Kupi uye ndiani akatanga "Tetris"? Rokutanga "Tetris" munhau

In yechipiri yezana eighties remakore rechimakumi maviri, vechiduku vanenge zvose munyika Smoke zviri mumaoko Rubik kuti Cube. Nokukurumidza yakatsiva chitandadzo ichi kunouya mutambo mutsva, izvo zvaida pachake kombiyuta.

Zvemamiriro vakawanda "Tetris" uye ayo zvinokonzera

Misa chemaneka kuti akaperekedza kwaita chitoyi, zvakaoma kutsanangura. Zvino majaya mafeni, uye ndachena vhudzi emushandi pamwe chete chido klatsat makiyi, kuedza kusvika kuvandudza. Zvaiita kuti kubudirira chouviri zvose nezveramangwana ravo. Zvino kuti, pashure kushanda zvakazara iya uchishandisa injiniya kana programmer akaramba "zvishoma kutamba" pakombiyuta centre uye akagara pamberi tarisisa kwemaawa.

Kunyange zvazvo munhu makombiyuta vanhuwo kukwanisa kwavo yakatengwa zvinodiwa masangano uye masangano. Vazhinji ndivo michina "Robotron" GDR kugadzirwa mashoko unhu substantially muduku vamwe ano maserura. Rokutanga "Tetris" akasikwa kuti kadambari kwakadaro. The mutambo waiva nyore, uye ndizvo anotsanangura rakasiyana mukurumbira, izvo iye ainakidzwa.

Zvaiitika

The Soviet Union perestroika vakatanga kusangana systemic dambudziko dzakatangira kare sixties uye manonwe of XX remakore. Vaunganidza kupokana pakati mukuru avhareji njere zvinogona engineering michina vashandi, rakanaka zvinodiwa uye kugadzirira anobatwa murombo zvinhu ezvinhu muupenyu, iyo vari kuramba kuipa. An water drainage basa zvinhu zviri vasiri zvibereko kwemauto hwenyika uye private-pamwe kutengeserana.

Mukurumbira dzidzo yepamusorosoro iri kukurumidza pakugumburwa. World-kirasi programmers zvakaoma mune dzakawanda tsvakurudzo Kudya, kuedza kurarama pamusoro urombo mubayiro, kutenga simba riri kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma nokuda aval mitengo. Mumwe vakadzidza ava hazvina kutorwa nehama dzazvo Nadya Pajitnov, uyo aishanda Computer Centre USSR Academy of Sciences.

Russian chombo chakavanzika

Mune USSR, yakanga yakagadzirwa mano mazhinji uye unyanzvi vakawana chikumbiro munyika kuti vaionekwa kupfuura mberi yemazuva ano. Vavambi kazhinji akaramba isingazivikanwi, uye Copyrights dzavo akabatwa kwakasimba zvikuru uye nomazvo zviri pamutemo vanhu, kuwana kubva pakatanga zvakagadzirwa izvi. Mubvunzo uyo akazogadzira "Tetris", kusafanana nedzimwe dzakawanda dzakafanana kacho, ane mhinduro chaizvo chaizvo. It Pajitnov, mugari wenyika USSR, sezvo mugumo wava chiratidzo ungwaru zvinogona kuitwa nyika yedu.

Iye kunyange jokingly hafu zvakakomba achipomerwa kukoromora kudzivirira kugona muUnited States. Vatariri nePentagon, pane zvakawanda pamwe kuchengeteka yenyukireya nyaya, njere uye Global Strategy, anoita kugadzira dzikarongwa dzinoungana, vachiedza uzviise akashambidzika mumitsara uye kupedza guru chikamu yakazara. Mubvunzo apo kuumba "Tetris" akanga asiri, saka inonzi - ". Russian chakavanzika chombo"

Sei rakatangwa "Tetris"

Kuziva nhoroondo kwaita mutambo uyu, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti ayo kukura yave kusvika chinangwa woupenyu hunoshamisa musayendisiti. Izvi hazvisi chokwadi. Chaizvoizvo Pajitnov, ivo vakatanga pakati "Tetris" hakusi kushandiswa mukuita matoyi. Akanga achiparidza kupfuura nyaya. basa rake nesayenzi raiwanzobatana pakasikwa kiberintellekta. Puzzle se "pentominoes dambanemazwi" akariita kuenzanisira siyana zvine musoro pezvakaitwa runozivisa kwepfungwa dzevanhu uye musoro kufunga.

Vakasikirwa naye uye nevamwe zvinooneka kuti mupfungwa algorithms tsananguro. Computer michina ipapo yaiva duku kwazvo chinzvimbo, zvikuru mwero kupfuura zvadziri ikozvino, saka nokupararira kwakanga "Tetris" (umo nhamba dzine vana "cubes") uye kwete "pentomino" (kwaiva zvinhu mashanu). Game rinogonawo kuva nyore zano muviri Anti-zvokukwegura. Zvinoratidza kuti zvaiitwa rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe hurongwa hakuna kukwana kutsiva kukuvadza yomuka ari mararamiro nguva dzose, uye entropy akahwina.

"Tetris" kuMadokero

Ani naani akazogadzira "Tetris", kureva Nadya Pajitnov, haana pakarepo vakatanga kugamuchira mibayiro kubva ayo chigadzirwa. Izvi zvakava zvinogoneka chete pashure international kutyora uye patenting. The boka kubva UK "Andromeda" tanga vakaratidza chido kuwana Copyrights uye chokuita zvakananga munyori. KuWest game ratova leaked uye vanazvo mafeni ayo, uye, naizvozvo, Entrepreneurs zhinji vane chido kuti uwane mari pamusoro payo.

Director we "Andromeda" Mr. Stein akatungamirira Pajitnov ari paTV, kwaakaratidza ake mhenyu CBS nzira, kuti vose vazive ndiani akatanga mutambo "Tetris." In uchibvunzurudzwa muitiro zvakava pachena kuti munyori uye muridzi zvose zvedzidzo pfuma kodzero vasati vagamuchira kuti ayo yakakurumbira dambanemazwi sendi, kunyange kare "Microsoft" uye "YOKOHAMA Olobayt" akaita izvozvo pamisika sezvo pachavo zvigadzirwa zvavo.

Kugadzirwa uye mubayiro

The chindingindingi of Soviet mamiriro pamusoro vatorwa zvokutengeserana, uye iyi aiva migumisiro yakaipa. Guide Association "Elektronorgtehnika" Kuziva pakupedzisira yakadai inoita upenzi chinhu fananei kudonha nhamba kungakurudzira mari chakakura kwazvo, vakapinda chibvumirano ne Stein. Muchiitiko chino, hapana akafunga kusaina chibvumirano navo pachavo Pajitnov. Maererano administrative-murayiro hurongwa, hazvina basa uyo akazogadzira "Tetris", chinhu chikuru akaita kuti chizvarwa Soviet (iyeyu haasi nharo), uye nokudaro Purofiti vanofanira -bereka kune bureaucratic muchina.

Njodzi muvambi

Career Alekseya Pazhitnova kwakasimbiswa kwazvo, kupfuura mune zvokunyama nemashoko. Izvi programmer matarenda ane makore gumi nemasere mubasa kambani "Microsoft", apo ane zvose pangave kuzvidzora Kuziva. The mabasa kuti anoita zvikuru kunzwisisa dambanemazwi akamuita wakakurumbira, asi kuti vawedzere kuda kuva chigadzirwa yakataurwa kwavari promotional zvinangwa taura kuti munyori ndiye akazogadzira "Tetris", Nadya Pajitnov pachake.

Panguva nineties ndakaenda imwe anecdote pamusoro "itsva Russian" (aiva akakurumbira enyambo mufananidzo dzepepuru bhachi uye ngetani yendarama pamutsipa wake), izvo akatenga kupfuura zvinodhura uye ano kombiyuta. Panguva iyoyowo akaisa mutengesi ari kuomesa chaizvo ezvinhu: "Kana" Tetris "hakushandi, imi mundipindure!" Zvinoita kuti unyanzvi programmer Alekseya Pazhitnova acharangarirwa akawanda emakore chete sezvo muvambi ari nemudrenoy matoyi. Sad ...