Kuvhima nepfuti wokuRussia kugadzirwa: kudzokorora. Russian kunovhima dzichapambwa carbines

Chii chinonzi carabiner? Ichi lightweight pfuti, akashongedzerwa aine mupfupi dhiramu. Dzimwe nguva anonzi nevamwe vagadziri nepfuti.

Shoko "pfuti" akazviratidza kunokwana French rokuti "munhu carabiner". The vaizviita vanoda chigadzirwa tega gunsmith Gaspar Tsolner.

Ndezvipi nezvikorekedzo? Izvi zvinogona kuva anokosha nepfuti uye nepfuti muenzaniso nehurongwa iyo inifanduri zvombo: vane yakaderera uremu, urefu uye mamwe mashoko mudziyo. By chinangwa chombo angave vachirwa, kuvhima, basa (mapurisa, tactical uye m. P.). Rinogonawo kushandiswa vazvidzivirire. Panzira, kuRussia kushandisa refu-barreled dzichapambwa zvombo kuzvidzivirira hakubvumidzwi.

Carbines, akashongedzerwa ane otomatiki moto muoti, mune Russian inonzi automata. Ichi rinokosha mhando zvidiki.

Uye pakupedzisira akadana dzichapambwa nepfuti, gwara iro rine helical rifling pamusoro mudende, iyo kuti bara kutama, kutenderera yayo akabatana. Somugumisiro, chakagoverwa kuita, uye kutsiga kuwanda kutiza trajectory.

ounyanzvi Russian

Zvino ona mazita kunovhima dzichapambwa carbines Russia:

• Carbines "Saiga" dzichapambwa kundovhima.
• Carbines kumberi kunovhima.
• Pfuti kuti kuvhima.
• Carbines TOZ-122 kuti kuvhima.
• Dzichapambwa pfuti (kuvhima mhuka musii).
• Carabiner (kuvhima mhuka huru).
• Nepfuti Remington (Threaded, kuvhima).
• "Sauer" pfuti.

Carbine "Tiger" Hunting

Zvino ngatitarise yokuRussia kunovhima carbines "Tiger". Ndicho chombo chikuru! Zvichiita kuti chishamiso munyaya Izhevsk gunsmiths. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanachiremba kuti "Izhmash" ava nenguva refu kushanda kutendeuka vemauto zvidiki zvebhizimisi kundovhima.

Chokutanga, chirimwa-vataurwa pamusoro tichiita mukugadzira carbine "Saiga". chigadzirwa ichi wakasikwa maererano tarenda Kalashnikov. Uyezve, rakavambwa kugadzirwa otomatiki pfuti "Tiger", kugadzirwa kuti kuvhima nemhaka haidereri nevakawanda pfuti Dragunov (SVD).

Saka, Russian akagadzirwa kunovhima carbines "Tiger" inoshandiswa pakuvhima huru uye unosvikirwa nezvipfuwo. Anogona kushandisa pfuti cartridges zvakafanana muna SVD. Vachivhimei zvokusarudza, ivo anozivikanwa 7,62x54R, vakaremerwa pamwe bara uye poluobolochnoy shoma zvakasiyana mutengo.

Carbine "Tiger" kunoratidza kumusoro rwakatwasuka. mudziyo uyu vane mwero ane guru diki. kunopindirana kureba kwarwo 1200 neMM, uremu pasina mhosva - 3.9 makirogiramu. With ichi chombo zvaunogona moto, achishandisa yakavhurika kana Manyiminya vachizviona. Uye zvakaitika telescopic pamberi kupfura wokutanga haisi zvakakodzera. Vachiridzira siyana makubhiti mazana matatu.

Wokutanga mharidzo carbine "Tiger" kushamiswa chaizvo nhamba zvainovhiringidzawo. The pasuru zvaisanganisira pamberi zvombo Army PSO-1, waiva zvachose unadapted kuti kuvhima ezvinhu. The chigadzirwa yave yakanyatsoiswa ane vachibatsira garo, dzinokodzera chaizvo kuti vatambi nehondo nemasoja akavanda aiva cutout nokuda thumbs. Saka, garo yakanga kukodzera zvakakwana kunovhima.

Lining carbine handguard kuti takaitwa kuti epurasitiki; ivo creaked muna kuchitonhora, uye miseve aigona frostbitten nemimwe. Flash suppressor akanga asipo, saka muvhimi kupfura panguva mhuka mumadekwana, bofu ari nechiremwaremwa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Russian akagadzirwa kunovhima nepfuti vagara inozivikanwa yose. Asi pamusoro "Tiger" kuti "Izhmash" zvichemo vakagamuchira uye aiita. Mainjiniya gunsmiths mutsime-anozivikanwa emakambani vakamborara dzavo vainyatsoongorora. Ivo kunyorwa kwenyaya muenzaniso carbine divi kuumba zvakasikwa pagomo okuvhimisa optics, kusanganisira chiratidzo usiku zvinotyisa kuti kuchinja. Kuderedza kugabhuka uye unodzokera panguva yacho bara, carbine aigarira tomu akamedura, nokupenya suppressor. Panguva iyoyowo chirimwa akatanga kweShanduro pfuti pamwe yematanda ndiro, akaisa mukati hunde, uye kuvhima pfuti garo.

Model carbine "Tiger"

Kutaura zvazviri, vakawanda Russian akagadzirwa kunovhima nepfuti It haruzvitsvakiri akafanana muenzaniso nokuti hwomutambarakede kupfura carbine "Tiger" rukungiso zvishoma haachatauri shure. Mukana zeroing mu chigadzirwa ichi kuwedzerwa anochinja-chinja mberi kuona uye kuwedzera muzinga - With nuances izvi aiming takasununguka zvikuru.

Nhasi, kune vashoma mimwe okuzvifunga kuchaja carbine:

• "Tiger", chinoitirwa mutariri weRussia 7,62x54R. Bara anoyera 13.2 g, munyaradze simba iri 3600 J. uye pakutanga velocity rinosvika 780 m / s. Otomny chitoro anobvumawo mashanu gumi mhosva kubva.
• "Tiger-308" akasikwa vatorwa nokuchengeta 308Win (7,62H51) ane bara ane guru 9,7-11,7 munyaradze simba chigadzirwa ndiyo 3700 J uye kwokutanga velocity inogona kusvika 800 m / s. Otomny magazini akabata mhosva gumi.
• "Tiger-9" akasikwa pasi zvakasimbisa Chuck 9,2H64 mm. Bara mutariri uyu anoyera 16-19 g, ayo tomu simba iri 5800 J uye chinonyanya nokukurumidza inogona kusvika kusvika 820 m / s. Otomny magazini akabata mhosva shanu.

Carbines mhando zvose izvi mhando vari kusiyaniswa anotevera zvinhu:

• The chigadzirwa ane zvetsika yemapuranga kuvhima garo (Birch, Beech, nati), akashongedzerwa aine rabha kuvhunduka absorb uye chivhorovhoro rokuona.
• Wooden unganidza (Beech, walnuts, Birch) vakapakata rabha garo ikanyanya. It ane rusesi nokuda thumbs, rinonzi mapfuranhunzi kana vachibatsira.
• The garo chakagadzirwa aaiitawo nemishonga epurasitiki. Zvaaishandisa ne "swivel dama" zvakakodzera kuti akasununguka kupfura pamwe optics.
• The chombo iri akashongedzerwa ane pfuti kubata uye tubular simbi garo kuti iwe unogona nguva dzose kuenda kurudyi. The garo zvibereko izvi "kutendeukira padama," zvakakodzera kuti akasununguka kupfura pamwe optics. Kureba pfuti wemari akapeta idukusa 260 mm.
• The chigadzirwa rapera pamwe kunovhima handguard, zvakaitwa namatanda.
• The chombo ane refu cylindrical nokupenya suppressor.

By chinokosha carbine "Tiger" chero muenzaniso inogona akaumbwa mudende, elongated kusvika 620 mm. Mbuva zvinosanganisira zvokushandisa oiler kwakadaro, kuchenesa tsvimbo uye nenhumbi siyana, akaisa mukati penzura nyaya.

Mutengi angawedzerawo kutaridza pakavha, imwe Manyiminya anewe chikomboredzo uye ngaasungirire. Bvumiranai, vakapiwa Tichitarisa siyana muvhimi kutenga chaizvo chigadzirwa, izvo vangadai Waipfuudzira kwaari.

Carbine "Los"

Russian kunovhima carbines "Stony" riri Soviet chombo chitoro, iyo akaronga kuti nyanzvi kunovhima mhuka hombe uye nomutoo kadikidiki. Vari nepokuongorora longitudinally ichifambira shutter, kutenderera panguva nokukiya. Hunde zvibereko izvi ane ina kodzero-slicing, chromed dhiramu chiteshi. Power mhosva kunobva bhokisi chitoro integrally akandwa vaitenderera mashanu, zvakavigwa bhokisi. Dzinza inodzorwa pano. The chombo iri nepokuongorora sighting pachena mhando mano yakaiswa pamusoro payo PO4H34 optics. Mabhokisi yaigadzirwa Birch lacquered huni, ane pfuti chimiro aine fungidziro panguva padama. By garo zvakabatanidzwa rabha garo.

chigadzirwa ichi vakasununguka kuti ishande uye kuramba, kukwana disassembly kunogona kuitwa pasina kushandisa midziyo.

Zvinotevera muenzaniso carbine "Los":

• Muna 1962 ibudiswe muenzaniso "Elk-1" pasi vebasa 9H53 mm R. Yakanga yakabereka kusvikira 1976.
• Model "Elk-4" pasi mutariri 7,62H51 mm A kugadzirwa makore 1977-1991.
• muenzaniso "Stony-7" akasikwa pasi mhosva 7,62H51 mm A.
• Papera nadzurudzo ndiye "Los-7-1." Zvinonzi vakapakata otomnym chitoro.
• "Elk-8" zvakakodzera mhosva mm 9,3x64 Brenneke.
• "Los-9-1" (KO-9-1) - 9.3x64 mm Brenneke.
• "Los-9-2" - 7,62H63 mm (30-06).
• "Los-9-3" - 7H65 mm Brenneke.

Zviya, kunovhima nepfuti wokuRussia kugadzirwa zvikuru zvakawandisa zvombo. Somuenzaniso, imwe carbine "Stony" anoshandisa Soviet katuriji okuvhimisa 7,62H51 mm A, riri zvisingaiti kutsiva mumwe katuriji 7,62H51 mm NATO (pamusoro simba vakasiyana).

Kare kuma1990, undoraira 7,62H51 mm A akabviswa kugadzirwa. Asi muna Russia, nokuti vachiridzira zvombo kubvira Soviet Union mhosva nokuda kunovhima 7,62H51M akaita nhasi (.308Win).

Carbine Simonov (VVZR-45)

zvino isu kudzidza yokuvhima nepfuti yeRussian gadzira SKS. Funga muenzaniso uyu mhando carbine Simonov (VVZR-45). Nhoroondo zvombo ichi kuzvipira rokukwidza akatanga pamusangano nhengo People wacho Commissariat zvombo. Musangano kwakaitika musi July 15, 1943. Pairi vaiona nyaya "On matsva ivhu vatorwa zvombo pasi mhosva ane kuderedzwa kukwanisa."

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pamusangano vechikamu vanofarira German vakatapa carbine muchina Mkb 42 (H) pasi idzva mutariri 7,92H33 mm. In ichi katuriji vanokwanisa yaiva shoma pane pfuti German - 7,92H57 mm. Chokwadi, panguva chinhambwe 800 M kubva Zvingatoita kupfurwa bombardment, kunyange bara aiva guru 8.2 g, uye zvikuru nokukurumidza yakanga 700 m / s. Nenzira, kukura uye uremu ichi muchina carbine vaiva vaduku, uye arambe achirema uye kururama kwepfuti zvachose kugutsa vanopfura.

Saka, Russian akagadzirwa kunovhima nepfuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kuvandudza. Naizvozvo, panguva musangano michina kanzuru yakasarudza kuva muzviitiko zvakafanana uye simba katuriji, uye itsva zvidiki pasi pake. Mhosva itsva akasikwa nokukurumidza, uye kare muna 1943, musi waSeptember 3 panguva vanhu Commissariat zvombo ari mienzaniso maviri katuriji pakutanga kukurukurwa. Field kuidzwa itsva vebasa 7,62H39 mm womuenzaniso 1943 (57-H-231) akatanga ari December wegore iroro.

Mukupera 1944, Soviet maoko diki, yakagadzirirwa anorichengeta itsva, vakagamuchira mharidzo wayo wokutanga. Yakanga self-vachizvitakudza kwepfuti, akasikwa S. G. Simonovym. Mukuvamba kwa1945, batch duku zvigadzirwa vakatumirwa musimboti mukuru kosi "The akapfura" muchiuto. Ndiyo "waachangoroora" ipapo rwaiitwa nemiedzo zvechiuto.

Uyezve, hondo yakagamuchira mishumo, izvo akacherechedza pasi uremu, nyore mudziyo, rakaisvonaka maneuverability carbine. Zvakataurwa kuti chigadzirwa ichi chaizvo mune bhayoneti kurwisa uye kupfura. Vazhinji kunovhima dzichapambwa carbines wokuRussia kugadzirwa muri kutadza, uye carbine Simonov ndozvakaitikawo. The Mishumo akati kuti iye nehanya tsvina uye Naizvozvo muitiro vachiridzira ruzha kunoitika.

Kunatsiridza carbine pashure pehondo apedza.

"Saiga"

Uri kushamisika chii chinoumba kunovhima carbines Russian kugadzirwa "Saiga"? Izvi zvinogadzirwa anoshamisa dzinobva AK. "Izhmash" fekitari mainjiniya ndakasika guru siyana mazano nepfuti 410 vakasuwa 12 ndipo uye 20 fung caliber. Ivo vakava pfuti pasi 7,62H51 mhosva 7,62H39, 5,56H45 uye 5.45x39 mm uye 9x19 "Parabellum» (.22 Long kwepfuti). Vashandi wechaunga vakanga kusunungurwa nemamwe maduku mapato pasi chishoma mhosva Soviet 5,6H39 uye 9H53 mm R.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yokutanga akatevedzana yakaitwa carbine "Saiga-5.6" pasi mhosva 5,6H39 muna 1974.

Hunting carbines "Saiga" ane wakatsetseka dhiramu

Russian kunovhima nepfuti kungava smoothbore. Izvi vaizviita vachizvitakudza nepfuti achiumbwa kunovhima uye zvemitambo, kuvhima uye hove, basa rinokosha, kana kukabatanidzwa tactical musimboti. Vanogona kubudiswa pasi nokuchengeta 18.5, 10.2 uye 15.6 mm.

zvigadzirwa aya dzinoratidzwa chete chitaridzi kuti rinovarondedzera.

Izvi Russian kunovhima nepfuti vane zvinotevera kuita zvinhu akaratidza mushanduro inokosha matatu:

• "Saiga (.410,2 kana 20)" pasina nearufabheti indekisi. Izvi kumeso-dzikapupurira Semi-otomatiki pfuti nepokuongorora kuvhima pfuti garo uye honokono zvakaitwa namatanda kana epurasitiki. Upfu ane kureba 680 kana 570 (580 kuti 12K) mm. Pamusoro mhute chubhu ndiwo wakaiswa zvinotyisa - rwemberi kuona uye pamberi kuona. By chinokosha kuti, chigadzirwa inogona vakagadzirira ane chinjika rumbabvu.
• "Saiga (.410, 20 kana 12)" kuti indekisi C ndiye musimboti wenyika kuvhima pfuti honokono, mumwe Kumbofungatira epurasitiki garo mubato moto kuzvidzora (fanana AK). Hunde zvibereko izvi ane kureba 680 kana 570 (580 12C) mm. Pamusoro mhute chubhu vakaisa mberi uye neshure zvinotyisa - sighting mudziyo. On chikumbiro chaiyo, anobvumawo chinjika shure kuona.
• "Saiga (.410, 12 kana 20)" kuti indekisi K iri pfupi kuzvidzora vachizvitakudza pfuti. Izvi "smoothbore pfuti." Pistol kutaba, handguard Nehunde zvinhu vakakopa kubva Kalashnikov. The mudziyo wacho nepokuongorora nokukiya mudziyo, kuburikidza icho zvombo kubva fiyuzi anogona chete kubviswa, kana Nehunde iri akapeta. Upfu yakaitwa 330 mm refu. Sighting mano vane kunovhima kana "automata" chitarisiko.

Carbines "Saiga" Threaded

Funga kuvhima dzichapambwa carbines Russian kugadzirwa muenzaniso carbine "Saiga". Tichanzwisisa mu Kunyora yavo, ine kuverenga chete.

First zvakanyorwa shoko "Saiga" uye Saiga - zita mhuri. Zvadaro verenga hyphenated tsamba rokuti kuti inorondedzera womuenzaniso carbine.

Anozivikanwa indices:

• Kana indekisi asipo, zvinoreva kuti chigadzirwa chinhu yepakutanga shanduro pfuti. hunde yawo ane kureba 520 mm caliber uye 7,62H39 5,6H39 mm uye 555 mm - nokuti 7,62H51, 9H53 uye 5,56H45 mm. The chombo iri akashongedzerwa nenhumbi yamatanda garo.
• Indekisi M anoiswa pamusoro upgraded embodiments carbine "Saiga" rine zvinotevera kuchinja: dhiramu miforo kusvika 555 mm pakukura uye 7,62H39 .223Rem, chikungiso mudziyo ane akaderedza rukungiso simba, vakagadzirira pamwe yematanda wemari rabha garo ikanyanya, 7,62H39 geji iri akashongedzerwa gedhi pamwe Kumira matatu.
• Indices M1, M2 uye M3 zvinomirira misiyano "Saiga-M".
• Index chiratidzo MK muenzaniso "Saiga-M", vakapakata akaderedza dhiramu (415 kana 336 mm) uye kuvhara izvo haabvumiri kuvhura moto unganidza akapeta.

Unofunga kuti Russian dzichapambwa kuvhima nepfuti inotora chete indekisi? Chokwadika kwete! Next hyphenated tinoverenga izita caliber. Zvadaro, pane zvakaitika dzinokosha mazano, mumwe indekisi zvakanyorwa, somuenzaniso: Exp 01 - Exchange musimboti.

zvinogadzirwa Russia

Zvakanaka zvino isu nyora zvose yokuvhima nepfuti wokuRussia kugadzirwa? mufananidzo ounyanzvi izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa mumagazini chero Category. Saka, verenga mazita izvi zvinoshamisa zvigadzirwa:

• Russian kumberi kunovhima carbines uye nepfuti ndiwo chombo, akakwana munzira dzakawanda. The mudziyo uri kupfura yakarurama uye anoyevedza-siyana varwisane pane vava kuremekedzwa vavhimi.
• Carbines TOZ-122 unobereka zvombo Tula fekitari. chigadzirwa Izvi yepamusoro: a nomazviri kwayo shutter yakaitwa nokungwarira zvikuru, chinhu chimwe nechimwe nokungwarira kugadziriswa pashure kutenga hakurevi kuchinja.
• Semiautomatic kunovhima nepfuti, zvikuru kwezvinhu pane "boltoviki", asi avo zvekushandisa parameters, zvinosuwisa, chakanyanya kuderera.
• Kugadzirwa kunovhima nepfuti "Mauser" iri paaivatambudza Germany. zvigadzirwa aya anenge aine chisimbiso zvikuru yakavimbika.
• Russian duku-caliber dzichapambwa kuvhima nepfuti.
• Carbines "TOZ 99 04" kuti kuvhima.
• Self-ndinorova chombo dzichapambwa kuti anokanda makumbo mana makuru.
• Russian Semi-otomatiki nepfuti dzinobva musimboti negasi kuvhiyiwa.
• Carbines kuvhima Sako vari rweruzhinji uye yepamusoro zvombo. Vakazosunungurwa anonyatsozivikanwa chaizvo kambani.

Akakiya kuvharwa kuvhima nepfuti

Ngatichiongororai yokuRussia kunovhima nepfuti-boltoviki. Sei vakasiyana vazvo? Chokwadi kuti vari nepokuongorora pasuwo akakiya runovabvumira pedyo uye rakavhurika ikabereka, recharge uye manually Mumuvhomorerewo ari apedza nyaya.

Kokutanga gedhi uyu akashongedzerwa Dreise pfuti 1841. Tinoziva kuti vagadziri vari kuedza michina zvose kuti vaifanira. Izvi archaism - bhaudhi bhaudhi akanga kwenguva refu kunyura kupinda yokukanganwa. mudziyo uyu ari kupfura zvaitika zvombo haina kushandiswa. Asi kunovhima nepfuti akakiya utorwe vari runovimbisa rakavimbika zvigadzirwa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvikuru munguva ichangopfuura kugadzirwa kwezvombo awana rimwe mhepo rechipiri Russia. Zvino iconic American mutambi Steven Seagal anotsigira vanatenzi Russian. Zvaanoda kunovhima nepfuti yakaitwa Russia. New zvinogadzirwa pfuti musika Munopfuura zvinotarisirwa zvose. pfuti iyi "Saiga-12" (caliber 12/76) pfuti MP-155 (12/76 geji), uye pfuti MP-27 "Silver". Sarudza, zvaunofarira, kudzidza izvi ounyanzvi, uye zvichida iwe uchagona nokukurumidza kuzvirumbidza guru nezvavakatapa!