Hondo yokutanga World War First: migumisiro

Rimwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda kupfuura aiva War World First. It kubvira 28 July 1914 kusvika 11 November 1918. hondo yokutanga World War First aiva chiitiko kuti nyika kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera, kuti zvematongerwo pavanotaurirana. Mukurwisana izvi zvaibatanidzwa munyika makumi matatu nemasere, kumativi maviri anomirira zvido makuru coalitions: asi Entente uye Quadruple Alliance. Wokutanga misa vaisanganisira nyika dzakadai France, Russia, England uye nevamwe. Kurutivi kurwisana yechipiri vaiva Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria, Germany.

regerera

hondo yokutanga World War First kwakakonzerwa nokuda kokutambudza: akauraya Franz Ferdinand, mugari wenhaka chigaro Austria pamwe wake. Izvi zvakatungamirira kuti mukakavadzane pakati njodzi nyika uye Serbia. Austria akatora kurutivi Germany, achitaura naye. hondo yokutanga World War First ari yomusi July 28. Pachiitiko ichocho, August 1, Germany hwaswedera Russia kuhondo, uye mazuva maviri gare gare akataura hondo yaro vatsigiri - France.

Nei World First War?

hondo yokutanga Hondo Yenyika I muna 1914 kwakaitika pamusoro munharaunda French. Gare gare, rainzi "dzinza kugungwa." Mumwe yebato rinopikisa wakatsvaka kumukomberedza masimba muvengi uye atamira mhiri mberi mutsetse kugungwa. Somugumisiro, France akakwanisa kuramba vadzore dzavo maguta pachiteshi. The chinangwa nokukurumidza andobata murayiro France Germany miscalculated. Hondo World Vokutanga pamusoro Western Front nokukurumidza akatora chinzvimbo zvakasikwa, sezvo mauto nokukurumidza apera kumativi ose.

Kumadzimai tsamwisa Russia

On August 17, chikuru nzira kurwa hwakatamisirwa Eastern Front. Uto Russian yakatanga inogumbura yakananga East Prussia. Hondo World pamusoro mberi ichi vaiva pakutanga kubudirira. Huru basa iri kuridzwa nokukunda iri hondo Galicia, uko kwakaguma Aug. 18. The Company akatora nhau iyi zvinoshamisa nechido. Pashure kukundwa ichi Austria kusvikira pakupera 1914 vakaedza kwete kuti zvematongerwo zvakakomba zvinopesana Russia.

vatsigiri New uye vaimupikisa

Mugore iroro pamusoro Germany akapinda hondo Japan. Akatanga kutsausa chirongwa pachiwi mapoka Germany. Zviri pano kuti gungwa hondo. World kudzidza muna 1914 kundikana kuedza vose Mukurwisana kuti kubudirira kwavo nevavariro. Kuedza Russia kuti pave gungwa Links pamwe batana dziri kubudirira. HweOttoman Empire, akanga ari parutivi Germany, akazarura Caucasian Front kweGungwa Dema, nokudaro anotyora mvura ukama yeRussia.

hondo Major Yenyika Yokutanga yakagadzirwa muna 1915. Kubvira vakatanga chechipiri pamushandirapamwe. Vanotyisa Hondo vakatora nzvimbo pamusoro Western Front. Desperate, Germany uye France akatora kubudirira kuedza kuchinja mararamiro zviitiko zvavo nyasha. Zvisinei, izvi zvose hazvina kwakatungamirira zvinodiwa zvabuda.

Kutaura zvazviri, mutsetse pamberi pakazopera 1915 haana kuchinja. Hakuna French chitubu tsamwisa muna Artois, kana kwema kuitwa Champagne ari nokuwa haana kukanganisa zvinhu.

Kushatiswa ezvinhu Russia

Maererano Russian pamberi mutsetse mamiriro ezvinhu kwakawedzera uye akachinja kwete nani. Winter tsamwisa akakundikana kuedza kwakakundikana. Zvikurukuru, izvi zvakakonzerwa murombo kugadzirira weHondo Russian. Uyewo, vanhu vokuGermany akatamira muzhizha counteroffensive. Somugumisiro, vakakwanisa kuhwina kubva kuRussia uye Galicia, Poland. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kukundwa kweuto Russian pakurwa izvi kwakakonzerwa matambudziko romugove.

Zvinhu akanga akagadzikana chete matsutso. Zvisinei, nzvimbo Russian uye French mauto aiva precondition kuti mavambo mugoronga muhondo.

Muna 1915, vachizivisa hondo musi Austria-Hungary muhondo vanopinda Italy. Munguva imwe chete iri Entente anozivisa kurwa kuBulgaria. izvi zvose zvinotungamirira kuti kuomesa pakati Serbian nzvimbo.

hondo Verdun

1916 aizivikanwa imwe nguva apo paiva hondo guru World War First. Photos ehondo izvi zvichiri vakachengetedzwa muna vamwe zvikuru mamiziyamu. Verdun hondo aiti pamusoro chiuru upenyu. Hwakatanga kuedza kudzvinyirira tichidzivisa Germany kuFrance. Near Verdun protrusion zvakanzi dzinongoda huru mauto eGermany. Izvi zvakaitwa muna tariro kutyora kudzivirira France uye England. Panguva hondo iyi yokutanga kushandisa flamethrower - chombo chitsva panguva. Panguva kurwisa mauto eGermany France, murayiro Russian yakatanga inogumbura kuvhiyiwa, iyo yakaitwa pamusoro Western Front. Hapana vasara mauto eGermany sezvo huru mauto redeploy kuisa tsamwisa wamapoka Russian. Izvi kwakadzikira zvikuru ezvinhu France uye England muhondo. Panguva iyi, basa kudhumhana pakati masimba makuru yaiitwa vaviri panyika uye pagungwa. Hondo Jutland raiva guru kushorwa pamusoro mvura.

1917 uye 1918 ndipo kukunda of Entente. Zvisinei, nokuda iyoyo yose nhengo kunyika makakatanwa vanotambura chinokosha kwakaderera upfumi, uyewo kuwedzera zvinorwisana kusawirirana. Panyaya iyi, uto basa munyika shoma. Kunyange zvakadaro, mauto eGermany akanga asina kusiyiwa kuedza avo kurova England kutyora yepasi pemvura rengarava. Zvakava pachena kuti Entente ari kuzokunda, saka yakanga akabatana ne United States of America. Russia iri panguva anozadziswa dzakawanda matambudziko enyika. Akajekerwa filament kuva nezvakaitika October, pashure uchisunungurwa yehondo. Izvi chakaita Germany kubvisa Eastern Front uye kugumisa rugare chibvumirano nyika dzakadai Ukraine, Russia, Romania. Brest runyararo chibvumirano achipfeka waivako nokuda inorema ezvinhu Russian, zvisinei, akanga yakasainwa nemapoka acho. Kwapera nguva, akakwanisa kugumisa kondirakiti.

The capitulation of murwisi

Germany vachifamba inogumbura. Nokukurumidza akakwanisa kutora nyika dzakadai Poland, Belarus. Rakanga zvakare akabatwa kuBaltic States. Pashure dzinotevedzana kukunda, Germany akasarudza redeploy mauto ayo nenzira yacho Western Front. Zvisinei, Entente yakabatana chikwata ainyatsoona zvekushandisa ukuru, maererano nako mauto eGermany vakakundwa. Pakazopera 1918 , Germany kuisa zita renyu kusiko kusarenda.

Pashure pehondo, upfumi pokuita nyika vaiva inotyisa ezvinhu. Kwakaderedza basa mwero upfumi, nokuderera nemitemo achirarama. The voga airidza mumaoko hondo, vakasvika Makambani zvechiuto uye nevhu rakawandisa.

Nokuti Russia, hondo yava nokuva gombedzero kuti akava vakasimudzira zvikuru kukurumidza kukura pokuchinja uye kwaita hondo.