Muviri kukosha mukaka mukaka zvinogadzirwa

Muviri kukosha mukaka uye zvigadzirwa akaita pamusoro wayo hwaro, anosarudza kukosha yaro dietetic zvokudya. Kusanganisira zvokudya zvakadaro zvaunodya, iwe saturate muviri pamwe calcium, uye zvimwe zvinokosha zvinhu. Mukaka anoita munhu zvikuru utano uye yakanaka.

Ndeipi muviri ukoshi?

Kuva vanofarira izvi kana zvimwe zvinhu zvechadenga zvigadzirwa, zvakakodzera yakavimbika kuziva kuti dzinorevei. Nokudaro, muviri mutengo - ndiwo mazita zvivako kuti asangane vasiri zvinodiwa muviri wakakwana. Kazhinji ichi izwi iri raireva zviri mapuroteni, mafuta uye makabhohaidhiretsi ose 100 magiramu zvibereko.

Uyewo kucherechedza kukosha chinhu chakadai chaivo ukoshi. Rinoreva runoenzanirana amino iine acid Kuronga chigadzirwa muviri womunhu zvinodiwa. Achitaura nezvokukosha simba mutengo, zvinokosha kuziva kuti ichi ndicho uwandu macalorie kuti wasunungurwa munguva kubudiswa mumutumbi chigadzirwa.

Mukaka: makemikari anoumba uye muviri ukoshi

Mukaka - ndiwo chikafu kwevanhu vokutanga kuti vanopa muviri zvose rwaunoda kubva pakuberekwa. Nemhaka mupfumi makemikari anoumba kuramba achishingaira anokosha muviri. Saka, muna mukaka rine zvinhu izvi:

• mapuroteni;
• mafuta;
• lactose;
• chicherwa munyu;
• mvura.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti inokosha yakatarwa yenhengo kuti hadzikwanisi munguva mukaka. Makemikari anoumba uye nutritive ukoshi zvingasiyana zvikuru, zvichienderana Nezvekwakabva chigadzirwa, uye nzira ayo kugadzira.

Kana uchida mashoko akawanda nehanya mapuroteni zviri mukaka, ivo raimiririra sealbumin, globulin, uye casein. Last glikopolimakropeptida munyaya nokuumbwa, iyo inowedzera digestibility vamwe zvinoriumba. mapuroteni All dzinoratidzwa nechiedza Absorção de Água uye ane zvose zvinokosha amino acids.

Kwemafuta huri mukaka muchimiro duku inoramba. Vanoumba zvose chaunofarira cream. Mukaka mafuta 96% yokuita zvinoitwa muviri, nokuda kwayo yakakwirira kupararira. kugutsikana yaro chigadzirwa kunobva mwaka (zhizha, nhamba iyi ipfupi), uye kunaka kutarisira mhuka.

Kufunga zviratidzo zvakadai sezvokudya, simba kukosha mukaka, mumwe anogona kutaura pamusoro carbohydrate moiety. Iye chinomiririrwa lactose. Ndicho kuvapo chikamu ichi imhaka zvichiita agadzirira yakavira mukaka zvigadzirwa.

Muviri ukoshi mukaka kunotemwa nemupristi kugutsikana mavhitamini. The cores vari A uye B. A shoma aripo ascorbic acid, nicotinic acid, riboflavin uye thiamine. The soro wevasungwa mavhitamini mumukaka ari kuchengetwa muzhizha. Uyewo pane chakarurama ichi kunogona kukanganisa nzira kubudiswa uye okuchengetera zvinhu.

Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro mavhitaminzi

Sezvambotaurwa, kune muviri kukosha mukaka nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka kunonyanya kukonzerwa yakakwirira kugutsikana mavhitamini mavari. Saka, kana tikanyatsoongorora makemikari anoumba, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti rine zvinotevera chicherwa zvinoriumba:

Mhando dzakasiyana mukaka

It dzinongoita nemaonero kwayakatangira muviri ukoshi mukaka. Saka, zviri vaiona kupfuura zvinovaka nondo. Wevasungwa mapuroteni uye mafuta kunosvika ukuwo, 11% uye 20%. With Panyaya rokuti vhitamini, katatu zvikuru kupfuura nyaya mukaka.

The puroteni anogutsikana - chikuru chakarurama. Hazvina fuma iyi anosimudzira kukura nhengo. Chokwadi, mwana kunokosha mukaka ane puroteni zviri 1.25%. Saka, kana kuti zvimwe chikonzero vane zvokudya mwana mumwe chigadzirwa, chinofanira kushandiswa rakasanganiswa muchimiro.

Muviri ukoshi mukaka dzinongoita pakutsvaga yezvakaita mapurotini zviri mukati. Saka, vakawanda mhuka purazi (kusanganisira mhou uye mbudzi) kupa casein mukaka. Uye, somuenzaniso, imwe hachi uye mbongoro sealbumin. Nokuda kwayo sezvamunoita chinonyanya rakafanana mai, zvakadai mukaka mabasa somunhu akakwana kutsiva dzichifura mucheche. Tudonhwe sealbumin chikamu casein, saka tinogona kutaura kwayo digestibility akanaka.

mukaka yose

Pasinei nokuti mukaka - ichi ndechimwe inonyanya chigadzirwa kuti vanoziva kubva pauduku, zvose hazvina vari kufunga kuti kunongova akawanda, ayo nevamwe zviratidzi inozivikanwa. Saka, nokuti akatanga zvakakodzera Kuteerera mukaka yose. Muviri kukosha pane izvi, ndiye soro, nokuti chigadzirwa haisi pasi chero kurapwa. An Kunze angava percolation chichiitwa, iro rinoitwa pakarepo mushure kukama.

Whole mukaka rine mukuru uwandu mavhitamini uye chero zvinhu. Uyewo, pane mukuru wevasungwa calcium, iyo wefodya zvinenge chose pachitunha. chigadzirwa ichi rwunoverengerwa pamwe kwokungosimbisa zvirwere, normalization pakati tsinga, kubvisa chirungurira, kumhanyisa kuti muviri.

Zvisinei, panyaya mukaka yose pane zvinoverengeka shora mashoko. Kupiwa ayo yakakwirira mafuta kugutsikana, hazvina yakakodzera dzichifura mucheche. Hongu, uye vakura, kwete zvose kushivirira chigadzirwa ichi. Saka, maererano ichangobva data, lactose kusashivirira anotambura wechitanhatu vepasi. Whole mukaka ane allergen uye zvinogona kukonzera chirwere kutapukirwa ngozi.

skimmed mukaka

Kudzingana nokuti maererano kunoita vanhu kutenga zvigadzirwa akanzi "0% mafuta". Ichi Muitiro rave kwakakanganisa mukaka. Uwandu mafuta mukati hazvina kupfuudza 0.1%. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi anonzi Ivan Kuchin, ndiko yaunganidzwa kuparadzana dzemauto mukaka. Buyers vanofanira inonakidza kuti vakawanda mukaka haina akatuma pamusoro chitoro echiShinto uye shure papurazi kuti mhuka kudya kunovaka.

Haufaniri kuva dzaitarisira kuti chigadzirwa akadai skimmed mukaka. Muviri ukoshi hwayo kunyora nezvavo. Makabhohaidhiretsi uye mapuroteni, ukuwo, 5% uye 3%. Inozivikanwa nokuda mafuta 35 kcal. Panguva iyoyowo mukaka kunoratidzwa mupfumi vhitamini uye chicherwa sezvamunoita. Asi vanachiremba regai yemutemberi kurishandisa nguva dzose.

Zvakakodzera anoteerera mukugadzira muitiro. Muviri ukoshi yakaoma skimmed mukaka yekudyidzana wakaderedzwa panguva kugadzira. Kana achibvisa mafuta chezvinonhuwira chigadzirwa iri rinenge chose kusiya mavhitaminzi A uye D. Saka, mapuroteni uye calcium yakawanda iyo asare mukaka haagoni ozeyewa pachitunha. Kana iwe kazhinji kushandisa vasiri mafuta mukaka yakaoma, uye muviri pachake zvinhu zviri kwezvinoshandiswa.

Mukaka upfu: asi muviri ukoshi

Mune rimwe guta guru hakusi nguva zvinogoneka kuwana dzinongoitika chigadzirwa. Uyezve, vanhu vanowanzofunga kupa anozivikanwa zvinhu kupfuura yakakodzera chimiro, akadai upfu. Muenzaniso wakanaka upfu mukaka. Muviri kukosha chigadzirwa kwakafanana chepakutanga. Asi iwe unofanira kugadzirira anonzi patsva mukaka. To upfu uyu rakasanganiswa nemvura (1: 7). Panguva iyoyo mukaka ino ingangodaro kugadzirira mukaravhani yogati, koteji chizi, uye zvimwe zvinobatsira zvigadzirwa.

Food uye chaivo ukoshi mukaka hwaponeswa nemhaka chinokosha rwokugadzira. Rapid nokuomesa rinoitwa, uye tembiricha asingadi kupfuudza madhigirii 40. Saka, zvokudya zvose zvabatwa. Uye nemhaka akaderedza mwando kugutsikana (haufaniri kupfuura 6%), kuchengetwa kwenguva yakareba chigadzirwa kunosimbiswa.

Muviri ukoshi yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka

Tinofanira kubvuma kuti vashomanana vanofarira nenyaya dzakadai muviri kukosha yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka. Nokuti vanhu vakawanda, chinhu chaanofarira vaitire. Kunyange zvakadaro, yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka harisi chete rinonaka, asiwo unobatsira chaizvo chigadzirwa. Nokuti kutanga zvinokosha kuziva yakakwirira mapuroteni tigutsikane ari chigadzirwa. wevasungwa Its anogona kusvika 35%.

Kutaura zvazviri, yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka - nayo Ipwa mukaka. Muviri kukosha chokupedzisira chigadzirwa iri zvishoma yakaderera, asi vakawanda haisi shoma inobatsira. Yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka wefodya chose nokuda muviri, rokunyorovesa nokuripisa calcium phosphorus. Saka, nguva dzose aidya chigadzirwa ichi, unogona kusimbisa mapfupa utano, ziso uye kuwedzera waivako mupfungwa.

Kunyange zvakadaro, yaiitwa yakapfupikiswa mukaka hakufaniri kushungurudzwa. Chokwadi kuti rine yakawanda ine shuga chinoguma refu mafuta kugutsikana (328 kcal) uye chinokosha pakuderedza carbohydrate (55.5 g). A guru nhamba chigadzirwa kunoita kuti pave kufutisa, chirwere cheshuga uye mazino.

dheri zvinogadzirwa

Zvinoumba, muviri kukosha mukaka kuti chigadzirwa ichi mumwe zvikuru nevanhu. Kunyange zvakadaro, rudo rwake kune vashomanana zvakatsvinda. Vanhu vakawanda vanoda dheri zvigadzirwa. Havaiti chete kuramba kubatsira mukaka, asiwo zvainoita zvomudumbu hurongwa rinobatsira. Saka, zviri kunyanya kuziva zvinotevera zvigadzirwa:

• Kefir vazvigadzirira kubvira pasteurized mukaka. Rinowedzera rinokosha mona, pashure izvo chinovira kwacho kunotanga. Muviri kukosha chigadzirwa kunoenderana zvachose unhu mukaka. Kana chete chigadzirwa, rokuti mapuroteni nezvokuvandudzika anenge 3%, wevasungwa 3% mafuta uye 4% carbohydrate.
• Acidophilus mukaka kugadzirirwa kubva pasteurized chigadzirwa kushandisa kwemabhakitiriya tsika. Zvichaita ane anenge kuenzana yakawanda kwemafuta uye makabhohaidhiretsi (anenge 3%) uye 10% carbohydrate. Tichitarisa yakaderera acidity zvibereko, ayo vanoshingaira kushandiswa vana bhodhoro-zvokudya.
• "Belakt" - asiwo yakavira mukaka chigadzirwa akaita kushandisa utachiona. It kunoratidzwa refu zviri makemikari. Chimwe chigadzirwa chinhu chiri pamberi iri Zvinoumba zvinhu kuti vane ehupfumi yakafanana nemishonga.
• "Narine" - a yakavira mukaka chigadzirwa kuti akauya kwatiri vachibva Armenia. Ikoko iye achishingaira kushandiswa dzichifura mucheche. Nemhaka inokosha utachiona vari mbiriso, iyo acidity zvakakwana pasi. A achipinda "Narine" zvaanopa simba kugadzirwa imwe pfuma kudzvanyirira pathogenic tupukanana. To mapuroteni uye mafuta ari chigadzirwa vane ukuwo, 3% uye 4%, uye makabhohaidhiretsi - pfuurei 6%.
• Koumiss rakagara richidudzirwa yaigadzirwa hachi mukaka. Asi zvinozivikanwa Recipes chakatorwa nokuda mhou. The mukaka akawedzera ichivira, rine utachiona uye mbiriso. Muviri ukoshi hunoenderana pahwaro yepamusoro uye kukura. Zvinogona ane kusvika 3% mapuroteni, 1% mafuta uye 6% carbohydrate. The chigadzirwa runobatsira kugayiwa, uye anewo tonic migumisiro.
• Yogati - haisi akakurumbira yakavira mukaka chigadzirwa, asiwo kufarira vaitire vose. Kare zvakanga rakagadzirirwa chete kubva wemakwai mukaka. Kuti tiwane yogati, hwaro inofanira kuwedzerwa anonzi Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Paavhareji calorific apedza chigadzirwa dzinoratidzwa nechiidzo 57 kcal. Mapuroteni, mafuta uye makabhohaidhiretsi zvirimowo mairi, ukuwo, 4%, 2% uye 6%. Izvi nhamba dzingasiyana, zvichienderana norudzi mukaka uye nzira kugadzira. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kushandiswa chete ane chete yoghurt wakachena kwete ane colorants uye uhwiro nevamiririri.

Other dzakakurumbira zvinogadzirwa

Kubvira kare, vanhu kuziva mubvunzo uyu, sezvo muviri kukosha mukaka. Dairy zvigadzirwa pamusoro wayo hwaro Arikugadzirira akasiyana-siyana zvikuru. Kunyange zvakadaro, pane imwe nhamba dzakakurumbira, idzo dzinenge nguva dzose aripo pamusoro petafura, zvinoti:

• Cottage chizi - ndicho chimwe chikafu chinokosha, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva yakakwirira mapuroteni kugutsikana (anenge 14%). gadziriro dzayo chakavakirwa muitiro kuti lactic chinovira. Cheese ane refu acidity. Asi nhamba iyi ipfupi nokumutsa mafuta zviri chigadzirwa.
• Muitiro nokuita chizi kwakavakirwa kunayisa pamusoro casein. Zvichienderana mapiro mukaka chinogadzirwa, chigadzirwa zvinogona kuoma, nyoro, brine uye fused. Rokuti mapuroteni inogona kusvika 30% (uye mafuta).
• Sour ruomba - chigadzirwa wakagadzirirwa pachishandiswa pasteurized cream. Zviri zvakakwana ushingi (mufananidzo uyu anogona kusvika 40%).

mukaka mhando

High muviri ukoshi mukaka mapuroteni anosarudza vanhu vakawanda chigadzirwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, kune muviri rinobatsirawo chete uhwu. Zvinoitwa mukaka kunonyanya novimba sei kubudiswa rinoitwa.

Mukaka, izvo akauya chirimwa rokutanga nzvimbo cheki nokuda organoleptic maitiro. Kana akazova akakodzera mitemo, izvozvo yakasvinwa kwazvo kuti abvise tsvina. Zvadaro, indekisi normalization nokuwedzera skimmed mukaka mafuta kana cream.

Ndicho nzendo kukosha pasteurization uye mbereko. azvaiitwa zvinodiwa kuparadzwa utachiona, uyewo dzinoverengeka makemikari. Saka, zvinobvira kuti kuwana yakachengeteka chigadzirwa, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva okuchengetera-refu.

Pasteurization ari kuitwa kwenguva refu kudziyisa. Somugumisiro, mukaka alters yepanyama kuravira. Uyewo kucherechedza kuti vasanyanye wevasungwa calcium ari chigadzirwa.

Ko mukaka anotakura ngozi kuti munhu?

Food uye chaivo ukoshi mukaka inoita chigadzirwa ichi chimwe chezvinhu anobatsira. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinokosha kutaura ngozi kuti anotakura. Mukaka kunogona kuva manyuko ngozi zvinotapukira. Utachiona inogona kupinda chigadzirwa kubva mhuka uye panguva kugadzira.

Nemavhairasi anogona kuvapo kwete chete mumukaka, asiwo zvinhu yagadzirwa ayo hwaro. In ichi incubation nguva bacteria kunowedzera. Saka, zvirwere zvikuru ngozi pachishandiswa mukaka ndeinotevera:

• Foot uye muromo chirwere - akabatwa chirwere kuti anorwisa ari mucous membranes uye kufema turakiti. It akaratidza muchimiro Maronda akasiyana uye maronda. Hutachiwana chirwere chiri husingakwanisi kuchipisa. Kuti kuchiparadza, unofanira kubika mukaka kwemaminitsi 5.
• Brucellosis - chirwere chinokonzera kurasikirwa zvinenge zvose muviri enyika. ngozi Its iri chokuti iri kutanga kwekupwanyiwa izvozvo anobuda anenge asymptomatic. Mukaka kubva nemhuka utachiwana brucellosis, kaviri mazhinji kupupa tevera pasteurization.
• Tiibhii - inokanganisa vainyanya kufema hurongwa. Kana mhuka akawanikwa hweHIV kwakadaro, mukaka zvaisambobvumirwa kudya.
• Other Zvirwere ngozi - ndiko hwechigwadara, chimbwamupengo, hepatitis, denda, uye vamwe. Mhuka nezvirwere zvakadai vachaparadzwa pamwechete kwairayirwa pamberi chiremba utsanana.

mhedziso

Kubva pamazuva ekutanga choupenyu hwevanhu ndiwo mukaka rinopiwa muviri zvose zvinokosha zvinovaka muviri uye mavhitaminzi. Saka, kushandisa chigadzirwa ichi hazvirambiki. Kuti tirambe Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mapfupa utano, zvomudumbu, achitya, uye dzimwe gadziriro womuviri, mukaka iri nyore vanosungirwa kuvapo muna zvokudya. Zvakakosha kusarudza unhu chigadzirwa, uye rose kana skim - kubatwa nokungwarira.

Pari pamusoro pamusika pane zvakawanda nomukaka zvigadzirwa, izvo vanoitwa dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira muviri ukoshi. Pakati pavo, mumwe anogona kazhinji kuwana zvakawanda zvinhu anozivikanwa "Farm" kana "Country". Kusiyana mufashoni nezvemaitiro, zvigadzirwa zvakadaro vanofanira kubatwa nokungwarira akaipisisa, nokuti mukaka kuti haana ndavhiyiwa kupisa kurapwa uye pasteurization, zvingasanganisira nemavhairasi dzinokanganisa kuvanhu.