Neguva Kant muna Kaliningrad (mufananidzo)

Kudzidza nhoroondo uzivi, tinodzidza inonakidza chokwadi: zvinoitika, Immanuel Kant akaberekwa uye akafa muna Königsberg. Asi guta rino, aimbova nhengo East Prussia, zvino iri mukati Russian Federation uye akadana Kaliningrad. Saka, guva Kant vake, muvambi uzivi German dzenhoroondo, riri mukati miganhu nyika yedu. Chivi kwete kushandisa chokwadi ichi uye kwete kushanya Kaliningrad. Asi sei kuwana zvisaririra hunonyanya ainzi muguta ano? Izvi zvichabatsira nyaya yedu. Uye guta pachayo pazvitsuwa dzakawanda unokosha kushanyira. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana akanga akapfeka Krulevets mazita Königsberg, Kaliningrad. Asi kupfuura zvose, akanga uye achiri ndiwo musha muguta uye nzvimbo yokuzorora Kant vake.

Biography of muzivi guru,

Immanuel Kant akaberekwa pazuva maviri yechipiri April 1724 mumhuri Artisan nokururamisira yakapfuma akasika saddles. Vashoma yakakwirira mari baba akabvumira mukomana kudzidza panguva nomukurumbira girama chikoro "Friedrichs-Collegium", uye ipapo kupinda University of Königsberg. Asi zvino baba vake vakafa, uye Immanuel Kant anomanikidzwa vabude. Kuti atsigire mhuri yake, akatanga kudzidzisa. Panguva ino kuti akatanga anofamba kunze chizvarwa guta rake. Kant akashanda somuperekedzi. Panguva iyi, jaya musayendisiti kwakasimbiswa imwe pfungwa nezvekwakabva zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri, izvo haana kurasa kukosha kwayo nguva yedu. The bhuku rino zvaiita kuti vadzivirire chinyorwa Kant. Doctorate kodzero iye kuva muzvinadzidzo. Kubva 1770 kusvika 1797 akadzidzisa musayendisiti mumuviri, akarongeka uye dzouzivi nyaya payunivhesiti chizvarwa guta rake. Zvinonzi zvose izvi kwemakore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe Kant akapfuura kubva pamba kuti basa chete nzira. Akafa ari anoremekedzwa nyanzvi wegumi February 1804. Kant kwakaita Tomb Wakapedzisira iri professorial crypt of Cathedral Cathedral of Koenigsberg.

Mupiro uzivi nyika

Achitonga nemakore oupenyu, musayendisiti aiva Kujekerwa. Zvisinei, Kant, yakanga mberi nguva yaro. Pakasvika Great French Revolution (1789), mufaro shanduko kwasvika taundi duku East Prussia. All akadyara "miti rusununguko". Zvisinei, Kant, akaramba mupfungwa. "The echimurenga kukuru - kuti ini", - maererano nengano, kamwe akati. Uye akanga zvakarurama. mabasa ake "nekuongorora Rokufunga Kwakachena" (pamusoro epistemology), "nekuongorora Rokufunga Anoshanda" (nezvetsika) uye "nekuongorora Yokutonga" (the aesthetics) - revolutionized European uzivi. Tinogona kutaura kuti pasina dzidziso Kant kungadai kusipo zvakabuda Hegel, Marx nevamwe vanofunga zhinji German. Uyu murume akauya muuzivi pfungwa kuvandudza. Naizvozvo, guva Immanuel Kant muna Kaliningrad ichingori nzvimbo outorwa.

mariro

Pokufa muzivi pezvemakuriro ichi kwakakurudzira nyika yose zvesayenzi, asiwo guta musha wake, sezvo Kant aiziva Königsberg vaduku nevakuru. kubata nguva yake yakanga kunozivikanwa. Maererano naPurofesa, akasiya kuti vanofamba, vomuguta synchronize pakurinda. Naizvozvo, kuwana mutumbi wemufi kuti ndinovawoneka yakatora gumi mazuva. Mubhokisi pamariro vakatakura zvikuru unyanzvi mudzidzi wepayunivhesiti makumi maviri nezvina. Vakazovatevera vatariri boka ravarwi Königsberg, uye shure kwayo - guru revanhu veguta. Pakutanga, guva Kant iri yekare purofesa wacho guva, riri yakabatana rwokumusoro Cathedral. Chivako ichi rakaisvonaka, akaita sezvinoita kuBaltic Gothic, pakutanga rakanga vainyanya chechi yeKatorike, uye akazova Lutheran. Paguva rakanga rakanyorwa: "Immanuel Kant. mumwe vazivi mukuru wenyika nhema pano. "

guva Modern Kant muna Kaliningrad

Guva photos hazvirevi anoenderana nyaya yedu yapfuura. Chokwadi kuti muna 1809 professorial chakasakara chapero uye akaputsa. Munzvimbo yayo chokunze kuchamhembe rusvingo Cathedral rwakagadzirira maberere. It akatakura zita muzivi kukuru - "Ndakamira cantiano". Chivako ichi vakamira kusvikira 1880. Pakazosvika bicentennial gore muzivi (1924) guva Kant kwakaita rava chiyeuchidzo. gwaro rayo rakanga yakataurwa mapurani Fridrih Lars, mukuru kumupi - Hugo Stinnes. Chirangaridzo bwakashama horo nembiru kuti vakombe cenotaph - dombo bhokisi. Uyu yokufananidzira sarcophagus nhema dzasara muzivi haisi mariri, uye pasi Slabs dzetemberi. Chirangaridzo Style yakasiyana zvikuru zvose kushongedzwa yose Cathedral.

Events Second World War

Königsberg vaNazi akapfuura yakaoma. Nokuti guta kunotyisa uye ropa hondo. Muna August 1944, Britain ironed kubhomba Königsberg mhepo. Zvadaro, muna April 1945, zvakatanga hombe tsamwisa Soviet. Somugumisiro hondo idzi mumigwagwa akafanana muronga yakanaka. Pakanga asisiri chero church kana chirangaridzo column horo. Asi Kant raRakeri (mapikicha makore iwayo iyi anoratidza) akachengetedzwa ari zvakawanda kana zvishoma inogutsa ezvinhu. Uye vagari vakaona izvi sechiratidzo - Königsberg amuka madota.

State yaidzivirira chinhu

Saka, guta dzikava Kaliningrad uye akava nhengo Soviet Union. Zvisinei, wechitanhatu nyika "chete muna 1960 hurumende ', akayeuka kuti mune yaimbova Königsberg akavigwa Immanuel Kant. Pamarinda muzivi (tombstone uye pabiravira) Chirevo nhamba 1327 of RSFSR Council of Vashumiri, kwave akadaro "Nzvimbo yetsika kukosha yeUnited pachiyero Kaliningrad nharaunda." Izvi mashoko zveufende zvinoreva kuti kubva zvino kudzorerwa shongwe zvichabviswa dzinounzwa mari. Kokupedzisira guva chakagadziriswa muna 1996. Zviri achiri pedyo kumabvazuva pakona Cathedral kubva kunze rwake. Zvakapoteredza mbiru dzayo yave rakadzorerwa.

Kant migwagwa

Chokwadi, zviri kunyengedzwa kutarisira kuti pashure pemakore akawanda kudaro nezvehondo uye vachengete imba umo akaberekwa uye akararama muvambi uzivi German dzenhoroondo. Asi panzvimbo pakanga chivako ichi chazikamwa. Kana tikaongorora Kaliningrad vachitsvaka Kant, zvinokosha kutanga naye. Iyi ndiyo imba nhamba 40-A musi Leninsky Prospekt. Pane chirangaridzo Dombo. Pakatarisana chizvarwa imba muzivi muna 1864 raiva shongwe nendarira Kant. It chikakandirwa muBerlin. Muna 1885, kuti shongwe akakurudzirwa Paradenplats. Pashure pehondo, akanga arasika. Asi muna 1992 rakavakwazve maererano mapikicha okuberekwa. Zvino shongwe muzivi anomira mupaki musi University Street. Uye apo Ndiro rinda Kant? Where nokusingaperi. Zviri yakabatana kuchivanze divi kusvika Cathedral. Uye temberi huru yeguta rakamiswa pachitsuwa Kneiphof.

chiratidzo weguta

Kaliningrad, pasinei nokuedza nezviremera kuti depersonalize uye kupa chitarisiko vachena "nemafoshoro", akaita vakakwanisa kuchengeta European wemashiripiti. Island, kusimba mabhiriji, Gothic Church regai unzwe wakasununguka pano. The kupfuura vakakurumbira iyi Kneiphof. Kushandurwa zvinoreva "The ruvazhe mumaresitorendi". The guta kamwe akapfuma akararama pano. Rekukwazisa munhu kunotora mari, akanga kurota kugadzirisa pasi Kneiphof. Pauriri imba yakanaka yokutanga yakanga yakawanda cafes uye mumaresitorendi. Runako chitsuwa rinosimbisa Cathedral, izvo adjoined nokuda guva Kant vake. In Kaliningrad, mufananidzo chokurangaridza kunzwisisa inowanzoshandiswa se "achidanidzira kadhi" muguta.