Kufema physiology muvanhu

Human physiology kufema - mumwe chinokosha dzinotsanagura upenyu

Kufema - One huru mashandiro kwokuramba upenyu anorarama. Sezvo vose mamwe mabasa, kufema haisi huru kana yechipiri muitiro - iyi ndiyo imwe zvinhu ane coherent, interconnected basa zvose hurongwa nenyere.

Physiology muitiro unogona kuva zvose zvinoitika uye pathological. Kuti tinzwisise zvakawanda pamusoro mweya uye vane kunzwisisa dzemunharaunda uye zvarakasiya vanofanira kufunga pakarepo pachayo ari kufema kwacho.

Anatomy uye physiology ari kufema wemuTesitamende zvose zvipenyu yakarongwa nenzira dzakasiyana, asi ari pasi rimwe chete dzinongoitika musimboti - kunowanzoitika nechouviri muviri. The zvinoitika physiology pamusoro afemeruke kunobatanidza Implementation kwacho achishandisa nasal mhango. Muromo rinoshandiswa kufema chete kana nasal mhando anova matambudziko. Somuenzaniso, pane imwe chando akura muromo kufema, nekuti nasal kufema kuome. In pauduku, kana kufema achishandisa muromo, vanachiremba kakawanda vakafungidzira vashoma adenoids, izvo zvinodzivisa kwemutemo mhepo kubudikidza nasal mhango.

Nasal kufema kunokosha chaizvo kuti munhu, ndokusaka kunyange vachiri vaduku vabereki vanodzidzisa vana kufema kubudikidza mhino kuti muitiro "gasping nokuti mhepo" haana kuita kuti zvirwere huro. kufema physiology wakadaro kuti, nomunyika mhino, mhepo runoyerera pasi yemweya haana kudziyirwa, kwete saka chando. Izvi imhaka ndechokuti mhino ndiko gobvu richikurukura midziyo ropa izvo vanotsamwira nokuisa mhepo kuburikidza nasal mhango. Kuwedzera kwetembiricha basa, mhino vanorichenesa mhepo, kunonoka kweminiti seguruva kudonha kubva mhepo ano. Munhu Zvakakosha kuziva kuti rimwe zuva mhino yake zvakare zvimwe chirwere zvakadai nemhepo yakasviba, saka zuva nezuva (mangwanani) kururamiswa pamusoro nasal mhango kunodiwa.

Kubva ichitenderera nasopharynx mhepo runoyerera pasi mukati dokeriro uye trachea. The trachea iri uyewo yakakamurwa kupinda Árbol sepombi, izvo enda kurudyi kuenda kurudyi yemapapu uye kuruboshwe divi kuruboshwe zvemapapu. Sami principales kufanana mapazi muti, iyo rakakamurwa ari bronchioles uye Formação de miromo mativi (pulmonary vesicles). Zviri pano kuti unotanga zvakananga kuchinjana reokisijeni kuti munyama uye kutakura payo neropa kuburikidza nomuviri. Kuti pave nechokwadi kunonyanyisa kuchengeteka kufema kwacho tichitarisa muguruva, uye principales uye trachea anopiwa mukati ciliated epithelium iyo chinotungamirwa akananga nomumukanwa mhango. In saizvozvi vakaumba madzihwa kuti nguvo zvacho guruva riri pauri kusvikira epithelium ari nomumukanwa mhango. Kana vangakosora kana sneezing muviri zvabudiswa tudonhwe sputum kuti kuchenesa kufema mugadziriro - inosanganisira physiology pamusoro afemeruke, saka haana chiedza viscous sputum, hapana chikonzero chokunetseka. Zviipe, kana sputum zvakaoma kuenda, ine yero kana admixture ropa - muenzaniso uyu anogona kuratidza kwakakomba kukundwa ari kufema hurongwa.

Formação de mu Chimiro zvavo nevamwe chaizvo - zvachose vakakundwa hunhu hwavo kufema physiology. Alveolar masvingo uri mutete - mumwe chete rukoko masero pachena inopfuura okisijeni uye carbon dioxide. A rinokosha iri kufema kwacho chinoita surfactant - pfuma chaiyo anofukidza madziro Formação de. Pamusana naye, alveolar masvingo vari Haakurumidzi atelectasis - inochera kure. Ndokusaka zvichikosha chaizvo kuti vana vakaberekwa renguva izwi - kwavo alveolar surfactant zvakakwana kuti vana vanogona kufema vakazvimiririra.

Respiratoria physiology harisi basa mitumbi chokuita ari kufema hurongwa. Ari kufema muitiro zvinobatanidzwa mapfupa (mbabvu ukazvikudza zvishoma), tsandanyama (vakauya zvakananga chiito rumbabvu), kuti diaphragm (chaiyo ruoko izvo anosandudzira abdominal mapazi uye kuwedzera Vhoriyamu thoracal mhango munguva kufema mabasa). Normal kufema physiology zvakazara kunopa muviri pamwe okisijeni zvakakodzera kuti upenyu hwayo uye outputs kuti "apedza" gasi - kuti pezvakaitwa yakaoma kudaro kuitika mumuviri womunhu.