NLP - chii ichocho? NLP: kudzidziswa, mabhuku, kudzidziswa

Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva tsanangudzo yakadaro seNLP. Chii icho, usaziva zvose. Mushure mokuverenga nyaya ino, muchaziva nzvimbo ino yepfungwa, iyo yakagamuchirwa zvikuru nhasi. Neuro-linguistic programming ndiyo iyo NLP inomirira.

Chii ichocho? Tinogona kupindura muchidimbu mubvunzo uyu nenzira inotevera: iyi inzvimbo yepfungwa dzinoongorora zvigadziro zvezviitiko zvevanhu, uye inokurudzira mutauro wekutsanangurwa kwayo, inobatanidzwa mukuzarura nzira dzekuenzanisira uye nzira dzechiitiko ichi chekunatsiridza uye kuendesa mhando dzakaratidzwa kune vamwe vanhu. Kutanga NLP yainzi "meta-ruzivo". Mune mamwe mazwi, ndeye sayenzi pamusoro pechimiro chezviitiko zvedu uye ruzivo.

Zvimwe pane musoro

Chikamu chekutanga munyaya yekuti "NLP" ("neuro") inoratidza izvo zvinofanira kunzwisiswa se "rurimi rweuropi" mukutsanangura zvinowanikwa nevanhu. Aya ndiwo maitiro emagariro anokonzerwa nekugadziriswa, kuchengetedza uye kutumirwa kwemashoko. NLP inoita kuti zvikwanise kunzwisisa kuti maonero epakati akavakwa sei. Chikamu chechipiri - "mutauro" - chinoratidza kukosha kwekuti mutauro unotsanangura maitiro ehutsika uye nzira dzekufunga, uyewo mune sangano rehutano hwakasiyana-siyana. Chikamu chokupedzisira - "chirongwa" - chinomiririra kuti kuzvibata nemafungiro ehutano zvakagadziriswa: muchiGiriki, "chirongwa" zvinoreva "kuenzanisa kwematanho anotarirwa kuita chimwe chigumisiro."

Somugumisiro, zita racho rose rinoratidza chokwadi chokuti NLP inotaura nezvehupenyu hwevanhu hwehupenyu uye hwehupenyu hwevanhu maererano nehutano hwegadziriro ine maitiro ayo. Kuvonga neizvi, zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuidzidza, pamwe nekuona chiitiko chakabudirira kwazvo, icho chatinowanzoti tarenda, intuition, zvipo zvepanyama, nezvimwewo.

Nzira yakakwana yechinyorwa cheNLP

Chii chinzvimbo ichi chepfungwa, iwe zvino unoziva. Tinocherechedza maitiro ayo makuru. Iwe unogona kufunga NLP senyika yesayenzi ye ruzivo, uye kunyange seunyanzvi, nokuti inogona kusimudzirwa pamwero wezvigadzirwa zvemichina uye zvishandiso, uyewo pakunamata. Inotarirwa nenzira yakakwana yekudzidza kwehupenyu hwevanhu, zvichibva pamusoro wekubatana kwemweya, muviri uye pfungwa.

Vanyori veNLP uye zvidzidzo zvavakatendeseka

NLP yakaberekerwa semugumisiro wekushandurana kwepakati pemasangano evatsvakurudzi vakasiyana-siyana vakadzidza zvakaitika kune vakadaro vane masayendisiti akadai saVirginia Satir, Fritz Perls, Milton Erickson. Vavaki varo ndivo nyanzvi yemitauro John Grinder uye nyanzvi yepfungwa uye nyanzvi Richard Bandler. Mukuwedzera, vanyori vanyori veNLP vanosanganisira Judith Delozier, Leslie Cameron, Robert Dilts, David Gordon, Frank Pucelik. Mazuva ano nzvimbo ino irikudziridza kuwedzera uye kuwedzera pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwatsva. Kuramba ichikura mutsara wevanyori vayo.

NLP senhengo inoshandiswa yakazvimirira yeruzivo yakakura kubva kune zvinyorwa zvekushanda kwepfungwa, asi ichibatanidza zvakanakisisa kubva pakuona kwemaonero. Pakutanga yakanga yakanyanyisa zvikuru, asi nekufamba kwenguva yakawana nzira ine simba yakanyanya kunyanya kubva pane epistemology yeG. Bateson, inoshanda padzidziso yekukurukurirana, hupenyu hwepfungwa. Mukuwedzera, dzidziso yemhando dzakanaka B. Russell, iyo yakava mufananidzo wezvirevo zvakananga muNLP, yakashandiswa. Chii ichocho, iwe uchawana kuburikidza nokutaura kune mabhuku eNLP.

Pachigamba chekutanga chekuvandudzwa kwayo, yakatanga nekuenzanisa kweFritz Perls. Uyu munhu ndiye nheyo yeGestalt therapy. Kuenzanisa kwaiitwa nekufungisisa mitemo yose yakakosha uye nzira dzeGestalt psychology. Ndicho chikonzero, sezvo NLP inotarisa mupfungwa nemaitiro, inobatanidzwa nenzira dzakawanda neGestalt nzira. Yechipiri "mienzaniso" iyo yaishandiswa ndiyo inyanzvi yemitauro yakagadzira chimiro chekudzika kwakasiyana. Dzakanga dzichishandiswa mubasa raMilton Erickson, anonyanyozivikanwa hypotherapeutist. John Grinder, kuvimba nemabasa aNoam Chomsky, akawana doctorate mumitauro. Nokudaro, zvinova pachena kuti nei rurimi rwezvemitauro dzinofanirwa kuvewo rwakawanikwa kune yesayenzi midzi yeNLP. Vanyori varo vakabva pane pfungwa yokuti mumitauro yezvinyorwa uye mumutauro kuzviona kwakakwana, maitiro ayo emukati anoratidza.

Pakati pezvidzidzo zvezvesayenzi zveNLP, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinogonawo kuonekwa pakuvandudzika kwetsika dzepfungwa. Muvambi wayo ndiye A.P. Pavlov, Russian Academician. Zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvipi zvitsva mumunda wegadziriro yemafungiro reflex. Vanyori veNLP vakaisa pfungwa dzavo pamusana pemafungiro emafungiro, asi pamusiyano uri pakati pekusagadzikana uye mune zvaanoda, pakudzidza zvinokonzera (zvinokonzera kunze) zvichikonzera chirevo chakasiyana. Nyaya iyi muNLP inonzi "anchoring".

NLP - nzira yekugadzirisa?

NLP nhasi yave yakakurumbira. Kudzidza zvimwe zvehutano nemagadzirirwo zvinogona kunge zvakakurumidza uye pakarepo unonzwa uchibatsira. Zvinosuruvarisa, mune zvenhau dzimwe nguva vamwe vanhu vanoti NLP inzira yekushandisa. Zvisinei, chaizvoizvo, inongova nzira yezvigadziro uye maitiro ekutsanangura, chimwe chinhu chakafanana nenyorwa yezvinyorwa zvinobatsira kutumira ruzivo. NLP, kufanana nedzimwe shanduro, inogona kushandiswa kune zvose zvakanaka uye zvakaipa. Kwemazana emakore, manipulators yakavandudza unyanzvi hwavo, nguva refu musati maitiro eNLP akasimuka. Saka, hazvina kukodzera kubatanidza zviitiko izvi.

Chii chaungadzidza kuburikidza nekuziva maitiro aya?

Chokutanga pane zvose, iwe unodzidza kunzwisisa zviri nani vamwe, zvavanoda uye zvido zvavo, zvinogona kutaura zvakajeka pfungwa dzavo kumudzidzisi. Munhu kazhinji haakwanisi kujekesa nekujekesa zvaanoda kutaura. Iwe uchadzidzira kubvunza mibvunzo yakarurama, iyo inobatsira mumwe kurondedzera pfungwa dzako, kuronga pfungwa dzako, nekuchengetedza iwe nguva nesimba.

Cherechedza kuti NLP - chinhu chaicho chaicho. Anofanira kuve akadzidziswa, akashandisa unyanzvi uye achikurumidza kuvashandisa munyaya yacho. Kudzidza mukuita uye mumabhuku kwakafanana nokufananidza munhu anogona kutaura asingatauri mumutauro wokumwe, uyo anogona kungoshandura chete neduramazwi.

Sei vanhu vakapinda NLP kudzidzisa?

Mukuwedzera pakuita unyanzvi hunoshanda, uchasangana nevanhu vazhinji vanofarira. Iwe unogona, pamwe chete kuita zvidzidzo, kwete kungotaura chete mumhepo yakasununguka, asiwo uite shamwari, zvione iwe kubva kunze, uyewo ona kune vamwe zvikanganiso zvako pachako kana nguva dzawakatokwanisa kubata nadzo. NLP kudzidzisa kazhinji kunonakidza. Nguva yakawanda inopedzwa kwete pamisangano, asi pakuita ruzivo uye unyanzvi huri kuongororwa.

Kuwedzera kune mabasa ekufungidzira, vamwe vari kugadziriswawo mukurovedza: kushandisa nguva nekubatsirwa uye kufarira, kunzwisisa iwe, mune ukama nevamwe vanhu, kugadzirisa zvinangwa zvemangwana, kugadzirisa mabasa akaoma anotarisana nevatori vechikoro. Pamwe chete, izvi zvinogona kurondedzerwa neshoko rokuti "kukura kwevanhu".

Nguva uye zvinyorwa zvekudzidzisa

Kazhinji NLP kurovedza haina mari. Zvisinei, ine chimiro chaicho-kana iwe ukanyatsoidzidza kuitira kuti ugozokwanisa kusununguka kushandisa zvayo zvinhu, nzira yekudzidzira unyanzvi inofanira kupiwa kwenguva refu. Nokudaro, nguva shoma yekutambira chikwata mazuva makumi maviri. Makirasi anowanzoitwa kamwechete pamwedzi pamagumo evhiki uye apera kwemwedzi 8.

Mazano anobatsira

NLP chirongwa chinogona kukubatsira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehupenyu. Somuenzaniso, paunotanga kukurukurirana, vanhu kazhinji havaoni zvavanoda kuwana semugumisiro wawo. Zvinetso zvakawanda zvinogona kudziviswa zvachose kana iwe uchiramba uchiyeuka chinangwa chokukurukurirana. Izvi hazvizokubvumiri kuti uite zvinokanganisa zvikanganiso. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinogona kutaurwa NLP mitemo yezuva nezuva? Funga usati watanga hurukuro, iwe unofanirwa nei, chinangwa chinotangira iwe, kana iyo interlocutor inonzwisisa nzvimbo yako, chii chinopikisa chaangave nacho. Vanhu dzimwe nguva vanodhakwa nehutano hwekukakavadzana kuti vanogona kukanganwa pamusoro pezvose, kusanganisira zvinogona kuitika. Kugona kudzora manzwiro uye kumira munguva ndeimwe unyanzvi hunobatsira iyo NLP chirongwa chinopa.

Kushandiswa kwetsika ye "anchoring"

Kuti udzivise mafungiro ako, iwe unogona kushandisa nzira inonzi "anchoring." Nekubatsira kwayo, unogona kugadzirira mberi kwekukurukurirana kwakaoma uye kusina kufadza, asi uchichengetedza maitiro akanaka. Uyewo, iwe uchadzidza kuchinja mhinduro dzemhando dzezvinhu zvinotsamwisa uchishandisa NLP. Iyi tsika iri nyore, asi kudzidzira kubatana zviri nani pakudzidzisa kana muhupenyu, panzvimbo yezvinyorwa. Mutsamba yakanyorwa, chii chinogona kuratidzwa nyore nyore chinogona kukonzera kusanzwisisana uye kusava nechokwadi.

Anchoring ndiyo yekusika kwekubatana pakati peimwe chiitiko uye chii chinosangana nayo. Ngarava ichiri kubatwa nechombo. Saizvozvowo, anchocho yepfungwa inokonzera kuwirirana kwakakodzana - kwenyama kana mupfungwa dzomunhu kunoshanduka, kana tinorangarira neshamwari pane imwe mamiriro akapfuura. Mutemo uyu weNLP unoshanda zvakanaka.

Nzira dzisinganzwisisiki, somuenzaniso, dzinogona kunge "dzinofadza" zvipfeko, kunhuwira kwezvinonhuwira zvako zvemafirimu, mapikicha, nezvimwewo. Kuumba anchore mune dzakanyarara uye zvakanaka, unokwanisa, semuenzaniso, shandisa mufananidzo weimwe nzvimbo yaimbofara. Iwe unogonawo kushandisa mazwi akasiyana kana zviratidzo zvaunokwanisa kudzokorora mupfungwa munguva yakaoma. Izvi, semuenzaniso, mazwi: "Ndanyarara". Zvakakosha kuti havakwanisi kuramba, pamwe nekutaurirana kaviri. Zvose izvi uye dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzaunoshandiswa nadzo pakudzidziswa kweNLP. Iyi tsika yave yatobatsira vanhu vakawanda vanobva kumativi ose enyika.

NLP nhasi

Nokuvandudza nekubatanidza maitiro emagetsi anonyanya kushandiswa uye maenzanisi, NLP yava kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukudzidzisa, kutaurirana, kusika, unyanzvi, bhizinesi, kurapa uye kurongeka kwebumbiro, kureva, apo zvigadziro zvemafambiro evanhu nekufunga zvinoshandiswa zvakanyatsoshanda. NLP nhasi inopfuura zvose nzira inobvumira kuti ibudirire kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekufambira mberi kwevanhu.

NLP yava kutopararira munyika dzakawanda. Zvakanakisisa zvayo zvinoshandiswa nevakawanda mukuita, saka pakanga pane chidzidzo chekudzidziswa. MuUnited States, somuenzaniso, pane masangano anokwana zana anoshamwaridzana naro, muGermany - inenge makumi manomwe nemasangano makuru uye nzvimbo dzakabatanidzwa mukutsvakurudza uye kubudirira pane zvaro mumasangano akasiyana-siyana. Iyi nhungamiro yepfungwa muRussia yasvika munguva pfupi uye haisati iri chikamu chedzidzo. Zvisinei, NLP kurovedzwa inoitwa senzira yakakosha pamagariro ezvinyorwa mumasangano akawanda nemayunivhesiti. NLP ikozvino inowanikwa kune imwe nzvimbo yakawanda munyika yedu mune zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa, pamwe chete nefemu dzinoshandisa iyo (NLP-consulting).

NLP: mabhuku

Zvechokwadi, rimwe remabhuku anonyanya kufarirwa ndewe "Kubva Frogs kune Machinda" (R. Bendler, D. Grinder). Inokurudzirwa kune munhu wose, kunyanya zvakanaka pamakatanga okutanga ekudzidza. Rimwe bhuku rinobatsira ndere "Mastership of Communication" (A.Lyubimov). Zvose zvinotsanangurwa zvinowanikwa uye zvinonzwisisika: suwo rokusarudza, kugadzirisa, meta-message uye mamwe mazwi eNLP. Bhuku rino richakwanisa kudzidzisa zvidzidzo zvebasa iri. Unogonawo kushandisa mamwe mabasa. Mune bhuku re Gorin SA. "Wave wakaedza hypnosis here?" Iwe uchawana tsanangudzo dzakanakisisa dzehutano hwekutungamirira Ericksonian hypnosis uye mutambo. Yakakurumbira nhasi nanhasi ibhuku rinonzi "NLP yekunakidza rudo." Munyori waro ndi Eva Berger. "NLP ye rudo runofadza" inobatsira kune avo vanoda kutsvaka mweya wemunhu uye vanogara vachifara nguva dzose.