January 9, 1905 - Bloody Sunday (zvishoma). nyaya

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinosuwisa kuti kwakaitika munhoroondo Russia - Bloody Svondo. Muchidimbu, January 9, 1905 akatakurwa kunze kuurayiwa muenzaniso, wakapindwa zvuru 140 vamiririri rwekuita mukirasi. Zvino St. Petersburg panguva yaitonga Nicholas II, iyo ipapo vanhu vakatanga kudana Ropa. Vazhinji dzekare vanodavira kuti chiitiko ichi chaiva inokosha zvakasimbisa pakutanga 1905 chimurenga.

Ropa Svondo: nhoroondo yezviri

Pakupera 1904 zvematongerwe akatanga munyika, zvakaitika pashure pokukundwa, iyo mamiriro akatambudzika hondo Russian-Japanese wakashata. Ndezvipi zviitiko zvakatungamirira mukanyiwa kupfura vashandi - njodzi, yakazozivikanwa seshanduro Bloody Svondo? Muchidimbu, zvose zvakatanga nesangano "Assembly wokuRussia vashandi fekitari."

Sezvineiwo, kusika sangano iri takashandisa vakabatsira kuti Department Police. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanira kuti zviremera hanya vachiwedzera kugutsikana mune kubasa. Chinangwa chikuru "Assembly" Pakutanga murindi rwekuita kirasi pasimba echimurenga anoparadzirwa, sangano yakawiriranwa dzidzo. Zvisinei, "Musangano" haisi zvakanaka dzinodzorwa nezviremera, zvichiguma unopinza kuchinja kosi sangano. Izvi zvakanga kunonyanya kukonzerwa nevanhu munhu, yakanga vakananga.

Georgi Gapon

Ko George Gapon kusvikira njodzi zuva kuti kurangarirwa sezvo Bloody Svondo? Muchidimbu, ndiwo muprista uyu aiva inspirer uye murongi muenzaniso, mugumisiro chakanga akasuruvara kwazvo. Gapon akatora pamusoro sezvo musoro "Gungano" pakupera 1903, izvozvo nokukurumidza akava simba rake Mhedziso. An mupristi chinzvimbo akarota kuti zita rake vakaburukira munhau, vakazivisa pachake mutungamiri rwekuita kirasi wechokwadi.

Mutungamiri "Gungano" nheyo akavanzika komiti, ane nhengo verenga mabhuku wakarambidzwa, akadzidza nhoroondo echimurenga sangano, kutanga zvirongwa kutamburira vanoshanda kirasi. Shamwari Gapon akava mudzimai Karelin, vakanakidzwa mukurumbira mukuru pakati vashandi.

"The purogiramu shanu", izvo zvinosanganisira enyika uye zvoupfumi zvakananga zvinodiwa nenhengo Secret Committee, yakazokudziridzwa muna March 1904. Zvakanga iye uyo akashanda se mungabva iyo akatorwa chinodiwa kuti demonstrators akanga aronga kupa mambo ari Bloody Svondo muna 1905. Muchidimbu, vakakundikana kuita zvavaida. Pazuva iroro, chikumbiro haana kuwira mumaoko Nicholas II.

The chiitiko panguva Putilov Plant

Chii chiitiko kwakaita vashandi kuti kusarudza vakawanda kuratidza pazuva, iro rinozivikanwa sezvo Bloody Svondo? Muchidimbu udza nezvazvo zvinogona saizvozvo; riwedzere raiva kudzingwa kwevanhu vakawanda vakashanda panguva Putilov fekitari. Vose vaiva nhengo "Assembly." Nerunyerekupe kupararira kuti vanhu vakanga vaendeswa nokuda nhengo kwavo sangano.

Mhirizhonga iri Putilov yakapararira vamwe mabhizimisi avo vakashanda panguva iyoyo muSt Petersburg. Yakatanga vakawanda wavanozvisunga akatanga kuparadzira mapepa pamwe zvoupfumi uye enyika zvinodiwa kuti hurumende. Akurudzirwa Gapon akasarudza kukumbira mambo pachake Nicholas II. Kana achitaura namambo, rugwaro raiverengerwa vechikamu "Gungano", uwandu izvo kupfuura zviuru 20 Vanhu vakaratidza chido chavo kuti ndiitewo dziite.

It rakazivikanwa uye musi kufora, iro vakaburuka munhau sezvo Bloody Svondo - January 9, 1905. Muchidimbu pamusoro huru zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa pazasi.

Ropa haana akaronga

Zviremera vakaziva Kusaona chinotangira muenzaniso, dzakanga wakapindwa vanenge zviuru 140 vanhu. The Emperor Nicholas ine 6 January akasiya nemhuri yake Tsarskoye tiiviste. Interior Minister anonzi musangano wechimbichimbi zuva pamberi chiitiko, anoyeukwa izvo sezvo Bloody Sunday 1905. Munguva pfupi, usarega vadzidzi musangano kwakasarudzwa pamusangano kuenda kwete chete kune Palace Square, asiwo kune guta centre.

Zvinokosha kutaura kuti ropa haana pakutanga varonga. Vakuru akanga asina mubvunzo kuti vazhinji yokubudisa simba varwi, asi tarisiro izvi hazvina kuzadzika.

vachiurayiwa

Mudungwe, izvo zvakaita kuti Winter Palace, yaisanganisira varume, vakadzi uye navana, vakanga vasina zvombo naye. Vakawanda marchers vakatakura Portraits pakati Nicholas II, iyo mireza. Kuratidzwa gedhi Nevsky Akatsoropodzwa vamabhiza, ipapo kupfura atanga, akaridza kwepfuti shanu.

Zvinotevera kwepfuti akanzwikwa panguva Trinity Bridge St. Petersburg uye Vyborg divi. volleys Vanoverengeka dzakabudiswa uye Winter Palace apo vairatidzira asvika Alexander Garden. zvaiitika yakazara miviri aizokurumidza vakakuvadzwa uye akafa. Local musazonetsanazve vakaramba kusvikira kwasviba, pemaawa 23 zviremera akakwanisa kupararira pasi demonstrators.

migumisiro

Mushumo, iyo chaipiwa kuna Nicholas II, yekudyidzana understates uwandu vanhu vakuvara musi 9 January. Ropa Svondo, pfupiso uko retold munyaya ino, kwakauraya hwevanhu 130, imwe 299 vakakuvadzwa, kana ukavimba mushumo ichi. Kutaura zvazviri, nhamba akafa uye akuvadzwa ave kupfuura vanhu zviuru zvina, chaiwo mufananidzo anoramba ari chakavanzika.

Georgy Gapon kutiza kunze, asi muna March 1906 mupristi akaurayiwa nenzira Socialist-kuipandukira. Meya Foulon, aiva rakananga toreva nezvakaitika Bloody Sunday, akanga arega kare January 10, 1905. Akarasikirwa basa rake uye gurukota of Interior Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Uchisangana Emperor basa nhume waiitwa musi 20 January, mukufamba kwayo, Nicholas II akaratidza kuzvidemba kuti yakauraya vanhu vakawanda kudaro. Zvisinei, iye akati kuti demonstrators vakaita mhosva, vakapomera vakawanda dziite.

mhedziso

Pashure kunyangarika Gapon vakawanda wavanozvisunga yapera, mufaro ikanyarara. Zvisinei, zvakanga chete kuterama pamberi dutu, nokukurumidza hurumende kutarisira nyonganyonga itsva enyika uye chibayiro.