Japanese iris: tsanangudzo, chinyorwa, mhando dzakanakisisa, kudyara uye kutarisira

Wati wambonzwa nezveIrises yeJapan here? Munyika yekwake, "maruva emasamurai" anoonekwa sechimiro chisina hanya uye chakasimba, semugumisiro waakagamuchira zita rakadaro risingazivikanwi.

Chikamu cheIrisma Iris

Iris yaJapan haisi tsika yemvura, uye saka inoda kunwisa chete panguva yekufamba kwenguva. Kwemamwe nguva yose, ino tsika inobvumira kusanaya kwemvura. Izvi zvinoita kuti simiti ive yakanakisisa "vagari" vematunhu epasi. Zvisinei, nokuda kwese kudzvinyirira kwayo, zvichiri kudiwa kuti unzwisise mavara ekudyara nekuchengetedza, kana iwe uchida kukura simiti yakadaro uye kuzadza maruva ayo.

Kuonekwa kwemuti

Iris yeJapan inofarira zvikurukuru nekuda kwemaruva makuru, ayo akareba kusvika 14-25 masentimita. Inosanganisira zvitatu zvekunze zvekunze uye perianth, uyewo zviduku zvelobes mukati. Mashizha emuti wacho anogona kusvika paukuru kubva pa25 kusvika ku 60 masentimita. Mucherechedzo wavo unosiyana kubva kune-yellow-green kusvika kune rima-ruvara.

Irises (chinyorwa chinowanikwa munyaya yacho) kukura mumamiriro echisikiro mumasango ane maruva uye masango emasango kuChina, Myanmar neJapan. Kwenguva yakareba kwazvo, zvichienderana nekumabvazuva kwayo, mbeu yacho yakanga isingazivikani mune dzimwe nyika. Uye zvino kuedza kwevashandi vekuRussia neUnited States kwakagadzira mutsara wose weIrises yeJapane, iyo nhamba inenge mamiriyoni emarudzi. Mune arsenal pane marudzi akasiyana-siyana echando kupikisa, nguva dzakasiyana-siyana dzemaruva, maruva akawanda-mavara emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Yakasarudzwa muUnited States uye kuJapan marudzi, zvishoma kudonha-simba, uye naizvozvo nokukure mumatunhu anodziya chete. Mumamiriro okunze anononoka, marudzi e-thermophilic haafaniri kupunzika kana kupisa.

Pamba, mhiri yeJapan yakasimwa nenzira yakakosha kunaka kwemaruva makuru kunogona kunakidzwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yakakwirira: munzvimbo dzakadzika uye muminda yekare mupunga. Sezvo mbeu yacho isinganzwisisiki, kunyange kusanaya kwemvura, zviri nyore zvikuru kuchengetedza ivhu rakaoma nemhando iyi yekudyara. Kazhinji mumifananidzo yacho unogona kuona kuti irises yakarurama sei mumvura. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti muti unogona kukura nenzira iyi. Iyo yakawanda yakakura yehuturi Iris jaya yeJapan inoda panguva yekuiswa kwemafuro uye maruva. Muzviitiko izvi chete, kunatsiridza maitiro emiti yakazara nemvura. Dzimwe nguva, kuburikidza nekusaziva, varimi vemikumbi vanoedza kudzokorora zviito zvakadaro, izvo zvinotungamirira pakupedzisira kuora kwe rhizomes, iyo inopesana nehuwandu hwemhepo.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yekugara iyo yandinofanira kusarudza?

Kana iwe uchida kudyara jeri reJapan panzvimbo yako, iwe unotanga kusarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera. Nzvimbo yacho inofanira kujekeswa. Chimiro chisingaregi chinoshandawo kune penumbra. Pasi pemiti uye mumumvuri wakazara, irises inokura zvakanyanya uye haisviki zvachose. Zvakakosha kubhadhara kutaridzika kwevhu. Kana chirimwa, chiedza chinoshandiswa chinoshandiswa, chinoshandiswa zvishoma zvishoma. Usati wadyara, unogona kuenzanisa ivhu nevhu. Irises zvakanyanya hazviregi kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwe calcium, saka havakurudzi kudyara munyika iyo yaya yakawedzerwa.

Kana mvura iri munharaunda yako yakaoma, ndeyekudiridza zviri nani kushandisa mvura inonaya. Pasi pemiti, unogona kuita gomba duku kubva pasi kuti uwane unyoro panguva yemvura. Asi panguva imwe chete, mushure mokuguma kwemaruva, zvakakosha kugovera kubviswa kwemvura yakawandisa, sezvo munguva iyi yakawandisa inokuvadza kumuti.

Irises (mifananidzo inowanikwa munyaya yacho) haisi kukurudzirwa kuti iiswe zvakare kakawanda kupfuura kamwe chete makore mashanu kusvika kune manomwe. Zvirimwa zvinotaridzika zvakanaka mukurumbira kweboka rimwe nerimwe. Asi kune rumwe rutivi vanogona kuiswa uye vakakomberedzwa nekushambidza suti, primulas, gypsophila uye derebeniks.

Kudyara irises

Kana ukaronga kudyara jeri reJapan panzvimbo iyi, unofanira kutanga ukasarudza zvakasiyana-siyana, iyo ndiyo yakagadzirirwa kukura munharaunda yako. Iye zvino kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana, pakati peiwo maungasarudza nzira yakagamuchirwa.

Miti yacho inogonawo kuiswa muchitsime (izvi zvinobvumirwa kune nzvimbo yepakati yeRussia), asi zvinoshandiswa kuita izvi mushure mokunge maruva apera, semuenzaniso, muvhiki yekutanga yekuvhuvhu.

Kudyara kunoitwa kunoenderana nechirongwa chinotevera:

1. Kugadzirira kwekugadzira zvinhu.
2. Rhizomes nemashizha akaparadzana kuita zvikamu.
3. Masango akagadzirirwa nechemberi kwemasendimita makumi matatu kubva kune mumwe. Kana iwe ukaita mapoka masango, kureba kunogona kuderedzwa zvishoma.
4. Miti yakadyarwa yakavigwa muvhu kwemasendimita matatu kusvika mashanu uye inosaswa nevhu. Pashure pacho, iris inofanira kudururwa.

Kushandisa kupfeka

Izvo zvakakosha kudyara michero kaviri kana katatu pagore. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kukuyeuka kuti zvakakosha kuita manyowa munguva yezvinomera. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kushandisa shanduko dzakaoma pamusana pezvinangwa izvi, sezvo dzine zvigaro zvakakwana zvezvinhu zvose zvinotevera. Zvirimwa zvinopindurawo zvakanaka kune mhinduro ye mullein (10%). Iris yeJapan ine humwe hunyanzvi.

Iyo haisi kukura yakananga, asi inongomuka, ichiumba bump. Nokudaro, zvinonzwisisika kuvhara pasi zvakapoteredza muti uye kuisasa. Kutarisira kwakadaro kuchapa mukana wekudziridza midzi miduku. Kazhinji iwe unogona kuona yellowing yemashizha eIrises. Muchiitiko ichi, simiti inofanira kunwa mvura uye inosaswa nesimbi chelate.

Kugadzirira kwechando

Iris Iris inofanirwa kugadzirirwa nguva yechando here? Kudyara nekutarisira simiti hazvikoshi zvakanyanya, sezvaunogona kuona. Asi, sekuda kwechando, iris inofanira kugadzirirwa nguva yechando. Nokuda kweizvi, mashizha ose akachekwa nenzira yakadaro iyo 10-15 masentimita chete inogara pamusoro pevhu. Ikozvino rhizomes uye uwire pasi rakasvibira ivhu uye uvhare kumusoro nemashizha akaomeswa. Mukugara kwakadaro, iris inofanira kuva yechando. Muchirimo, inogona kuvhurwa bedzi kana pane kupisa kwakasimba.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakagadzirwa nemhepo dzakasvibira dzinonzwisisa mupfungwa uye mumwaka unovharwa nefirimu. Nzvimbo inogona kuchengetedza mbeu kusvikira yatanga kupindira nekukura kwemavara. Kana iwe ukarota kuona kuve iris riri pawebsite yako, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekutarisira kwakakodzera uye nguva yakakodzera yekudiridza. Chero bedzi munyaya iyi unogona kuwana maruva akawanda.

Zvirwere nezvirwere

Kana uchidyara muti, mvura inogona kugoverwa. Izvi zvingabatsira kudzivirira kupera kwemvura uye ivhu remhepo. Kunyanyisa kunokonzera kunogona kutungamirira pakukura kwekuora, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji maIrises echiJapan haasati atarirwa kwavari.

Pakati pezvipembenene, zvipembenene chete zvinogona kukonzera kukuvadza kukuru kumiti. Zvinokonzerwa kurwisana nezvipembenene zvakadaro chete nekubatsirwa kwezvipembenene. Mushure mokunge kutonhora kwezhizha kwezvirimwa, zviri nani kupisa mashizha, nokudaro kuparadza mazai akaiswa. Mashizha anofanira kutemwa mushure mechando, kubva pakuchekerera kunogona kuve nekukanganisa kupenya.

Kuberekwa kwezvirimwa

Irises inogona kuwedzerwa nekuparadzanisa rhizomes, iyo yakagadziridzwa zvakakwana. Vanofanira kuparadzana nenzira yakadai kuti mashizha akawanda aripo pane chimwe nechikamu. Muchiitiko ichi, mashizha anogurwa (kureba kwawo hakufaniri kuva masendimita gumi). Zvikamu zvakapatsanurwa zvinofanira kuoma kwemazuva mashoma, uye zvimedu zvinogona kusaswa nemarasha.

Kuchengetedza kwakadaro kunodzivirira kuora kwemidzi. Mushure mokunge midzi yaoma uye ichigadzirwa, inogona kudyarwa muvhu. Yakadyarwa mbeu inofanira kunwa mvura. Mushure mokunge shrinkage yevhu, chikamu chepamusoro che rhizomes chinogona kuve chakashama. Saka, zvakakosha kudururira ivhu.

Mbeu Kuberekwa

Kana zvichida, irises inogona kuparadzirwa kunyange nembeu. Kuti uzviunganidze, unofanirwa kubuda mushure mokunge uchinge uchitarisa zvishoma zvinyorwa zveplorescences, izvo zvichaita mabhokisi. Muchikwata, zvinogona kushandiswa kubvisa mbeu dzakagadzirwa, izvo zvinodyarwa muhari. Nokudyara iwe uchada sandy substrate. Potsani inogona kuiswa kwechando rose mubasa risina kuiswa. Mbeu ichakwira chete nekuuya kwegore, apo kupisa kunouya. Mafuro anofanira kuramba ari mumagetsi kusvikira vasimba, kunze kweizvozvo ivo vanogona kuiswa muvhu rakazaruka.

Maitiro ekugadzira

Chimwe chinhu chikuru chemuti ndicho chimiro chemaruva acho. Chikamu chezasi che perianth chinoshandiswa senzvimbo yekugara yezvipembenene. Pasi pemutoro wavo, mugwagwa unoenda kune anthers unotanga. Insect haikwanisi kuparadzanisa simiti inounganidzwa nemaruva, sezvo kushorwa kunopedza zuva rakatevera chete. Asi panguva imwechete imwe ruva, umo maruva akadonha uye runyararo rwakavhurika zvishomanana, mhepo yakasvibiswa inoipira zvakanaka. Kana muchengeti ane chido chekugadzira mapurisa, anofanira kubvisa anthers kubva kune maruva (amai vanodyara). Izvi zvinoitwa nezuva rokutanga rokutumbuka kunodzivirira kupisa kusingadiwi. Pazuva rechipiri kubva paduva rababa (rakangoerekana rava) unoda kutora muto wepoleni uye kuishandura kune tsvina yemurimi. Muchiitiko ichi, kusvibiswa kunogona kutaridzirwa sekwakaitika.

Paunosarudza mbeu kuti uwane perezipyleniya, unofungisisa kuti mbeu dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoparadzirwa, sekutonga, pamutsetse wemwana. Mukuwedzera, mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzine nhamba imwe chete yemakumbo inoda kuyambuka. Semuenzaniso, michero ine mitsara mitatu haikwanise kuve yakasvibiswa nemiti mitanhatu-petalled. Nokuda kwekuita, iwe unofanira kutora maruva chaiwo pamba peduncle, uye vamwe vose vanofanira kubviswa.

Mushure mekuisa maronda, mazai mavari anofanira kuonekwa, ayo anofanira kubviswa, achisiya chete. Matanho akadaro anodiwa kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti chimiro chaamai hachikundikani. Kana mabhokisi embeu asina nguva yokupedza chando, ipapo mashizha anogurwa ndokuiswa muhombodo yemvura kusvikira yaibva.

Irises Japanese: marudzi

Pari zvino, kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eIrises Japanese. Zvose zvavo zvakasiyana zvachose. Pakati pavo, unogona kusarudza chaiwo rudzi rwakakodzera kukura munharaunda yako.

Iris Japanese Vine Raffles inosvika pakureba kwema 80-120 masentimita. Chimiro chacho chine mashizha anonzi xiphoid, achienda kumagumo. Iris ine maruva makuru epepuru-violet, anogara mazuva matatu kusvika mashanu. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa zvinopesana neacteriosis. Miti yacho inofanira kunge ichando chete munzvimbo yekugara, zvisinei iyo inogona kungooma. Nokuda kwekugara kwayo zviri nani kusarudza nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzezuva. Nokuda kwekubudirira zvakanaka uye kukura, ivhu rinofanira kuva rakapfuma mu humus, rakanyoroveswa. Nekuchengetedza kwakakodzera simiti inofadza newaini yakawanda yemaruva maruva maruva.

Vagari vemo vakanaka vebindu ndivo majee eJapan Kayun Kapers. Vanosarudza zvidimbu zvakanaka zvebindu. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoita kuti zvive zvakakurumbira pakati pevarimi vemumunda.

Iris Japanese Variegata mumwe mumiriri wemhuri ane maruva makuru akanaka epepuru-violet shades. Kureba kwemiti yacho kunosvika 80-120 masentimita. Zvirimwa zvezvivaraidzo zvinosarudza nzvimbo dzakanyanyisa. Kungofanana nedzimwe maIjapani, Variegata inofarira zvakanaka yakanyorova humus ivhu. Duva rimwe nerimwe rinosvika masentimita gumi nemaviri muhupamhi uye rinorarama kubva pamatatu kusvika ku5 mazuva. Miti yacho haibatanidzwi neBacteriosis.

Iris Japanese Mohomasumi inosvika pakureba kwemasentimita makumi manomwe. Maruva anodyara ane ruvara rutsvuku (kusvika kusvika masentimita 17 paupamhi). Siya uye usiye izvi zvakasiyana-siyana hazvisiyana nezvimwe zvakasiyana zveJapan iris.

Kukanganisa nekuremekedzwa kweizi

Nokuda kwekunaka kwayo, irises yeJapane ine yakadzika yechando kusagadzikana, iyo isinganyanyi kukwanisa nzvimbo dzedu. Mukuwedzera, mbeu yemaruva inofadza.

Pakati pezvakanaka zvemuti: kushorwa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, maruva makuru uye nguva yakareba yehupenyu hwavo (mazuva 3-5).

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti muchikwata cheJapan pane boka rakasiyana rinonzi Hego. Nhamba yezvirimwa mairi inodarika mazita 3000. Vose vane maruva makuru kwazvo. Miti yakadaro yakagadzirirwa kukura mumakamuri. Vanogona kuva chifukidzo kwete chebindu chete, asi chemba yako. Zvechokwadi, ivo vachatarisira kuchengetedza zvakanaka, pamwe chete nedzimwe mhando dzakasiyana dzeIrismasi iris, asi inogona kuva yakanakisisa yekushongedza imba.