Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard": nhoroondo yokusika. "The Cherry Orchard", Chekhov

The Russian munyori mukuru Anton Pavlovich Chehov - munyori asingakanganwiki mabhuku ounyanzvi. mabasa akadai nokuti mudariro se "The Gaviota," "Three Sisters", mutambo "The Cherry Orchard", vanobatanidzwa repertoires mitambo yose nyika kwemakore anopfuura makore zana uye akabudirira zvikuru pamwe paruzhinji. Zvisinei, kuti ibudise wechokwadi Russian zvakaita mabhii zvinoitika kwete ose dzemitambo dzavatorwa. Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard" - ndiro basa wekupedzisira Chekhov. Munyori aienda kuramba kushanda mumunda chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo unyanzvi, asi chaitadzisa chirwere.

"The Cherry Orchard", nyaya pakusikwa kutamba

Russian Mutambo theatre uri kubva mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, dzakasiyana vanyori kuzvitsaurira. Writer Arkady Ostrovsky aishanda zvinobudirira kusvikira pazuva rokupedzisira. Akafa muna 1886, upenyu-gore 63, kubva huta okuneta. Anton Pavlovich Chehov, kare nechirwere chisingarapiki, vakashanda, pasina kubuda muhofisi, nokusika pachavo nemamwe ounyanzvi dzavo. Manzwiro, kwakawedzera zvakawanda zvive, akamutsa unyanzvi zvakadini mabasa.

The kutamba guru Russian munyori wemitambo Antona Pavlovicha chehova "The Cherry Orchard", nyaya kwezvisikwa uko chokuita zvisingafadzi. nguva emunyori upenyu, yakabudiswa muna 1903. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, pachikuva of Moscow Art Theater airidza mutambo "Vatatu Sisters", yaiva isati yamboitwa kubudirira. Ipapo Chekhov akasarudza kutanga kushanda raitevera mutambo. Mutsamba yake mudzimai - mutambi Olge Leonardovne Knipper, iye akanyora kuti: "... asi rakatevera kutamba, izvo achanyora, uchava anosetsa ...".

Haisi mafaro

Aigona kuva "kusetsa" wokupedzisira kutamba ari munyori, iye akasika asati afa? Kashoma, asi zvinosuruvarisa - hungu. Drama "The Cherry Orchard", nyaya kwezvisikwa izvo haidereri Zvinosiririsa pane mutambo pacharo, razova upenyu munyori wemitambo huru quintessential yose pfupi. Characters basa nesipereti dzakakwirira zvinoyevedza nderechokwadi, uye zviitiko, kunyange zvazvo Kuzarurwa zvimwe chisingatarisirwi divi, hapana chaiyo chivande dzisina. Kubva pamusoro pakati kutamba pane zvinouraya pekusadziviririka.

Vanya Andreevna Ranevskaya

Nhoroondo kuparadzwa wenhaka ane muridzi womunda akwegura havana chokwadi. The hama kubudirira Lyubovi Andreevny Ranevskoy hakusi mubvunzo, kunyange zvazvo pfungwa iyi inotsigirwa chete sananga. Her kuchamuka kutengeswa zvikwereti, asi akasiya mukana yokudzokera Paris. Ranevskaya vakaparadzana pamwe Cherry mumunda wemichero, inova chikamu hwake, asi pamwe pacho nezveramangwana vakwegura protagonist hunobuda zvinokurudzira. Munyori haana kushandura yechiitiko Manor achitengesa kuwana Lopakhin akateverwa nokuveza miti muboka anosuwisa mwoyo. Kunyange zvazvo, Chokwadi, kurira nesanhu, kutema miti, ndiyo akarova kuti zvaitika Ranevskaya nemhuri yake.

Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard", nyaya kokusikwa kunoratidza chido Antona Pavlovicha chehova kure sezvinobvira kuratidza mari nguva, anozivisa kuparadzwa uye kusaongorora yagara Estates. Kufa anokudzwa Estates, iyo akavhuniwa nokuda zvichaitirwa vanhu vave dzaishandiswa munyori wakakunzwa frankness. Zvinosuwisa muupenyu vagari matendere of vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata - chikamu Russian chokwadi nguva, rima uye nezvimwewo.

Mugumisiro yose upenyu rokusika

Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard", vatambi anotorwa kubva muupenyu munyori - ichangobva basa munyori wemitambo Chekhov. zano raro zvishoma zvakanyatsobatana upenyu munyori. Panguva iyoyo, mhuri Anton Pavlovich akamanikidzwa kutengesa imba iri Taganrog. A munyori wemitambo kuziva vomuridzi womunda AS Kiselev - muridzi wemunda Babkino yaiva pedyo Moscow, akaita kuti zvibvire kuti vanzwisise zvinetso varombo nechavakuru nani. Kiselev kuchamuka akatengeswa zvikwereti, uye vaimbova muridzi akapinda basa muna rimwe Kaluga mabhanga. Saka, Kiselev aiva kumumvuri hunhu Gaeva. Vamwe vatambi vari kutamba "The Cherry Orchard" vakanga akatorwa upenyu. Characters pabasa iri mubvunzo dzinogona kuwanikwa chero kupi. Ava munhuwo vanhuwo zvavo.

Okugadzira zvinhu uye chirwere

Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard", nyaya kwezvisikwa iyo chokuita chinorwadza chirwere uye kukurira chirwere, zvakanyorwa mishoma. It premiered musi waJanuary 17, 1904, zuva rokuberekwa Antona Pavlovicha chehova. The Moscow Art Theater akakudza munyori waro. Zvakakomba munyori vachirwara akawana simba kusvika kuratidzwa. Hapana aitarisira kuti aone Chekhov ari yemitambo, vateereri akamupa kumira ovation paruvanze akaunganidza zvose zvinoyevedza uye mabhuku Moscow. Rachmaninov uye Chaliapin, Gorky uye Bruce - dzemauto rokusika zviedza of Moscow Chekhov kutungamirira anoremekedzwa dzavo pamberi.

Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard", magamba uye vatambi

Vatambi Theater nezvinobvamo muna 1904:

• The hunhu chikuru - mumwe muridzi womunda Vanya Andreevna Ranevskaya.
• mwanasikana wake Anja, makore 17.
• Hama Ranevskaya - Gaev Leonid Andreevich.
• Chakagamuchirwa mwanasikana Lyubovi Andreevny Varya, makore 24 okuberekwa.
• Student - Trofimov Petr.
• The muridzi, mumwe muvakidzani - Boris Borisovich Pischik.
• Mushambadzi - Ermolay Alekseevich Lopahin.
• Governess - Charlotta Ivanovna.
• Wezvokukurukurirana - EPIKHODOV Urume Panteleevich.
• Maid - DUNYASHA.
• Old hweta - nemisipiresi.
• The wechiduku hweta - Yasha.
• Postal wezvokukurukurirana.
• Unopfuura.
• Varanda.
• Guests.

Mutambo "The Cherry Orchard" - Chekhov kuti Paaidzidzisa - akasikwa rokupedzisira gore woupenyu munyori, uye nokudaro hapana chakaipa kuti vanzi vachimuoneka kero kune vanhu munyori wemitambo kukuru.

pfupiso

Usingafi kutamba "The Cherry Orchard" by Chekhov akava mhedziso rokusika nzira munyori uye munyori wemitambo akakodzera. Heino pfupiso diki.

Manor womunda Ranevskaya pamwe kwazvo Cherry wemichero anofanira kutengeswa nokuda kwechikwereti. Iye LUBOV apfuura makore mashanu, anogara kumwe chete mwanasikana wake Anya namanomwe. mukoma Ranevskaya raMwari (Gaev Leonid Andreevich) uye varia (vakagamuchira mwanasikana Lyubovi Andreevny) kurarama kusvikira munda, usingagoni kuponeswa. Nyaya Ranevskaya enda kuipa - makore matanhatu kubva kumurume wake akafa. Ipapo mukomana muduku akafa (rikanyuramo murwizi). Zvadaro chimwe chinhu LUBOV uye akaenda kunze kwenyika neimwe nzira kukanganwa. Raanaro unoda, nokuti izvo zvino aifanira kutarisira nemhaka yokurwara kwake.

homecoming

Zvino, pamusoro avaida kutengesa, muridzi wemunda, pamwe chete nomwanasikana wake Anna anodzokera kumba. Pachiteshi mufambi akasangana Leonid uye Varya. Dzimba dzavo kumirira tsaru shamwari zvomutengesi musikana LOPAKHIN DUNYASHA. Gare gare anouya mabharani EPIKHODOV kushuma.

Kuna Manor ngoro nokutyaira, misangano kufara, asi munhu wose anotaura chete zvake. LUBOV pachake achichema vakakomba mumba, anoyeuka makore apfuura, uye pamusoro vanoenda anoteerera nhau. DUNYASHA anogoverana tenzikadzi mufaro EPIKHODOV zvakamuita mukana.

LUBOV vanomira kutora mweya, uye ipapo LOPAKHIN anoyeuchidza wake chokwadi kuti zviri kuda kuti atengeswe, asi kukwanisa kuponeswa, kana mubindu kutema, uye pasi kupa piecemeal rendi cottagers. Pfungwa iri chaizvo akasimba, kunze womumvuri zvomunguva yakapfuura nokuti kare Ranevskaya. Bayirai Lopakhin kwayo makaitika - sei unogona kuparadza Cherry mumunda wemichero, nokuti zvose upenyu hwake kare!

Mumwe mhuri LOPAKHIN

Vapererwa LOPAKHIN anoenda, asi pachinzvimbo zvichiratidzika Petya Trofimov - "mudzidzi kusingaperi", mumwe pimply jaya, aimbova mwanakomana mudzidzisi Ranevskaya. Unofamba-famba vakakomba imba yokutandarira, asina njere. Guys, akasiya oga Varya, anotanga kuvaka pfungwa sei kuti aponese munda kubva pakuparadzwa. Anoyeuka tete vake Yaroslavl, nezvayo hapana akanga anzwa mumakore gumi apfuura, asi kuziva panguva iyoyo zvose kuti iye akapfuma chaizvo. Leonid anoda kumunyorera tsamba ane uta.

LOPAKHIN akadzokera. Akatanga zvakare kunyengetedza Ranevskaya uye hanzvadzi kubhadhara munda rendi, kunyange zvazvo vakanga vasina kuteerera. Desperate chinhu izvi vabvume "wokumwe, kwete basa, zvoufuza" vanhu LOPAKHIN kuenda. LUBOV okumbira vakamunyengetedza, nokuti "mafaro kupfuura nawo." Peter akabata nzeve uye akatanga vilify vakadzidza vanoda kuti philosophize, uye vanhu vari kubatwa semombe. LOPAKHIN vanokwanisa sikuruu kukwira mashoko mashomanana sei kumativi zvishoma vakadzikama vanhu. Ipapo anokudimburira Ranevskaya uye anoyeuka kuti nokukurumidza wokutengesera zuva.

Mubvumo nedemo sezvo kuguma hwose

It rinotanga 22 August - zuva iro yakarongwa okisheni. The usiku pamberi wemunda rinopedza bhora, vaimbi vakokwa, akarayira dyira. Asi hapana akauya, kunze mabha- wezvokukurukurirana ngakurege chiteshi tenzi wacho, asi kamwe pauriri yokutandarira kutamba vemauto uye vanokudzwa.

Ranevskaya anotaura Petey Trofimovym uye unopupura kuti upenyu hwake huchava maturo kana pane cherry wemichero. Zvadaro kuudza mudzidzisi chakavanzika: zvinoitika, akanga ose zuva teregiramu akatumwa kubva Paris kubudikidza aimbova anoda, umo iye ndichichema okumbira kuti adzoke. Sezvo vanoti, pane lining sirivha. Peter anoshora wake zvakavanakira "chisingakoshi, zviduku munyengeri haanganzi mukomboreri." Ranevskaya akatsamwa Petya anodana "eccentric, Dzakachena hakunakidzi." Ivo kupopotedzana.

LOPAKHIN kuuya Gaev uye tizivise kuti chakatengeswa, uye kuti akanga atenga LOPAKHIN. Nomushambadzi anofara nokuti akakwanisa kugadzira okisheni pamusoro Deriganova, yokunzvenga nayo nokuda zvakawanda mapfumbamwe zviuru. Zvino Ermolai LOPAKHIN kukwanisa akatema Cherry mumunda wemichero, kugovera nyika ive kwokurangana uye risi kune cottagers. I kurira nesanhu.

Kuparadzwa aburuka Estates

kutamba Chekhov kuti "The Cherry Orchard", musoro chakanga saka kukamura uchishandisa kuti pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19, inozivikanwa se chaizvoizvo kuratidza zviitiko. Vakuru vaigara guru werudzii, tiri kuramba vakakwereta mari uye rubatso zvikwereti yagara wemunda. Zviri zvikuru zvakasikwa kuti ipapo akaenda pasi nenyundo. Ranevskaya LUBOV akatema Cherry mumunda wemichero, kukwira demo mupfungwa dzake. Uye vamwe Varidzi, yashatiswa, akazviuraya, uye zvinoitika kakawanda.

Zvinoitwa "The Cherry Orchard" sechinhu paruzhinji chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo chimedu zvingaderedzwa kuti pfupi mashoko: Cherry yemichero sezvo zvinoreva munhu hwomunhu pangozi uye vakatongerwa mukuru munzanga uye zvacho landlords.