Mashoko api dzinonzi remutauro uye iyo - professionalism?

Mutauro mumwe mutauro wokuRussia riri guru kwazvo. Asi hapana musayendisiti-nyanzvi akakundikana kuronga duramazwi kupfuura chakakwana, kuti ungadai airatidza uye zvichishandurwa, zvachose mashoko ose. Kunyange yakakurumbira Dal duramazwi, rine Nhamba huru lexical dzakabatana aripo, usingasii kufukidza mutauro zvachose. kuonekwa mumutauro mukufamba basa dzevanhu Words, kana inokudziridza kana invents itsva. Pamwe neavo zviratidzo kuti vakajaira vazhinji, mumutauro pane vaya vaishandisa shoma mapoka evanhu. Vachava nyaya tiikurukure. Nyaya ino zvicharatidza mashoko chii vanonzi remutauro professionalism, jargon.

Obscheupotrebitelnaya Mutauro

Unorema shoko, iro rinoshandiswa akawanda kutaura mumutauro wokuRussia, rinoreva zvakafanana, kureva, avo vari pachena kumunhu wose. Tower, imba, netafura, nechigaro, gungwa, bhuku, dondo, munda, rwizi uye vamwe vakawanda. Ivo zvinoshandiswa pasina chaakasiya, zvisinei dzakagadzirirwa, nzvimbo dzokugara, mararamiro uye zera boka.

Mashoko ose aya vakakamurwa kukosha uye Chimiro pamusoro zvikamu kutaura: adjectives kana verbs, emazita uye sezviverengo, zvisazitasingwi, adverbs.

Uyezve, mashoko aya akakodzera nomumwe siyana kutaura; vari kushandiswa zvakafanana mune anotaurwa uye pamutemo mabhizimisi, uye mune journalistic manyorerwo.

Chimwe chinhu - mashoko akashandiswa, zvakawanda kushandiswa. kurambidza izvi zvinogona kureva imwe ndima, basa, zera kana magariro boka. Usati kudzishandisa muhurukuro, zvakakodzera kuziva kuti pacharo yacho uye kutaura zvakajeka kuziva mashoko chii dzinonzi remutauro uye chii - professionalism. Mashoko aya kuzivikanwa ndechokuti munhu ari mumugwagwa, havanzwisisi uye kuoma kunzwisisa, kunyange ari kutaurwa.

dialecticism

Neobscheupotrebitelnuyu Mutauro akaita kusiyanisa, zvichienderana sei nheyo iri shoma. Izvi achasarudza mashoko chii vanonzi mutauro, vamwe nyanzvi uye vamwe akariposhera. Kutanga nekukatanura kutanga.

Russia - nyika yakakura kwazvo, izvozvo anogara mukanyiwa yemarudzi, uye mumwe munharaunda pane zviratidzo zviri pachena chete nevagari vayo. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti vose vane rakasiyana pakati zvakajairika mashoko, uye zvinobudisa nhau zvakajeka kunzwisisa mashoko chii vanonzi mutauro. Kana achitaura munhu vasingazivi lexical ruvara nzvimbo dzavo, vatakuri mashoko "chinja" iri mumutauro unotaurwa nevanhu.

Takatodzidza akatsanangura mashoko chii vanonzi mutauro, mienzaniso yavo yakawanda: Kusvuta Don Cossacks akadana imba, uye chando kuchamhembe munyika anonzi chete kukura rye.

mhando bazi remutauro

Zvinofanira akati pamusoro mapoka mutauro mashoko, zvichienderana dzakavapo uye zvivakamutauro kuzara vari:

1. Lexical. Avo vari shoko zvakasiyana zvachose, zvikuru kusiyana yakaenzana mune kushandiswa mutauro: bhiti - bhiti, bhanhire - bhandi Tsibulya - hanyanisi uye nevamwe.
2. Ethnographic. Mashoko aya vasina analogues mumutauro kunzwisiswa nenzira yose nyika. More kazhinji - Ndiwo mazita ndiro, tsika uye madzinza maitiro: Saare Nachiye - Karelian pizza akagadzirwa rye mukanyiwa manarka - nguvo uye nevamwe.
3. Lexical-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro. Ivo ndivo mune imwe nzvimbo vakapiwa kukosha vamwe pane nevakawanda kunzwisisa. Somuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nzvimbo, shoko mumuromo rinoreva howa zvose, kunze porcini, uye shoko rinonzi bhiriji paguva reimba.
4. Phonetic. boka iri anomirira tumitauro bychnyh musiyano wezvinyorwa mataurirwo emashoko. Saka, tii iziviswe yokutanga nzvanyira [N], uye purazi - pamwe kwokutanga [IV]. dzakasiyana kwakadaro vanoti mune kumaodzanyemba uye kuchamhembe kumatunhu.
5. Mashoko api dzinonzi remutauro shoko-inotungamirwa? Avo vakachinja dzavo emashoko mucherechedzo kana nokuwedzera kana nokubvisa affixes siyana (mudzi, rinova zvinoreva kutaura, vakasara aripo chimiro): Guska - mukadzi hanzi pokeda - asi dharma - pasina.
6. Morphological. Shoko rinobva zvivakamutauro anoshandura chimiro chayo. Saka, shoko rechiito chiso 3 angava nyoro kuguma iye Ide [mamita] (kuipa), izvozvo Ide [vave], kana munhu zvisazitasingwi mu paku nyaya kupedza fuma vakasuwa yakazonaka; ini (wokuyera) - Me.

Kutaura mashoko chii vanonzi mutauro, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kazhinji vanogona kuwanikwa kwete chete munzvimbo zvatichakurukura, asi mabhuku. Somuenzaniso, vakawanda vari mabasa F. Abramov, V. Astafieva, Sholokhov, Nikolai Gogol. Izvi zvinofanira kuva munyori kubudisa rinokosha kubata dzimwe nzvimbo, kumisha kana nemisha.

mazwi

Hatina rinotsanangurwa uye kunzwisisa mashoko dzinonzi mutauro. Uye chii professionalisms vaifungidzira? Musiyano uri pakati pavo, uye nei ivo nenzvimbo inokosha niche unokosha neobscheupotrebiteloy pakutaura?

Mashoko aya zvakawanda noruzhinji: a basa kana zivo yesayenzi imwe nzvimbo. zviratidzo zvakadai kusiyanisa mumapoka makuru maviri: okuti uye professionalism. Chokutanga, kutanga funga.

Term inorondedzera chero yesayenzi pfungwa, kutanga cho dzakasiyana dzine ruzivo (science, unyanzvi kana production). Munguva yapfuura zvikamu, kutaura mashoko chii vanonzi mutauro, isu akataura kuti mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachako tsanangudzo kwayo kana defintsiya. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo musiyano iri mazwi vari: pachena, zvipfupi, asi nzwisisika tsanangudzo chaizvoizvo kuti shoko iri rinoreva.

Mhando yematemu

Mapoka maviri zvinogona kupatsanurwa pakati-siyana okuti:

1. Scientific mabasa. Ko avo kuti zvinogona kushandiswa chero kusango nezivo; tsvagai kuedza, maitiro. Mashoko aya anoshandiswa unowanzosangana.
2. Special. Vanopinda chero chaiyo munda sayenzi: zvemutauro (yakaoma syntactic kubatana), zvipenyu (the stamen, iyo Chord), geometry (mutsetse, ndege), zvepfungwa (phlegmatic, manzwiro, maonero).

Chimwe musiyano pakati okuti - zvavo zvakanyanyisa descriptiveness. Rimwe shoko kwakadaro kuchatsiviwa mumwe saizvozvo asingatarisirwi, chete mashoko kana mutongo. The maitiro unhu mutauro ano Russian anogona kunzi sezvo kupinda yematemu pakutaura kwezuva nezuva. Saka, isu haana kuzeza kurishandisa hwezuva nezuva pakutaura rwizi, mvura, mhepo. Asi zvose - nenzvimbo mashoko, izvo mune tsanangudzo sayenzi.

professionalism

Takakurukura Munenge ose mashoko kubva pusa kumahombekombe, akataura pamusoro mashoko pamusoro mashoko dzinonzi remutauro iyo - professionalism. Mienzaniso yokupedzisira kukurukurwa zvakadzama muchikamu chino.

Saka, mashoko anoshandiswa pakuburitswa kwacho kana tsvakurudzo, uye achanzi nyanzvi. Musiyano uri pakati pavo uye okuti? Chokwadi kuti ekupedzisira vane tsanangudzo yavo, izvo ingasava nemashoko ounyanzvi. Vari anowanzodanwa kushandiswa mukutaura uye zvinoratidza zvokushandisa, urongwa, mbishi zvinhu uye zvichingodaro. Mashoko aya chinangwa zviite kukurukurirana pakuburitswa vashandi.

By hunhu wokushandiswa professionalism delimit munzvimbo vanhu vaishandisa zvimwe sika: miners, vanachiremba, typographers, vavaki, etc.

jargon

A yoga boka ane nzvimbo mashoko chomumwe vamwe munzanga mapoka: youth (akariposhera), nyanzvi uye musasa jargon uye argot inonzi - mutauro chaiwo mutauro Russian, iyo kutaura mbavha, vagrants nevamwe.

Kazhinji Unogona kunzwa akariposhera - mutauro vechidiki uye vadzidzi. Words akadai zvebudiriro, dhomitari, muswe, inotonhorera, nakisa rwakavapo boka iri kwose kwose.