Pre-kuchikoro pedagogy yaro basa unhu kukura

Patinotaura pamusoro pedagogy pakarepo unenge kufungidzira yakaoma chikoro mudzidzisi pamwe magirazi uye Pointer mumaoko kana bvudzi jena muzvinadzidzo yunivhesiti, nhepfenyuro pamusoro wisdoms dzidzo. Asi pedagogy - haisi chete dzidzo chikoro uye dzidzo yokuyunivhesiti. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro pre-chikoro pedagogy.

Pre-kuchikoro pedagogy - bazi pedagogical sayenzi, iyo inodzidza zvokurera uye dzidzo kuenda kukireshi vana. Ndiko, ndiye nheyo, nheyo remangwana wacho. Ndokusaka kuti Preschool pedagoam zvinodiwa chaizvo, yakakwirira chaizvo.

Ndakatanga kuumba pre-kuchikoro pedagogy somunhu sayenzi pasi pokudzora inozivikanwa musayendisiti-mudzidzisi, mumwe "vanababa" pakati pedagogy, Yana Amosa Comenius. Iye wokutanga akaita kuti tifunge kuti vana vanoda sezvo tinoda kutaura, "kuita" kubvira pakuberekwa, kuti chete misoro nzira iri kurerwa uye dzidzo anopa vakadzikama zvabuda. mhosva dzose dzavo panyaya iyi uye dzinokosha zvokudya kuenda kukireshi pedagogy, ayo nerevane muchinangwa paumbwe munhu akarondedzera mubhuku "Parent School", izvo haana kurasa kushanda kwayo nhasi.

Mabasa ose kuenda kukireshi pedagogy nani obschirny. Chekutanga, kudzidza ichi uye Qualitative kuvandudzika ari rokudzidzisa kwacho nokuda vana vaduku. Chechipiri, vanoenda kukireshi pedagogy mubasa pave itsva siyana uye nzira dzidzo, uye dzidzo, izvo rinosanganisira kutsvakurudza mabasa, kuitisa Miedzo nepfungwa uye dzidzo uye kuedza. Asi chikuru basa takii zvose zviri kushanda zvakananga nemwana, paumbwe ake maonero, zvaanotenda, mano zvishande, kukwanisa kuratidza pachake, nheyo mberi dzidzo uye kurovedza.

Vamba maonero aiva kuti mwana anofanira kupiwa kutanga samostotelno, achitevedza mitsetse iyo ichava yakanaka, "kwete kuti kuvhiringidza zvakasikwa", uye nechekare vadzidzisi chikoro zvose achagadzirisa. vana rasli akasadzorwa vakawanda. With kukura pfungwa dzevanhu, nokuti kuti zvepfungwa uye pedagogy, kufarira kwakawedzera nguva kuti ikozvino tinogona kutaura nzendo paumbwe munhu, kubvira pakuzvarwa, kuenda kukireshi pedagogy razova chinokosha upenyu chero vanhu cheloecheskogo. It nokukurumidza munguva rechi19 - kwerechi20. Special rokuchinja ayo kukura aiva Zh.Zh.Russo, uyo mberi itsva panguva iyoyo pfungwa dzinongoitika dzidzo, dzidzo basa; Pestalozzi, uyo prevozglashal nheyo dzokuzvikoshesa kukura, F.V.Frebel, uyo akazova theorist wokukurumidza hanya vaduku uye vakazvitsaurira mishumo ichi nyaya inokosha chikamu mapepa avo yesayenzi. It Froebel akazarura wokutanga muna 1840, pre-kuchikoro, wakabereka zita Matoyi (kureva pamwe Nemec - kukireshi), apo nheyo yedzidzo vaiona Modelling, basa-achitamba kusimukira mitambo.

Preschool pedagogy yakatanga kwete chete nemhaka Western Zvinovheneka. A mupiro guru wacho budiriro chakaitwa vokuRussia. Somuenzaniso, Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky, unonzi "mudzidzisi vadzidzisi", kwakasimbiswa mudzidzisi kurovedza gadziriro iri vaisanganisa ane shoma pakushandisa achiri nhasi. Ushinsky waitsigira munhu RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA uye rinopindirana kukura unhu, kuti kukundikana tanga dzimwe unhu pamusoro vamwe, nokuti dzidzo tsika.

Achitaura vanoenda kukireshi pedagogy, hazvibviri tisingatauri Adelaide Semyonovna Simonovic. Akanga asiri chete theorist kuti vanoenda kukireshi dzidzo (bhuku rakanyorwa "Practical manotsi pamusoro wacho uye munzanga dzidzo yevana vaduku" kuramba kubudisa se "kukireshi"), asi tsika - aishanda kindergartens muna Tiflis uye Petersburg. Uyezve, iye akavhura imwe akabhadhara kukireshi muSt Petersburg, apo tsika vaudzewo dzidziso ake pamusoro kukosha kubatana zvokunyama.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kuenda kukireshi pedagogy yaiva refu nzira zvikuru uye nhasi zviri muitiro waro vanoshingaira kukura.