Nei Sea Aral unoomesa: Zvinokonzera

The Sea Aral chinhu endorheic munyu nyanza yaiva Central Asia, kuva chaiyo - pamuganhu Uzbekistan uye Kazakhstan. Kutanga kwemakore 60 apfuura, mwero wemvura iri mugungwa, uyewo ukuru hwaro yadzikira yekudyidzana. Nei Sea Aral unoomesa? Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Masayendisiti zvinoratidza kuti chiitiko ichi imhaka zvisingakuvadzi mvura zvinodiwa siyana kuburikidza inosimbisa nzizi Ishe DARYA uye Amu DARYA.

mvura mashizha

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti muGungwa Aral pachakatanga rwaigara 4th nzvimbo mazita madhamu pakukura. Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, asi dziva akatanga kuderera ukuru. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mamiriro kugungwa sei kurima. Pashure pezvose, yokudiridzira zvirimwa nzvimbo huru inoda yakawanda mvura. Panguva iyoyo, Gungwa Aral akaita yaserera kubva ayo miganhu yepakutanga munenge 100 makiromita. nzvimbo iyi nyika ikava gwenga asingabereki. Nyanzvi dzichiri kuedza kuziva nei muGungwa Aral hwaoma, kana zvichibvira kuti kuchimisa. Pashure pezvose, zvakadai kutanga chinhu zvakatipoteredza dambudziko.

Agriculture uye Gungwa Aral

Sei zvaoma nyanza nokukurumidza zvakadaro? Vanhu vakawanda vanodavira kuti mvura kuti achipinda yoRwizi kuminda, akava mumwe zvikonzero. Handiti, hazvisi pachena nguva dzose. Nguva nenguva, mvura nenzizi sezvo Ishe uye Amu zvokudya mishonga yezvipembenene uye vamwe makemikari zviri kurima. Somugumisiro, reservoirs vakaumba deposits chaizvo, wakareba anenge zviuru 54 makiromita. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinhu zvakadai yavaibvisa sulfate, yavaibvisa chloride uye yavaibvisa bicarbonate, akagovera pamwe mhepo. zvinoriumba izvi kutadzisa pave zvokurima uye muriwo zvirimwa.

Mukuwedzera, vokumaruwa iri kutambura zvirwere zvokufema zhinji chisingaperi, kubva kenza yegurokuro uye dokeriro, uyewo kupererwa neropa uye nomudumbu. Munguva ichangopfuura, zviitiko ocular zvirwere, uyewo itsvo uye chiropa zvirwere.

Water yaunodya uye kwezvakatipoteredza njodzi

Eastern Sea Aral ikaomesa zvachose. Chimwe zvikonzero - nayo migero kudiridza kuti kutora mvura kubva munzizi. Somugumisiro, gungwa duku. Kunyange zvazvo hombe catchment nzvimbo, mvura anongoti haagamuchiri mvura. In ino kudiridza ezvinhu ane kureba anoverengeka zana makiromita. Water yaunodya rinoitwa pamusoro munharaunda dzakawanda. Sezvingatarisirwa, izvi zvinotungamirira kunyangarika vamwe vamiririri kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

nyore nenhamba

Nhasi kune mapepa mabhuku pamwe catchy okuremekedza akadai sokuti "Nei Gungwa Aral unoomesa?" Summary mapepa aya Akakwezva, asi asingadi kupa Kunyatsoona. Kuti tinzwisise mudzi chikonzero, zvakakodzera kutsvakisisa zvakadzama uye kunyika munzvimbo chaiyo nhamba. Just saka unogona kunzwisisa nei Gungwa Aral hwaoma, kana kumisa muitiro sezvinobvira.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kushaya mvura yokudiridzira nedonje uye Flushing kubva salting akatanga kuitwa mukutanga 60-ies wekupedzisira remakore. Izvi zvakaitika nokukurumidza, uye inflow mvura dura iri yekudyidzana ipfupi. Asi pamusoro vakapedzwa nzvimbo akafukidzwa paiva munyu, havazochemberi chinhu.

Dambudziko riri kumwewo. Water abstraction kubva munzizi dzakadai Ishe DARYA uye Amu DARYA vakanga vazvitambudze asati asvika yaro Delta. Pashure pezvose, kukura unodiridzwa nharaunda yakawedzera kubva mitatu hectares mamiriyoni manomwe. Uyezve, kudiridza hurongwa kukwana: ndozvakajairwa iri zvikuru kukwirira, uye salinisation ivhu mberi. mvura yakachena kunoda zvinopfuura dzaitaurwa rokutanga Masvomhu. Ndicho chikonzero Sea Aral hwaoma, achisiya nomugwenga wakawanda. Uyezve, nokuda Kuipa ivhu yekudyidzana kuderedzwa donje goho. Somugumisiro, izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera acreage. KuGungwa Aral zvasvika vaifanira 110 cubic makiromita mvura kubva nembiya zvose nzizi.

Precipitation neGungwa Aral

Kwete nyore kupindura mubvunzo nei yapwa Sea Aral. Mufananidzo rinoratidza kuti dura shoma kukura chete mumakore mashoma apfuura, uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka. Maererano geographers, University of Michigan, uye pamusoro Sea Aral nyanzvi, vachiyanikira dziva kwakakonzerwa shoma kunaya. Kwemakore, uwandu chando uye mvura mumakomo kwangoderera. Izvi zvakaita kuti vasanyanye mvura siyana munzizi.

rwizi runoyerera

Zvinonzi vakaratidza kuti Aral Sea miganhu fluctuated kwemazana emakore. Nechokumabvazuva dura hwaoma kokutanga haisi nguva yedu. It kwemakore 600. Zvakatanga nepfungwa yokuti rimwe maoko Amu DARYA River vakatanga kutungamirira Rwako zvavo kweGungwa reCaspian. Sezvingatarisirwa, izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti neGungwa Aral vakatanga kugamuchira mvura shoma. The dziva kwave zvishoma nezvishoma aiitwa maduku.

kutungamirira ichi chido kupi

Zvino vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kupi kunyangarika Sea Aral. Sei mudziva rukapwa? Nokuti chii inofa? Pond akadzokera. Apo kamwe kukukurwa ngarava, unogona kuona jecha ebani, akaparadzanisa mvura munzvimbo dzakawanda dzepasi, Gungwa Small - 21 km ^3, Sea Big - 342? Km ^3. Zvisinei, ichi njodzi kwezvakatipoteredza haana kumborega. kuitika kwayo richikura.

Maererano nenyanzvi, rekukwazisa mvura pamwero muGungwa Guru zvishoma nezvishoma havadi, iyo ichaita kuti kuwedzera zvayo salinity. Uyezve, mamwe marudzi anogona kunyangarika mhuka zvomumvura uye zvinomera. Mukuwedzera, mhepo anotakura munyu dzine zvishoma vakapedzwa. Uye ichi zvinotisvitsa kudzikira mune ivhu mamiriro.

Unogona kurega?

Nei Sea Aral hwaoma, kare kuzivikanwa. Zvisinei, hapana munhu asina kukurumidza kugadzirisa zvaitika. Shure zvose, izvi kunoda nesimba uyewo zvemari mari. Kana ukaramba mberi okuyerera tsvina mugungwa, zvichaita angosiya kuva nyaya tangi, zvisina akakodzera kurima. Panguva iyoyo, zvose basa zvinofanira nezvezvandaifanira recreating zvepanyama mvura muviri miganhu.

Sezvo waoma Sea Aral vari haisati, asi chete rokumabvazuva chikamu nzira yoruponeso yake inofanira kuendeswa kuna Kudzikamiswa ari zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza hurongwa. Zvakakosha kuti adzorere kugona kwaro kuzvinzwira waidzora. Kutanga kugadzirisa kumhara nzvimbo vamwe zvirimwa, akadai pasi michero kana miriwo. Ivo zvinoda zvishoma unyoro. All mauto ari iyi inofanira kuendeswa huru zvinokonzera kuti abudise of Great Salt Lake. The chete nzira kuponesa yebhuruu neparera Central Asia.