Nzvimbo yomunhu munyika ino iri mhuka: kukura maonero evanhu mavambo

Kuona shanduka okukura, uye nawo chinzvimbo murume mhuka nyika ino hazvireve usevere akapfuura, nekuti mhindumupindu - Maitikiro acho zvinoitika nguva dzose uye kwose kwose yakatipoteredza. Somuenzaniso, mabhakitiriya ayo nyore ichaparadzwa kuti penicillin yapfuura akatenga mutsva nemishonga inouraya mabhakitiriya chimiro,.

rwokuzvarwa vakasarudzwa

Nature akarayira sezvinotevera: nani mhuka iri dzakashandisa mamiriro yacho nayo mupenyu, chikuru mikana ayo kurarama uye vana. vana vake ive abnormalities akaita kuti dzinovaraidza yababa vake saka kubudirira kwavo munharaunda ezvinhu. Species kusanduka nenguva, achichinja nani zvakatipoteredza. Kune mhando itsva, kune zviuru kana mamiriyoni emakore, uye ipapo kunyangarika. Evolution kunotora nguva uye yokumbofara zvachinjwa chakaitika.

Features chingabatsira kupona: somuenzaniso, - zvakanaka mazino kana kupfuura uropi - kunogona kuitika munguva nemhuka achangoberekwa sezvo anongoitika zvarakasiya. Kana vatsva zvinhu chaizvoizvo kubatsira kurarama, uye mhuka vanogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba, kana kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mumiriri zvinowanzovapo mhando kufa, ipapo unhu aya akapfuura kumarudzi namarudzi. Kana kuita izvi imhuka here chinobatsira kuti zvishoma nezvishoma bvikinyidza avo vasina navo.

YaDarwin

Maererano yaDarwin, nowezvipenyu Haibudisi mukufamba kwaro upenyu fanana kopi pacharo. Mwana haadi mai katsi haruzvitsvakiri kufanana wangu mai-katsi, kunyange gorosi zvakasiyana mumwe. Kana tikatarisa pasi maikorosikopu kana kuongorora makemikari, tinogona kuona otherness yavo. Variability ndiye mashoko dzinongoitika vakasarudzwa. Kana ehupfumi izvi zvinodiwa kuti upenyu chisikwa chitsva, izvozvo uchararama uye kutungamirira nevazukuru, kana asina - the utsinye dzinongoitika kusarudza anobvisa nayo kubva zvipenyu bhora, uye achafa, mazana ezviuru maladjusted vanhu. Chii ndozvinoita murume mhuka nyika ino? Selection zvikuru asinganzwisisiki rezvakasikwa, uyewo mbiri yayo yokupedzisira, Chokwadi, kushumira vanhu.

The chinzvimbo murume mhuka Munyika

Vanhu semunhu primates, izvo kune vanopfuura 100 marudzi, kusanganisira netsoko, magorira uye chimupanze. Kana iwe kutaridzwa chinzvimbo murume mhuka munyika ino - netsoko, kureva chimupanze ane nemunhu yepedyo ukama hwemhuri, 98,4% kwemajini ivo rienderane. Zvinonzi zvakaratidza kuti 2.6 mln. Makore akapfuura yakakamurwa dzikava 2 mapazi primates. 1 muna Australopithecus, imwe yakatotsakatika gare gare, uye 2 hwomunhu chinzvimbo hurongwa mhuka nyika - mu Homo habilis. Zvinozivikanwa kuti hominids kutanga ariko panyika 3-5 mln. Makore akapfuura.

A yakawanda tsvakurudzo nekuyera, uye Zvakafukunurwa akaita kwavo hwaro, uchapupu hwesayenzi hunoratidza kuti nzvimbo yomunhu ari mhuka nyika ino rakava pakati primate pfungwa. primates All dzinowanikwa zvinhu.

1. Tose tine maoko netsoka nezvigunwe mashanu nerimwe.
2. Vane meno kuti dzakashandisa kutsenga nezvokudya zvizhinji zvakasiyana.
3. All vanobereka kunonyanya mumwe mhuru, kanenge - kuti vana mashoma.

Zviratidzo evanhu ari mhuka Munyika

Asi pane Misiyano pakati pavo.

1. Chete hunhu hwevanhu achifamba tasa makumbo maviri uye, naizvozvovo, chaiyo nemamiriro nomuzongoza, chiuno, makumbo, maoko, tsandanyama, uye dzimwe nhengo.
2. Ruoko rwomunhu anokwanisa kuita kufamba siyana uye chaiwo akawanda. Human dehenya achikwirira uye kumativi;
3. Cerebral chikamu dehenya chitonge mberi, ane yakakwirira huma, simba shaya nameno diki, chirebvu delineated zvakajeka.
4. Uropi hwomunhu anotora vhoriyamu - 1800 cm3, inova 3 nguva primate uropi. Munhu zvakanaka dzakabudirira kuuropi, izvo zvinokosha mupfungwa uye kutaura nzvimbo.

Murume wokutanga pakati primates

tateguru wokutanga dzevanhu - Australopithecus, akakwanisa famba akarurama chinzvimbo. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, aigona kuchengeta muruoko rwake maturusi uye chinyakare zvombo.

Maererano nesayenzi dzidziso zvakangwara chakaitika pakarepo chitarisiko murume, waiva mugumisiro refu shanduka kukura, uyo akatora emamiriyoni makore. Masayendisiti akapiwa zita "Homo sapiens" murume anoziva kuti zvinhu zvokushandisa uye vavige vamwe vavo vedzinza. Chinonyanya chinyakare zvishandiso vakanga lathed matombo. 500 zviuru zvemakore akapfuura, vanhu kare kurapwa emapuranga mapango, akaaita mapfumo. Uye makore zviuru chete 250 akapfuura paiva ibwe demo.

50 zviuru zvemakore akapfuura, takadzidza kuti marambi, rakacherwa pabwe, iyo pane mafuta aiva mafuta emhuka, pashure mumwe makore zviuru 20 kwaiva vokutanga uta uye museve. Kubva pakutanga chimiro yemadzitateguru kuti mhando "homo sapiens" kukura akasvetuka kwakaitika mumakore mamiriyoni 14-20. Uyezve shanduka kwakakonzera kuti kwaita Australopithecus, uyo anoziva sei kushandisa dzakapoteredza zvinhu sezvombo, kunyange pasi navo chinhu zvokutanga kurapwa.

kukura munhu

Kana primates vari rakakamurwa matavi vaviri subspecies rokutanga kosi yemhindumupindu rwauya mumba Homo habilis, uye wechipiri - Australopithecus Africanus, imwe yakatotsakatika gare gare. Evolution akaita munogodorerei, apo kwakanga "murume batsira" mhando. Aiva munhu chepuraimari mafungiro uye matauriro, chikuru vatakuri ruzivo, iyo zvino akagashidzwa zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi. View "mira murume" akazviratidza 100 zviuru. Makore akapfuura. kwete majini asi kuburikidza mashoko uye chiitiko zvokunamata - With chitarisiko chake chitsama mashoko akonzera kuti kusikwa pakubhadhara itsva nhaka kwakawedzera substantially. Akadaro hwomunhu vhoriyamu akanga akaenzana 1250 cm3, asi ayo shanduka havana kugumira ipapo. nokukurumidza mberi zvoutachiona kuchinja akacherechedza Panguva iyi kukura.

Tichitarisa chinzvimbo murume mhuka munyika ino inogona zvishoma se seizvi.

Kupfuura kare vanhu mubasa kuungana uye kuvhima. Vairarama runochengeta upenyu, kudya miriwo uye nyama yemhuka kuti kunobva nzira yavo. Nokuti pokugara, vakashandisa mubako, asi Zvakawanikwa dzekare vanoti iyi dzakavakwa dzimba matavi okutanga. Panguva imwe nguva marudzi vakaziva kuti musha wechigarire ane nhamba zvakanakira. Panzvimbo yakachengeteka unogona kuvanza chikafu mumatanda kuti zvokudya nguva, kuti vazvidzivirire kubva okunze uye nezvikara. Mumisha izvi yamunenge kuwirirana nemumwe, uyewo nyore yokudzivisa nayo muvengi. Mune shanduka hwomunhu yakawedzera disproportionately muviri. Asi chinonyanya kukosha budiriro: vanhu vava musimboti seboka chiito, chikuru zvinoumba riri basa, pfungwa uye matauriro, uye ichi ndicho musiyano mukuru pakati vanhu nemhuka.

Murume uye mhuka

The chinzvimbo murume mhuka munyika ino ine simba kukanganisa nyika. Paleolithic munhu Vakaronda, decimating ikozvino zvisikwa nokutsakatika. Animals, shiri nehove ndokupa vanhu zvokudya, matehwe vaiva zvipfeko wokutanga, shangu uye zvemumba. Kubvira vanhu vakatanga kudya nyama, vakadzidza sei kuti moto, uye mhuka dzepamusha. With kuvandudzika okuvhimisa pfuti uye mukukurira mhuka kwevanhu zvazvinoita mhuka kwakawedzera.

Evolution of zvoutachiona kwemarudzi munguva yedu hazvina basa kuti munhu ari zvinopesana, ine pose kukanganisa zvakatipoteredza. nzvimbo yomunhu ari ano fauna of hurongwa kutakura ngozi zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kwemarudzi ezvinhu. Chinobva basa evanhu, uye ari chokuita nokuchinja nzvimbo mhuka, yose kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, maberekero zvekumwe mhando uye kupararira kwezvirwere. Pasinei ruvara, zvitarisiko uye hukuru, vose vanhu ndohwaJehovha chete kwemarudzi - "Homo sapiens". Human maitiro anoratidza sei shanduka akaita chiite kuita Somuenzaniso, tsvaka kuti vawane, kuzadza dumbu, kana kutiza ngozi.

Shanduka kana zvekunze chipingaidzo?

Zvose sokuti kuva nyore uye zvakajeka mune shanduka dzidziso dzevanhu chaiko. Kunyange zvakadaro, masayendisiti haasati asvika nekubvirana uye zvazvisingarambiki kutaura kuti riwedzere kuti kuchinja kubva primates kuti Homo sapiens.

Maererano siyana dzidziso aigona kuva kwokunze chipingaidzo, akadai ichiyambuka vamiririri extraterrestrial dzomunyika pamwe madzitateguru vevanhu kana kudzora Kushanduka masimba extraterrestrial superintelligence.

Nemhaka ungwaru vanhu vakaita budiriro huru; iye anogona kuzvitarisira, kusarudza kana kutora ngozi. Anoziva sei kuti kunyora, kugadzira mimhanzi, pendi mavara. Uyewo kuvaka ndege uye ngarava kuti kudzidza nyika, uyewo chitundumusere-musere, nzvimbo kudzidza.