Mazuva ano mabhuku eRussia - mabasa akanaka

Inguva ipi yenguva iyo inotaridzirwa kune iyo izwi rokuti "mabhuku echiRussia emazuva ano" anotaurwa? Zviri pachena kuti yakatanga kubva muna 1991, ichinge yawana chido chekuvandudza mushure mekuparadzwa kweU.SR. Hapana mubvunzo kuti izvi zvetsika zvinowanikwa. Vazhinji vanotsoropodza nyanzvi vanobvumirana kuti zvizvarwa zvina zvevanyori zviri shure kwezvisikwa nekugadzirwa kwayo.

Makumi makumi matanhatu nemabhuku emazuva ano

Saka, mabhuku emazuva ano eRussia akasimuka pakarepo kuparara kweSoviet Union nekuderera kweSync Curtain, kwete kubva pakutanga. Izvi zvaive zvakakonzerwa nekukodzera kwemabasa nevanyori vemakumi matanhatu, avo vakamborambidzwa kushandurwa. Vanhu vose vakawanazve mazita eFazil Iskander (nyaya "Constellation Kozlotura", inova-epic "Sandro kubva Chegem"); Vladimir Voinovich (inozikanwa "The Adventures of Ivan Chonkin", zvinyorwa "Moscow 2042", "Chinangwa"); Vasily Aksenov (zvinyorwa "Crimean Island", "Burn"), Valentin Rasputin (nyaya "Moto", "Live uye Yeuka", nyaya "Zvidzidzo zveFrance").

Vanyori vema70s

Pamwe pamwe nemabasa echizvarwa chekunyadzisa vanhu vanofungidzira vasiri vemazana makumi matanhatu, mabhuku echiRussia emazuva ano akatanga nemabhuku evanyori vezera revana makumi manomwe vakabvumirwa kuparidzirwa. Akange achinakidzwa nemabasa eAndrei Bitov (inobudisa "Pushkin House", chikwata che "Aptekarsky Island", nheyo "VaMonic Deping"); Venedikt Erofeev (nhetembo mumutauro we "Moscow - Petushki", inomhanya "Vasingadi, kana Fanny Kaplan"); Victoria Tokareva (kuunganidza zvinyorwa zvishomanana "Pazvakava zvinyoro zvishoma", "Nezvakanga zvisingaiti"); Vladimir Makanin ("Tafura yakafukidzwa nemucheka uye ine mutsindo mukati", "Mumwe uye Mumwe"), Lyudmila Petrushevskaya (nhau "Kutinhira Kwemhepo", "Usambofa").

Vanyori vanotanga ne perestroika

Chizvarwa chechitatu chevanyori-vakasika mabhuku chakasimudzirwa kugadziriswa zvakananga ne perestroika. Mazuva ano mabhuku eRussia aigadziriswa nemazita matsva uye akajeka evakasika varo: Victor Pelevin (manyozha Chapaev uye Void, Life of Insects, Numeri, Ampir V, T, Snuff), Lyudmila Ulitskaya (nhaurirano Medea uye Vana Vake "," The Case of Kukotsky "," Kutendeseka Shurik Yako "," Daniel Stein, mushanduri "," Green Tent "); Tatyana Tolstoy (inozikanwa "Kys", zvinyorwa zvenhau "The River Okkervil", "Iwe Unoda - Usada", "Usiku", "Zuva", "Circle"); Vladimir Sorokin (manyowa "Day of the Oprichnik", "Snowstorm", nhamba "Norma", "Telluria", "Blue Lard"); Olga Slavnikova (zvinyorwa "Dragonfly, yakawedzera kusvika pakukura kwembwa", "Wega muGirasi", "2017", "Immortal", "Waltz neChigaro").

Chizvarwa chitsva chevanyori

Uye, pakupedzisira, mabhuku echiRussia emazuva ano ezana remakore rechi21 akave nekufadzwa nechizvarwa chevanyori vaduku avo vakatanga kusangana zvakananga nehurumende yehurumende yeRussian Federation. Kuve vaduku, asi matarenda atozivikanwa angave anonzi aAndrei Gerasimov (nhaurirano "Steppe Gods", "Razgulyaevka", "Cold"); Denis Gutsko ("Russian-Speaking"); Ilya Kochergin (nhau "Mubatsiri weChina", nenyaya "Mhumhi", "Altynai", "Nhoroondo dzeAltai"); Ilya Stogoff (manyowa "Macho haasi kuchema", "Apocalypse jongwe", "Kuchinja kwezvino kwaitika!", Collections of stories "Mumiviri gumi", "Imbwa dzaMwari"); Roman Senchin (inovhura "Information", "Eltysheva", "Nzvimbo yezvifashamo").

Zvinyorwa zvemabhuku zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa

Haisi chakavanzika chekuti mabhuku echiRussia emazuva ano ezana remakore rechi21 akawanda kwazvo nekuda kwevakawanda vanobhadhara mari. Zvimwe zvinokurudzirwa zvinokurudzira vanyori kuti vawedzere kukura maitiro avo. Muna 1991, muRussia Booker Award yakagamuchirwa pasi pemakambani ehurumende yeBritish British Petrolium. Muna 2000, kuburikidza nekusimbiswa kwekambani yekuvaka uye yekusimudza Vistcom, mumwe mubayiro mukuru wakasikwa - National Bank. Uye pakupedzisira, chinonyanya kukosha ndeche "Bhuku Guru", rakagadzwa muna 2005 neG Gazprom. Nhamba yose yekuita mari yemitauro muRussian Federation yava kusvika zana. Kuonga kumitambo yemitauro, basa remunyori rakava rakanaka uye rakakurumbira; Zvinyorwa zveRussia uye zvemazuva ano zvakagamuchirwa zvakakosha pakukura kwavo; Imwe nzira yaive yakawandisa yezvezvechokwadi mumabhuku yakatsigirwa nemitemo itsva.

Kutenda kune vanyori vemazuva ano, shanduro dzemaRussia dzemazuva ano (sezvakaratidzwa mumabasa ekunyora) dzinoita sehurongwa hwekukurukurirana, kuburikidza nekuwedzerwa kwepasi rose, kureva, nekukwereta zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, mazwi ega, kutendeuka pamashoko kubva pamutauro wakafanana, unyanzvi hwokukurukurirana, mitauro yakasiyana-siyana.

Mifananidzo yezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano. Misa mabhuku

Mabasa emabhuku echiRussia panguva ino anoshandiswa nevanyori vavo mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana, pakati peiyo mabhuku akawanda, mushure mekunyorwa kwemashoko, blogger mabhuku, bhuku risiri-anti-utopia, mabhuku evanyori. Ngatimboongororai mazano aya akawanda zvakadzama.

Misa mabhuku nhasi anoenderera mberi netsika yekuchengetedza mabhuku ekuguma kwezana remakore rapfuura: fantasy, fantasy, zvinonakidza, chiito chemufirimu, muchengeti, melodrama, inozive inovhura. Zvisinei, panguva imwecheteyo, inonzwa kururamiswa kwemuitiro wezuva ranhasi hwehupenyu, nekufambira mberi kwesayenzi nokukurumidza. Vaverengi vemabhuku anozivikanwa ndivo vanoita chikamu chikuru pamusika wayo muRussia. Zvechokwadi, inokwezva mazera emakore akasiyana evanhu, vamiririri vezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvedzidzo. Pakati pemabasa ezvinyorwa zvinozivikanwa, zvichienzaniswa nemabhuku emamwe mabhuku ekunyora, zvizhinji zvezvose zvinotengesa, kureva, mabasa ane chikwata chikuru.

Kubudirira kwemazuva ano eRussia mabhuku nhasi kwakagadzirirwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nevakasika mabhuku ane mabhuku makuru ekudhinda: Boris Akunin, Sergei Lukyanenko, Daria Dontsova, Polina Dashkova, Alexandra Marinina, Evgeny Grishkovets, Tatyana Ustinova.

Postmodernism

Postmodernism semafambiro emabhuku eRussia akasimuka mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira. Vateveri vake vekutanga vaiva vanyori veva 70s Victor Erofeev naAndrei Bitov. Vamiririri veiyo mutungamiri vanopesana nehutano hwechokwadi nemafungiro asinganzwisisiki pamusoro pemafungiro emakomunisti. Vaiva muhudhi hunoratidza hutano hwemhirizhonga yemafungiro emhirizhonga. Baton yavo yakaendeswa naVasily Aksenov "Crimean Island" uye Vladimir Voinovich "The Adventures of the Soldier Chonkin". Zvadaro vakabatanidzwa naEduard Limonov, Vladimir Sorokin, Anatoly Korolev. Zvisinei, zvakajeka kupfuura vamwe vose vamiririri vezvino, nyenyeri yaVictor Pelevin yakanga ichidzivirirwa. Bhuku rimwe nerimwe remunyori uyu (uye ivo rinoparidzirwa kamwe kamwe pagore) rinopa ruzivo rwakavanzika ruzivo rwekusimudzirwa kwevanhu.

Zvinyorwa zveRussia panharaunda yemazuva ano zviri kukurudzirwa zvakanaka nekuda kwemashure emashure. Unhu hwake, hunyengeri, hune humwe mukuchinja kwehutano hwevanhu huri hukuru hunosangana nehutungamiri, kusununguka kusonganiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira kunoona hupenyu hwemhando yehutano hwevamiririri vayo. Kunyanya, Victor Pelevin mugore ra2009 rakarongedzwa zvisina kurongwa rukudzo rwekufungidzirwa kuti ndiro rinonyanya kuchenjera muRussia. Kubva kwemaitiro ake ari muchokwadi chokuti munyori akashandura kududzirwa kwake kwakasiyana-siyana kweBuddhism uye kusunungurwa kwemunhu wacho. Mabasa ake mashoma, inosanganisira akawanda masendikiti. Victor Pelevin inofungidzirwa seyakakurumbira ye postmodernism. Mabhuku ake akashandurirwa mumitauro yose yenyika, kusanganisira chiJapan neChinese.

Novels - dystopia

Maitiro emazuva ano emabhuku echiRussia akaitawo mukuvandudzika kwemavara ezvinyorwa - an anti-utopia, nhepfenyuro munguva dzekuchinja munharaunda yemagariro evanhu. Chimiro chechimiro chechimiro ichi ndechekuratidzwa kwezvakapoteredza kwete zvakananga, asi zvakatoonekwa nekuziva kwemuitiro mukuru. Uye pfungwa huru yemabasa akadaro ndiko kukakavadzana kwomunhu mumwe nomumwe uye hurumende yehurumende yemutambo. Mune basa rayo, nhoroondo yakadaro ibhuku rekunyevera. Pakati pemabasa emhando iyi, unogona kutora manyozha "2017" (munyori - O. Slavnikov), "Pasi pasi" V. Makanin, "ZhD" D. Bykov, "Moscow 2042" V. Voinovich, "Empire V. V. Pelevin.

Blogging literature

Zvinetso zvakakwana zvakanyanya zvemaRussia mabhuku zvakaputirwa mumhando yeblogger inoshanda. Rudzi urwu rwemabhuku ane zvese zvakafanana nemitauro yemadzitateguru, uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Sezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano, rudzi urwu runoita tsika, tsika, dzidziso, nekuzorodza mabasa. Asi, kusiyana nezvayo, ine basa rekukurukura uye basa revanhu. Iyo ibhuroti mabhuku anozadzisa basa rekukurukurirana pakati pevatori vechikamu chekunyorwa kwekunyora muRussia. Blogger mabhuku inoita mabasa anoita zvekunyora.

Izvi zvinowedzera simba kupfuura zvinyorwa zvemazuva ose, nokuti zvinoshandisa maitiro maduku (kuongorora, mifananidzo, zvinyorwa zvemashoko, zvinyorwa, nhetembo shoma, nyaya duku). Izvo zvinoratidza kuti basa reBlogger, kunyange mushure mekunge rabudiswa, risina kupfigwa, rakapedzwa. Mushure mezvose, chero mashoko anotevera haasi oga, asi chikamu chebasa rebhuku reblogiti. Pakati pemabhulogi akawanda anozivikanwa, Runet inomira "Russian Book Community", nharaunda "Kurukurai mabhuku", munharaunda "Chii chaunofanira kuverenga?"

Mhedziso

Mabhuku ezuva ranhasi echiRussia ari mukugadzirwa kwekusika kwayo. Vazhinji vemazuva edu vakaverenga mabasa anosimba aBris Akunin, anofarira mafirosofi akajeka aLyudmila Ulitskaya, kutevera zvinetso zveVadim Panov nhau dzinonakidza, edza kunzwa kunzwa kwenguva muzvinyorwa zvaVictor Pelevin. Nhasi tine mukana wekutaura kuti kunyange munguva yedu vanyori vakasiyana-siyana vanoita mabhuku akasiyana-siyana.