Mienzaniso kurongerwa. Earthquake, dutu, mafashamo

Mienzaniso dzenjodzi ezvinhu kakawanda zvakaratidza kuti zvakasikwa kunogona kutungamirira kunjodzi. Simba zvepanyama tsaona kazhinji zvinoparadza uye kunotungamirira dzakakomba migumisiro yakaipa. Gore negore, masayendisiti yakanyorwa anenge mamiriyoni 1 zvizivikanwe nemichina uye microseismic vibrations enyika. About 100 vavo vari oneka vanhu, uye 1000 kukonzera zvikuru kukuvara. Ko tichikurumidza zvizivikanwe nemichina vibrations: nharaunda Mediterranean, kumaodzanyemba Eurasia kubva Portugal kusvikira kurutivi rokumabvazuva mapazi ari Malay Archipelago uye kunharaunda yePacific, iyo akapoteredzwa nePacific Ocean. Izvi zvinosanganisira neeSultan gomo: eAndes Cordillera, muCrimea, eHimalaya, kuCaucasus, ivo Carpathians, iyo Apennines uye Alps.

Kwenyika kunoonekwa on 12-pfungwa kwakaita seismology. Simba achapesana ndee somunhu pfungwa. Mumwe zvibodzwa itsva zvinoreva kuti mumwe vanosundira 10 nguva kupfuura yaimbovapo. Most shamisa kudengenyeka akanyorwa muna 1906 mu California (USA) - 10 points, muna 1923 mu Japan - anopfuura 10 points. Akafira pano, pane vanhu vanenge zviuru 150. Muna 1928, kunetsekana chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine 8 pfungwa Spitak mu. The guta rakaparadzwa zvachose, vakabirwa vaiva vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 25. Champions pamusoro nhamba uye simba kwenyika vaiona Chile uye Japan.

Masayendisiti rakanyorwawo anopfuura 1000 pano vibrations pagore munyika idzi. Akasimba chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine kubva pasi kuonekwa pedyo Japanese muzvitsuwa suruga uye Sagami. Simba nokufamba kuchengetwa Niigata. Local vagari vari saka kujaira ichi kuti hamuna kunetseka zvikuru. City ari kusangana kurasikirwa kukuru achiwira signboards uye kuzunungusa zvinyoronyoro imba.

Nekudengenyeka Japan

A kwenyika kwakasimba Japan, pane imwe nzvimbo rakashama. Muvhu, nyika makatsemuka. Nokufamba kwenguva, vanova rakasiyana, ivhu iri cracking walnut, sokunge ari kutarisirwa. Kana vibrations vari kusimba kushingaira, nyika chaizvoizvo akavhiringika Wavy jerks.

Fani iyi inogona kuonekwa Japan (1923) muna South Kanto. pfungwa kudengenyeka aiva pasi Sagami Bay. On yaro mhenderekedzo vakaparadzwa zvinenge zvose dzimba. Masayendisiti anodavira kwenyika Japan, kupfuura unokuvadza vose.

Mumaguta ose Yokohama uye Tokyo akatonga kutya. In guru Japan akauraya vanhu 6000. Kwakatevedzana moto vakaparadza anenge guta rose. Strong nokufamba yakaitika panguva yechipiri yezana zuva.

Pakarepo, pose paiva inopfuta moto. mhepo Gusty vakatakura moto kwose kwose. Vamwe muhomwe nomoto wakavengana mumwe, uye nokukurumidza nechekare kupisa kubva kumativi ose. Vanhu vaimhanya kwese kwese kutiza moto. Saka, panguva kwenyika iyi akasiya misha mamiriyoni 3.5 vanhu Japanese uye 150 000 vanhu vakafa. Japan kutambura aiparadza kurasikirwa, inova 5 nguva kupfuura nyika havashandisi mari muhondo yeRussia-Japanese.

anoputika

Masayendisiti akashuma pamusoro chiuru anoputika. Ose 2 makore aivapo anoputika anowedzera vatsva matatu. Hazvina nezvimwewo uye chinoshamisa! Maererano masayendisiti, anoputika wokutanga akazviratidza panyika bhiriyoni 4 apfuura.

Mukuru rinoputika iri muUkraine. Zita Kara-Dag. Kwemakomo simba kwakaitika anenge mamiriyoni 150 apfuura. Panguva iyoyo, Kara-Dag haisi ngozi, hazvibviri kutaura nezvazvo mamwe dzomuzana vakakurumbira.

Krakatau rinoputika riri mu Indonesia raMwari Sunda Strait. Rinotyisa kuputika muura gomo kwakaitika muna 1883. It akanyora kuti panguva iyi kuvhunduka chinozunguzirwa akapota rinoputika pose ka7 uye akaita hofori tsunami asvika nekukwirira mamita 30! Somugumisiro mananara aya pamusoro pamaguta 300 nemisha zvakaparadzwa.

Vanhu vakanga chaizvoizvo dzakapiswa romoto gore negasi vabudiswa nokuda kuputika kwegomo. Istria Sayenzi nokuputika Krakatoa unonyanya simba. Simba rake simba muna 200 zviuru nguva kupfuura kuputika renyukireya wakaparadza Hiroshima!

kuparadzwa kwakanyanya pakati Krakatau akaparadza pacharo, asi muna 1927, vaongorori vakaona rinoputika itsva. VokuIndonesia mukamupa zita vaAnaki Krakatau, rinoreva "Mwana Krakatoa". Gore negore, wechiduku gomo rinowedzera kukura kubva 3 kusvika 7 mamita.

Around iye hakuna ugari. Mienzaniso yedambudziko zvakamanikidza hurumende Indonesian kumanikidza kurambidza panzvimbo dzokugara chavagari pedyo kuputika kwegomo. Asi nzvimbo woga vachabatsirwa nayo! In mapazi ichi vanowanikwa tsvuku mapere, dzomusango, ingwe zvikanganiswe uye wokupedzisira yakasarira nyika vaJavhani Rhino.

reVesuvius

rinoputika ichi riri muItaly. Pane asiri munhu asina vanzwa reVesuvius. Simba nezvirwere akaparadza rePompeii, kwete chete, asiwo guta Stabiae neHerculaneum.

Kwenguva refu gomo kwainzi yakanyarara akarara kuputika. Asi muna '79, apo rokuItari rudzi yakanga kutarisira kurwisa yechisimba, gore akaonekwa mudenga. Yakakura mumaziso ake, vakabatwa nehope zvose padurunhuru. Pakupedzisira, kubva pamberi zuva akanyangarika uye paiva yamanenji rima.

RePompeii akanyangarika pasi-mita matatu paiva nemadota. nyaya iyi inosuruvarisa anoudzwa vadetembi uye immortalized ne vemifananidzo. Mumatongo guta rekare kunokwezva vashanyi anopfuura mamiriyoni 3 pagore.

kufekuka 2014

Mukutanga kwezhizha, vanamazvikokota akanyorwa zvizivikanwe nemichina basa munharaunda Bárðarbunga. Zvisinei, kune mugumo muzhizha rinoputika akaita vanhu vanotanga kunetseka zvokutamba. The anorovera wekutanga uye vaongorori hwakanyorwa mabasa magma ari girafu: "Kwegomo, 2014 August 18". The Icelandic Government, kunetseka pamusoro kunyunguduka mazizaya avhara mugwagwa mnozhestno nzira. Kubvisa kuti vagari vemo vakatanga kubereka 20 August 2014. Vashanyi vakanga akashanyira Iceland, zvakare, dzakamanikidzwa kudzokera kumusha. Kuputika Bárðarbunga kusvikira October 2014.

moto

Mienzaniso yedambudziko anoratidza kuti achangopedza vanhu vakadzidza kuzomisa kuvaka zvivako zvakaitwa namatanda uye zvakawanda zvinobata moto zvinhu, moto akatanga kubuda. Chimwe chezvinhu pokudengenyeka moto kwakaitika muguta Boston (1872).

Crazy choto kwakaita huru zvemari kukuvara vanogara munharaunda. Somugumisiro kuti paiva moto, pakaita dambudziko akudzivisa zviuru vagari vemo misha yavo. Mazana makambani uye hwakawanda nemakambani inishuwarenzi kusauka zvakaparadzwa.

A dzakatevedzana zvikanganiso uye kusanzwisisana zvakakonzera zviri vakapisa dzimba 766 uye vanhu 20 muguta pakati. Somuenzaniso, pakutanga yakazivisa nokukiya hurongwa yave chirema. Izvi zvakaitwa nokuti kakawanda mishumo yenhema. Sezvineiwo, pasinei Tichitarisa nezvinhu panguva iyoyo (mamiriyoni 70 emadhora), Boston akakwanisa tarisa pashure 2 years.

London yaibvira muna 1212. The moto vakauraya 3000 vanhu vanenge chetatu guta rakanga matongo. Izvi hazvisi moto wekutanga munhoroondo London. Asati ava moto njodzi yakanga 1130 uye 1135, ukuwo. Ichi guta guru akapisa 6 nguva. Kudeuka moto ndiye yakaitika 1666. Mumoto vakaurayiwa vanhu vatanhatu, asi moto zvakakonzera zvakakomba kukuvara zvinhu kuLondon, aparadza dzimba dzinopfuura 13.200 uye machechi 80.

The chete chinhu chakaitwa ichi kunyatsoshanda moto kuti - akaparadza muzvitangwena tsvina chokuita Dambudziko Great. mhando iyi yokuchenesa zvakabatsira London azomutswa pashure moto munzvimbo kare kucheneswa. Chimwe moto shamisa muguta reRoma kwakaitika muna 1964.

The moto muRoma uye kwete chete

Legends pamusoro ichi moto njodzi kuenda nhasi. Mumwe wavo ari kuti Kesari Nero nemaune yakasarudza uchatengesera Rome rimi kuchenesa nharaunda kuvaka muzinda wake mune ramangwana. Asi shanduro iyi haisi noumboo, uye saka akaramba ari pamwero yokufungidzira. Kunyange zvazvo, gare gare Emperor chaizvoizvo kuvakwa matongo akapfuma yamambo, asi pashure pemakore mashomanana simba rake yakadzikira.

Maererano nenhoroondo chokwadi, murazvo aitambudza muRoma 5 mazuva. Historians wakabura mumwe 8 maguta anozivikanwa nyika katasroficheskimi moto! Chicago ichi (1871), San Francisco (1906), Peshtigo (1871), Texas City (1967), Halifax (1917), Tokyo (1923). Zvikurukuru vawirwa nenjodzi Tokyoites.

The guta rakanga panguva akarwiswa nokudengenyeka simba, uye ipapo akawana pachake murima zvomoto. mhepo Gusty akatakura moto kwakasiyana-siyana. Vanhu vakaedza kutizira rakavhurika kumaruwa, asi hazvina kumuponesa kubva kukuvara uye rufu.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mumwe dzinoungana muguta kutadza kufema kubva utsi dzakapoteredza dzimba uchipfuta vanopfuura zviuru 35 vanhu. Vanopfuura 500,000 vanhu vakarasikirwa, akafa Tokyo vanhu vachiverenga 174,000. Vakapona refu yeuka vachishevedzera: "! Fire Emergency" moto kwete maduku kwakaitika muAmsterdam (1421 1452 years), Moscow (1547 1812 years), Copenhagen (1728 1795 years).

On kunharaunda Russia yokupedzisira 3 makore akanyorwa moto mu maindasitiri zvirimwa: mu Yekaterinburg (2012) prozoshlo moto pane imwe fenicha chirimwa, uyewo nomusi Leningrad zvokuimba fekitari. Information nezvevakafa uye vakuvara ikoko.

Muna 2013, kwaiva moto pamusoro bhekari bhekari muna Plasvkom Tula nharaunda, pamusoro tangi papurazi iri Irkutsk mudunhu. Muna 2014, zvakanga raputika gasi nezvakavhenganiswa, pashure iyo moto payakatanga muna Omsk chirimwa chitoro. In February iroro pakanga moto pamusangano petrochemical chirimwa "Stavrolen" guta Budennovsk. The kubviswa moto kwakaitika nezvishoma. Zvakatora mazuva mashoma. Kwechimbichimbi anomanikidzwa vanotambura mukukuvara uye anopisira vanhu 11.

Madutu uye washington

Izvi dzinongoitika dzoga dziri chokuita nezviitiko ekunze mhepo. Active cyclonic basa iri mumhepo chinowedzera madutu, washington uye dutu. Izvi zvakasikwa anganzi kumanikidzwa mhepo makore neumwe simba uye simba zvazvinoita propellant chiito. Photos madutu uye washington zvakajeka anotipa mufananidzo chikara simba.

On mundima Russian madutu kakawanda Kuril Islands, Chukotka, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Khabarovsk uye Primorsky kumatunhu. Kazhinji, madutu kuitika mumatsutso uye angaperekedzwa snowfalls, chimvuramabwe, mapopoma. Kupwanya mhepo anokwanisa kutakura mumapapu kweimba, kukuvadza zvivako zvikukutu yokuputsa kubvarura kukwira miti nemidzi.

Mienzaniso yedambudziko vane chokwadi chokuti munguva dutu uye dutu kuvanhu tikatyisidzirwa kukuvara, kukuvara uye kunyange rufu. Rimwe hwakasimba madutu ndiwo yakaparara muna 1780, chitsuwa muCaribbean. mhepo zvokuvamba akafamba simba rayo kubva Newfoundland kusvika Barbados. Maererano masayendisiti, dutu iri akauraya vanenge 22 zviuru vanhu. Vanopfuura 600,000 vagari vakasiyiwa vasina misha. Seven mita chinozunguzirwa dutu akatema anenge ose nemisha. Vakaona kutaurwa kuti mhepo chinhu Akaperekedzwa Zvaifadza mvura kuti chaizvoizvo akadambura omuti kure miti vasati kungaparadza.

Science anoziva mumwe dutu pamwe yakaisvonaka zita "Catherine". Iye akazvarwa Bahamas muna 2005, iye akawana simba uye akadurura hasha dzake pamusoro American pamhenderekedzo. Zviremera hazvina kugadzirira kudaro nokukurumidza kukura zviitiko. Kunoparadza dutu kwakauraya upenyu vanhu 1836.

In Russia izvozvo akanyora dutu iri Lublin, iyo ikawira June 29, 1904. Zvapupu vakati kuti masikati, kwasviba. Ari nzvimbo yokudenga padzimba kupenya kwemheni. Chikuru muupenyu ari dutu rakatanga muna Lublin, ipapo ini akatamira Simonov wemamongi, Rogozhsky nharaunda uye akafamba kurutivi Lefortovo, anokunda mativi ose Yauza. On mumigwagwa yaiva chinhu sanzwisisika! Vanhu vakatizira kumatende avo dodging ichibhururuka pamusoro pavo mapuranga, zvidhinha, machira simbi kubva padenga. mhepo simba zvinoita crackle, ungudzai, ichidzvova kutya. dutu iri rwakatora maminitsi hapana anopfuura maviri, asi zvapupu kwechishamiso ichi kwenguva refu nguva akagoverana pamaonero avo. Vakanga kunyanya akarova ndechokuti rimwe mumigwagwa rakaparadzwa pasingapindike ibwe. nedzinde wandisa zvikukutu akanga akaremara uye avete mumugwagwa.

mafashamo

Long inoremerwa kunayisa muchimiro wokunaya kukonzera mafashamo. Zvinokuchengetedzai kutaura kuti munyika idzodzo dzaitongwa nemhepo yakasimba, dutu, dutu - mafashamo hakudzivisiki. Zvinonzi seva sefungu. Izvi pachena kumahombekombe nzvimbo. Kana pasi pemvura kwenyika uye kuputika kwemakomo kuitika mafashamo anokonzerwa Tsunami nemafungu.

Zviri zvakare dzinongoitika chakajairika kunoitika nokuda nokukurumidza kunyunguduka chando Somuenzaniso, pamusoro penzizi kuchamhembe hemisphere. Pamapani uye mipata makomo mafashamo zvinokonzera breakouts intraglacial uye dziva madhamu.

Muchikwata che "mafashamo makuru" rinoreva St. Petersburg (1824). Panguva njodzi mvura pamwero iri Neva River akasimuka 4.14-4.21 mm kupfuura dzose. Kuuraya vanhu vanopfuura 100. Chimwe mafashamo zvakaitika China (1931), kuverengwa vakafa vanopfuura zviuru 145 vanhu.

Muna 1938, mvura chinhu zvakare akaparadzawo Chinese vakawanda. On mundima Russian zvikuru kwazvo mafashamo akaitika kuFar East muna 2013. Zvinonzi semhosva "rwokuzvarwa mafashamo."

The mhaka tsaona vakatanga kudiridza yacho monsoon inonaya, nokuda Kudira rwizi zvakakonzera isina kumboitika vosimba remvura Amur. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mumatsutso 2012 yorwizi yakanyangarika pasi yechando dzakayerera sediments. Maererano nenhamba kubva mafashamo kwakakanganisa vanhu 80 zviuru, uye kukuvara zvokurima vanofungidzirwa pa 8.5 MAWP rubles.

kurayira

Saka, vamwe kunenge vanofanira kubatsira vanhu kana rwokuzvarwa bedstviya.Chelovek kukurumidzirwa anokwanisa kuona kuvhunduka, saka nomutsa verenga mitemo yokuzvibata panguva njodzi.

Kana uri ndokuwana mafashamo, ipapo pakarepo edza kukwira kuna rokumusoro uriri, matenga edzimba uye attics. Musakanganwa kupa zviratidzo panjodzi semucheka kana tauro usiku - imwe furashiraiti.

Kana mafashamo harumiririri kuchikosha kutyisidzira, asati adzokera kumba kwako, kuti vaone kana simba zvakakwana. Iva nechokwadi kuti fefetedza kuti kwakavakirwa kubvisa akaunganidza magasi.

Ngwarira zvinosanganisira magetsi. Chinhu chokutanga kuti aone rakavimbika wiring nezvimwe kukurukurirana. kusachena vakauya mvura zvose inokurudzirwa kubvisa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Izvi zvichaita kudzivisa kupararira chirwere. Kana mvura iri asingakundiki uye chinotyisidzira, kununurwa vakuru bvisa vanhu kubva njodzi yacho.

Kana chiziviso hwevanhu dutu, danho rokutanga iri zvakasimba pedyo mahwindo ose, mikova uye atiki mawindo. Kana kusvika mhepo (dutu, dutu), munhu anokosha kuwana ngozi pokuvanda. Zvakanaka kana iri kana duku nzvimbo mumba kana bhesimendi.

Zvinofanira kuva kure sezvinobvira kubva pamukova uye hwindo mawindo. Chinhu chakanakisisa - ndiko kuti nhema pasi uye kufukidza musoro wako nemaoko ake. Kana munhu akazviratidza munguva dzinongoitika kupindirwa mumotokari pamusoro mugwagwa, ipapo unofanira pakarepo kubuda ari motokari. Chokwadi kuti pangasava nzvimbo, inoerera uye Makomba havafaniri kupinda munhu achishungurudzika. Areve nhema pasi uye edza kudzivirira musoro wake nemaoko ake.

Njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, dzinongoitika dzoga - a kakawanda chakajairika munyika yedu. Saka, zvose izvozvo akakurudzira kuva mumba kufamba mukwende kana pane zvakaziviswa: ". Emergency Alarm". The mukwende inofanira kuva mbatya dzinodziya, kunwa mvura, rwekutanga zvi- ne mishonga, migove, makopi zvitupa magwaro, mumwe furashiraiti uye shoma mari. Nguva nenguva tarisa pasherefu upenyu zvokudya uye mishonga.

Avanyevera - iri forearmed

In njodzi dzose ine maitiro ayo: yezvakaita kukundwa, ndeyokuti kuparadzwa, nhamba yevanhu sei. Zvinokoshawo kuziva zvinokonzera uye hunhu njodzi. Pamusangano akachenjera maitiro vemo Anokwanisa kuderedza mhando dzose vaaida.

, The mamiriro gadziriro achipindura zvashata ezvinhu akati kuti yakarurama Kufembera kuti chidzoke uye kusimudzira njodzi uye zablogovremennoe akazivisa uwandu hwevanhu - kuchiri chinetso chikuru. Zvino ichi tinofanira kushanda.

In zvashata ezvinhu anofanira kuva sangano zvose zviripo zvivako. United nezviito yeUnited nemakanzuru masimba, zvashata madhipatimendi pavanoparidza nomazvo pachena chiito runoita kutambura kwevanhu nzufu ndoda uye pfuma kurasikirwa. Parallel izvi, inonyatsobudirira ndivo zviyero kuti zvibviswe tsaona uye nemigumisiro yayo.