iro rinomutswa kumusoro. Kubudiswa kwesimbi yakare nenzira iyi yakachengeteka, zvisinei, nhamo, hazvina kukwana. Saka zvinokwanisika kubvisa zvitatu chete zvemaawa, uye 70% inodhindwa nekubatsira kwemigodhi. Zvisinei, kukurudzirwa kwemuitiro weSRS kuri kuvandudzwa, uye kune mikana yakareba yokuti mune ramangwana chisarudzo ichi chichava chikuru, kushandiswa kwemigodhi nemakoriya.