Mufananidzo weIda Rubinstein, Valentin Alexandrovich Serov: tsanangudzo yemufananidzo

Paris. Kune gore ra1910. Zvose zveFrance guta guru rinopenga pamusoro pemwaka weDiaghilev. Vakuru veParis vanofungidzira vatotonzwa hurumende dzeRussia, nevaimbi vedu vakanaka, vane nzvimbo inoshamisa. Icho chaiva kutenderera kwema ballet. Parisian kukunda michina yaMikhail Fokin, saka inoyevedza, inodedera nemapfekete uye nzvimbo dzakasikwa nevatambi vedu vakanakisisa, asi zvinotyisa ndezvokuti A. Pavlov naVi V. Nizhinsky, T. Karsavina naR. I. Rubinstein. Nokukurumidza, iyo huru V. Serov ichaumba chinyorwa chisingakanganwiki naA Pavlova uye kunyora mufananidzo weIda Rubinstein.

Nyaya pfupi nezvemhuri

Ida Lvovna Rubinstein (1885-1960) akaberekerwa mumhuri yakapfuma muKharkov. Hapana chizvarwa chimwe cheRubinshteins chaigara mairi. Vakawanda, kusanganisira baba vake, vakanga vari vanokudzwa vagari veguta rino. Sekuru vakavaka imba yebhangi. Baba vake nababamunini vake vakanga vane zvinhu zvitatu zvekugadzira shuga, ivo vanovabatsira. Pavhiri ravo raNovaaya Bavaria doro rakabhurwa uye raitengeswa munyika yose. Mune mabhanga mana aive nawo, kutengesa kukuru kwemari kwakaitwa. Kuva nemari yakawanda, havana kukanganwa nezvorudo.

Hama dzaigara dzichipa mari yekutsigira nzvimbo yevaJudha uye sinagogi. Vakanga vari kuita basa rekushandira uye vakagadzira "Russian Music Society" muKharkov. Imba yavo yaida kushanyira KS. Stanislavsky, achibva mumhuri yakafuma yevashandi veRussia vashandi. Asi hapana munhu aiziva mufananidzo upi waIda Rubinstein wakanyorwa.

Brief biography

Apo Chirongwa chiduku chaiva nemakore mashanu, Ernestina Isaakovna, amai vake, vakafa. Makore maviri gare gare akava nherera, nokuti baba vake, Lev Ruvimovich, vakafawo. Mwana wacho akawira pfuma yakawanda. Mutariri wake aiva munun'una wekuzvarwa. Asi haana kurarama kwenguva refu. Kwemakore maviri chete, akapona hama yake.

Mumwe musikana ane makore mapfumbamwe akaendeswa kuna mukoma wake mukuru kunzvimbo yake muSt. Petersburg. Yaivawo mhuri yakapfuma zvikuru. Vakada uye vakaparadza nherera, asi havana kukanganwa kuti aifanira kudzidziswa. Gare gare Ida Lvovna aiva nemitauro mina. MuSt. Petersburg, Ida akapedza chikoro chesekondari. Akakurira nechitarisiko chinoshamisa chisina kujairika, chakanga chakareba uye chakaonda. Ida achangobva kukumbira mifananidzo, asi gare gare Ida Rubinstein mifananidzo inonyorwa. Ida pachake akarota nezvebasa remuiti wemiti uye akaedza kuita mubasa guru mumutambo "Antigone". Asi vatsoropodzi vakapa mhinduro dzisina kunaka pamusoro pomutambo wekutanga. Akabva aita kuti Michael Fokine amupe zvidzidzo zvake. Akanga asinganetseki pamusoro peizvi, nokuti yakanonoka mu ballet isingauyi. Zvisinei, kushivirira kwemusikana kwakaputsa zvipingamupinyi zvose. Saka akauya kumhanho. Hungu, kwete mune vamwe, asi mune zvemazuva ano, iyo iyo yose inoti "inopesana nezvino." Uye basa iro "akazvibvisa" iye pachake, akatya munhu wese. Fokine yakanyatsobatanidza mufananidzo wakazonaka kubva pamusana. Akatanga kuonekwa pachena mu "The Dance of the Seven Beds."

Kutanga kwekutanga

Hazvina kunyadzisa mutambi wose akabuda kuvanhu vose mumakumbo uye zvinomwe zvinorema mabhanji anofukidza chifukidzo chemuviri wake wakareba kubva pamusoro kusvika kune imwe. Leon Bakst akashandisa mufananidzo wehupfeko kwaari . Iye zvino taizodanidza kuti striptease. Asi shoko iri harina kuonekwa. Vatambi vafambisa vakarindira, sezvinotyisa kushambadzira, imwe pashure payo zvivharo zvinotumidzwa semumwe dhani, uye pakuguma chete mitsetse yemicheka yakavaraira inoramba iri mudhanzi. Fascinated movements full of passion. Apo Ida yakazorora munguva yekupedzisira pa, imba yacho yakashamiswa. Uye ipapo dutu rekushingaira kwakamuka. Havana kumurega kuti aende kwenguva refu. Ndaifanira kudzokorora hafu yehafu yekutamba. Mifananidzo yake, iyo inonyengedza, inofadza muzana remakore rechi21, uye mufananidzo wakavezwa waIda Rubinstein uchaonekwa. Iko kushingaira, kuzere netarenda, kuchava maitiro ake ehutano.

Paris neDiaghilev

Mudzidzi waM. Fokine Sergey Diaghilev akaenda kuParis. Kunyange pakati pevadzidzisi vakangwara, akanga asina kurasikirwa. Nhoroondo yezvokuverenga, inofungidzirwa naMikhail Fokin, yakazarurirwa zvakakwana, inoshamisa kune vakangwara veParis vevateereri, zvavakanga vasina kuona. Akashamisika Debussy akamunyora "Martyrdom of St. Sebastian." Shamwari inonzi Romaine Brooks, munyori wekuAmerica, akanyora zvinyorwa zvezvifananidzo zvayo mumufananidzo waSt. Sebastian.

Uyu mukadzi akanga ari, pamwe naIda, akapfuma kwazvo uye aikwanise kuwana hupenyu mumigirisi yekutsika yegumi nematanhatu. Anotanga pakutanga, uye achizoshanduka muchamupupuri we "Bolero" gare gare, muna 1928, achanyora Ida Maurice Ravel. Igor Stravinsky acharatidza bhari risingaenzaniswi "Persephone", uye Valentin Serov - mufananidzo waIda Rubinstein.

Kuuya kwaValentin Serov kuFrance

Valentin Alexandrovich akauya kuParis pamwechete nemwanasikana wake mukuru Olga. Uye, chokwadi, vakaenda kuGreat Opera, uko mabhallets akapiwa neboka raSergei Diaghilev. Pasi pemararamiro aIda Rubinstein, munhu wose akamuona mumakore iwayo akawira. Haasi munhu asina hanya. Ida yakanga ishanduka uye isingazivikanwi. Aigona kuzadza dhanzi nepurasitiki yenyoka kana kuputsa mifananidzo. Mikhail wavo Fokin akawanikwa mumifananidzo yeEgipita. Muzvinyorwa-reliefs. Akamanikidza vateereri nevatambi kuti vadzidze unyanzvi hwekare reEgipita, kuisa dhani nenzira yakadai kuti dhaniki akadzokorora mifananidzo ye-bas-reliefs, achiva kurutivi rwevatariri. Mutambi wacho akave akapfava, sekuti kana maviri-maonero. Basa racho raiva rokuunza kunhuhwirira kweEgipita ku "Cleopatra".

Ida, pamwe nemitauro yeSemu, nemuromo mukuru, nemhino nehwamanda, ganda rine matte risina kusvibiswa, haro yebvudzi rakasviba guru pamusoro wake raisagona kunge rakafanana nekugara kweAsiriya kana Bhabhironi. Nhamba yacho, yakagadziriswa nemabasa ezuva nezuva pamuchina, yaive yemazuva ano, uye chiso chakatorwa kubva kune imwe nguva yekare. Izvozvo zvichange zvakasikwa mumufananidzo. Mufananidzo weIda Rubinstein Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov achanyora muna 1910.

Scheherazade

Kwekutanga Valentin Serov akaona Ida Rubinstein mu Scheherazade naN. Rimsky-Korsakov. Nyanzvi Mikhail Fokin haana kuisa mararamiro emitambo yekumaodzanyemba, asi mutambo, apo zviito nemanzwiro zvakaratidzwa nekufamba. Shahriyar, achibva, anosiya huri yake uye mudzimai wake anodiwa Zobeida. Anotamba naIda Rubinstein. Akanga akatsamwa pakuenda uku. Bheroerina akaratidza hasha dzake nechiito chimwe chinoreva. Akafuratira zvakanyanyisa kubva kumurume wake, uyo akauya kwaari kuzotsvoda. Uye nguva inotevera inodedera, ichimirira mudiwa wake. Ane mwoyo murefu uye ane shungu! Akaronga mufananidzo wacho nenzira ine mari yepamusoro, zvakanyanya. One pose. Kutya kutendeuka kwe musoro.

Ida akafungisisa uye akanzwa mutsara wose. Paakadzoka, shah shaya akaziva nezvemhirizhonga uye akarayira kuti vakadzi vake vose vaurawe. Asi haagoni kuronga kuuraya mudiwa wake Zobeide. Inokurudzira kuda uye rudo, kutsamwa uye kuora mwoyo: akatengeswa nemuranda mutema nemudzimai mukuru, anodiwa zvikuru, Zobeida. Mumaziso ake, kuurayiwa kweropa kunoitika. Iye haashamisi. Iye ane mbiri. Rufu rwakasvika pedyo naye. Asi kutya uye kutya hazvizivikanwi kwaari. Hapano kufamba kamwe chete. Akazununguka, sechifananidzo chebwe. Akazvisimudzira kumusoro, kwaasingafaniri kufa. V.Serov akaona izvi, nekutenderera kwakakwana, kuzere kwepasi. Nechifaro, Valentin Alexandrovich akapinda mumashiripiti enyika yekumabvazuva, apo zvigunwe nezvigunwe zvakagadzirwa, zvakashongedzwa nemhete, uye micheka yakajeka yaL. Bakst yakavhiringidza mafungiro, sekunge achireva kuti aigona kubviswa. Zvechokwadi, munhu anofanira kunyora mukadzi wechidiki uyu asina kujairika. Mvumo yechitarisiko chaIda Rubinstein Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov akagamuchira nokukurumidza.

Mu studio yevhidhiyo

Nekushanda, Valentin Serov akasarudza kereke yeimba ye Chatel yeChechi yeKaturike muInvalides Boulevard. Ikoko akachera imba yake pachake ndokugadzirirawo semusangano ikoko. Vose vashandi vakatarisa kunze kwemahwindo, apo Ida Rubinstein aifamba ari pachivanze chezvikamu. Mifananidzo yeSerov, isati yanyorwa, yakatotanga kufarira chikonzero ichi chinoshamisa.

Akauya nemusikana uyo akamubatsira kuti adzore. Muenzi wacho aitya kuti muimba yekare yematombo yemuenzaniso wake kuchava kutonhora. Asi "mimosa" haina kutya. Ida Rubinstein akanga achigara kwechikamu mushure memutambo. Mufananidzo waSerov wakatotanga kumutsira. Aita mifananidzo, munyori akamira ndokufunga nezvekutora mafuta kana temera. Akamira pamatte tempera, uye kubwinya, kupenya kwakatsvuka kwezvindori zvemavara pamaoko ake netsoka, zvichivhenekerwa namafuta.

Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov, mufananidzo: mifananidzo yaIda Rubinstein

Kuisa pazvigaro zvakaiswa mapuranga, Serov akakanda jira rebhuruu pamusoro pavo. Akadyara chimiro nemusana wake kwaari. Kutsigira pamaoko anoumba isosceles katatu. Uye makumbo akareba kwazvo akaputirwa mucheka mutema. Kana iwe ukatarisa zvakanyanya, iwe unoona imwe katatu muhutano. Makumbo nemuviri zvinokanganisa, sekunyorwa kwe yoga. Asi ballerina iri nyore. Mushonga wake wakajeka, wakaremara unotora chero ipi zvayo yakagadzirirwa iyo icharatidza nyama iyi inoshamisa isingaiti. Saka munyanzvi akatanga mafananidzo aIda Rubinstein. Akanga achitya kuti aisazosimudza ziso rake, iro rakapinda mukati mezvinyorwa zvezvisikwa. Asi Ida akanga asina tsitsi. Kuratidza mufananidzo waIda Rubinstein, Valentin Serov (1910) akaramba kubva pane zvidzidzo zvekudzidzira. Akavhuna tariro. Akaita chikamu uye muviri weimwe ruvara. Muenzaniso unosanganiswa nemadziro. Iyi ndiyo nzira yemazuva ano yakaonekwa panguva iyoyo. Zvose zvakasvibirira zvidhi zvakasvibiswa zvakajeka. Zvichida iyi inzvimbo, sezvakaitwa mumabasa ekutanga aArenaissance. Asi musoro waSerov wakanga wakaoma kupfuurira mukati mehafu.

Random uye hazvipindiki

Muenzi wacho haana kusika mufananidzo chaiwo wevambiki. Pakati pemuenzaniso wake uye iye pachake ari nhema mugomba risina chigadziko. Mufananidzo weIda Rubinstein - Mufananidzo wakaoma unobatanidza chokwadi nekokorodzano. Serov, kushanda intuitively uye nokuziva, achishandisa unhu hwevanhu uye maitiro aIda, zvakasikwa, saka pane manzwiro ekuti unhu hwebhorareina hwakaoma. Anonzwisisika, mufananidzo wacho wakaramba uri mufananidzo.

Uku kuonekwa kunokwezva, kudzokorora, mapurasitiki, kunaka kwake - zvose zvakaratidzira Serov. Mufananidzo waIda Rubinstein (1910) wakafanana pamwe chete nemashoko, akachenjera uye akasuruvara. Muenzaniso wacho unenge usina simba uye usingadziviriri. Hongu, iye anoshamisa zvikuru, anodengenyeka, akazvimirira, asi panguva imwe chete muvezi akaratidza kusachengeteka kwake, mutambo womukati. Izvi zvakagadziriswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nechokwadi chokuti Serov akatora muenzaniso usina kusimba. Mukutsvaga chimiro chepamusoro, mufananidzo waIda Rubinstein wakanga wakavezwa. Mufananidzo wacho wakaratidzwa mufananidzo wakazara wemukadzi wemakore ekuderera.

Mikhail Vrubel

Akangwara M. Vrubel akafa muna 1910. Asi izvi zvisati zvaitika akanga achirwara zvikuru. Wakapofumadzwa. Kubatana kwake nenyika kwaiva mudzimai wake anodikanwa, inzwi rake raMwari. Saka, kutsvaka mifananidzo yaIda Rubinstein Vrubel haina maturo. Haana kumbozvinyora.

Ndepi iri mufananidzo waSerov iye zvino?

Mutungamiriri weRussian Museum akabva atora basa iri rekupedzisira Serov, pasinei nekurwiswa kwevatsoropodzi. Akamuverenga, uye, sezvakazoratidza nguva, nenzira yakarurama, shoko idzva mune unyanzvi uye, zvakare zvakare, unyanzvi.