Nondo anodya? Wild nondo (mifananidzo)

Ndiani nondo? Chii anodya hwemhuka? Kana uchida kuziva mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi nemimwe mibvunzo yakafanana, zvino nyaya ino iri kwauri.

Description nemharapara

Nemharapara kana netsoma - iri duku zvinetsoka hoofed mhuka mhuri Oleneva. kukwirira kwayo pamusoro masendimita 80, mukuru achigere kupfuura 130 masendimita uye uremu makirogiramu 30. External kusiyana varume nevakadzi vari munyoro: ichangobva saizi zvishoma duku. Vanhurume muchirimo uye matsutso kukura duku wehunyambiri liroobraznye nyanga kuti vasina kupfuura vatatu pezvakaitwa kureba kubva 15 kusvika 30 cm zvichienderana nemakore wacho. Muchimiro nyanga anomalies zvingaitikawo mune mukadzi. Color nondo monochrome, pasina kukamukana kubudikidza chechikadzi. Summer ari hunodzorwa tsvuku pasi muchando - grey kana shava. The zvasviba vhudzi riri shure uye musoro rembudzi dzomusango, pedyo pakuguma, iye Chinojeka. Pakuzvarwa, varipo iziviswe panguva shure echitema Red yellow pasi, kuti kubudikidza 3 months zvoupenyu apere.

Heunoi rondedzero European nemharapara nondo. Mukuwedzera, hunhu zvinowanzoitwa vakawanda nondo-melanistic dzakasiyana kuwanda kwezvinhu dema jasi ruvara. Yavanogara Nokuwanda kwakaita Germany.

Wokupedzisira mashoma emakore nokuda siyana hurumende kuchengetedza mabasa, mukuru wembereko uye kwadzakabva chakanaka achinja Territories muitiro vachiwedzera mhuka idzi dzinoshamisa.

Uye zvakadini kudya mhuka?

Power nemharapara dzinowanzotsigi- rinoumbwa miti kukura mune nzvimbo dzavo. Advantageously ngururu zvinowanikwa inowanzorimwa ubvise apo isingawanzowanikwi huni, pamwe vazhinji nemiti opushek nemiriwo gobvu uye zvakakwana dzokuvanda umo kuvanda pazvikara. The kukura mhuka dziri diki, saka zvirimwa kuti nondo kudya, anofanira riri pamusoro pindika yakakwirira. Runonyanya ari kudya kunosanganisira uswa, nemakwati emiti, nemiti, mosses, michero, michero uye nzungu. hwemhuka kuti Kudya kunoenderana nenguva gore, izvo chinobata haangogoni mhando kukura zvinomera, asiwo evanhu nemamiriro unhu nondo. Zviya, chii ivo?

Maitiro nokudya kunovaka muviri muchando mwaka

Uye chii anodya mhembwe muchando? In yakadaro yakaoma rembudzi dzomusango nokuunganidza zvipfuyo duku anosvika 15 mhuka mumasango, uye kune 40 zvinangwa muminda. Mapoka Winter zvinosanganisira vanhukadzi nevana, egore mhuka, mukuru vanhurume kashoma, achisarudza isina kuvapo. mombe idzi tama mukati dzimwe nzvimbo zvokudya gore negore iri munharaunda 500 hectares. At dzakakwirira kwevari kwemvura, masendimita 50 pamusoro chando, boka riri panzvimbo imwe uye uparadze nemakwati pamusoro Conifers: spruce, nemipaini uye omujunipa. Ona kuti mamiriro aya okunze ndiwo chinonetsa uye ngozi mhando.

Batsirai kubva murume

mhuka Small miganhu Musavabvumira kufamba takasununguka kutsvaka yakakodzera zvokudya uye pasi inotonhorera tigutsikane ari omuti kuti Conifers kunotungamirira Kuparadzwa muviri wavo. Zviri nezvikonzero izvi, foresters zhinji yechando dzakakwirira kunayisa vanopiwa kunyatsonzwisisa nzvimbo kuti mhuka. Nemharapara nomufaro unopisa kune makabheji, tabapi, makarotsi nezvimwe zvirimwa, uye zvezvipfuwo nezviyo. Foresters kudzora uwandu rembudzi yomusango, sezvo kukura simba kuchaita kuti kushanda inokosha kukuvara minda yekurima uye hombe chikafu makwikwi hove marudzi, uye zvakare unopinza zvinoderedza uwandu mhuka kungawedzera kuparadzwa zvikara uye vavhimi.

In yechando, mhuka muviri DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA uye kunoderedza uwandu chikafu vaparadzwa nokuda murombo zvokudya, izvo zvinosanganisira uswa yakaoma, makwande omuti, mapazi mutete zviri nemiti. Uyezve, pasi chando, mhuka idzi vacherera zvasara nzungu kuti kukura munharaunda, chestnuts, uyewo lichens uye Moss. Nemhara mhembwe munguva yechando haazombofi zviyo vakasara, mbatatisi, beets nezvimwe zvirimwa kuti kukura iri kare unharvested minda mukati zvokudya nzvimbo. Nemhaka tsime kunyatsobudirira olfactory receptors netsoma nokukurumidza anowana zvibereko, nzungu uye zvimwe zvokudya kunyange pasi gobvu rukoko echando.

Spring akauya ...

Chii anodya mhembwe muchirimo? Sezvo March, mwedzi rezvipfuwo nemharapara yenondo kutanga dziparare kupinda duku mhuri mumapoka, kazhinji zvinosanganisira vakadzi uye mhuru. Egore vanhu vari kutsvaga vakasununguka ndima, izvo achabva zvokudya muzhizha zvose. Sarudzai mapazi zvakakodzera, ngururu nokufurira pariri gore negore, kudzivirira nyika dzevamwe. Lonely upenyu mbudzi mune dzimwe nzvimbo kuderedza makwikwi pakati rudzi uye anopa munhu akanaka chikafu nemharapara.

Muchirimo, nhunzvi vari sekwaserera uye nokungwarira sezvo vazhinji vavo vari pamuviri. A chiri mhuka idzi kuti embryo anogona kare kuvapo muna dumbu, asi anotanga kukura chete kubva January. Izvi kwakadai adaptive chinhu kunoita kuti pave yakakwirira wokurarama vevana, kuwedzera kudyiwa nondo zvokudya rinobatana chaiwo kuwedzera zvokudya. Calving kunoitika munguva kubva April kusvikira mangwanani June.

Chii anodya mhembwe muchirimo? Panguva iyi wake kudya akawedzera nhungirwa manyoro apila, chemombe, uye dzimwe manune uswa, uye zvirimwa muchando, matsva atwo uye matavi nemiti.

Nenhongo dzembudzi mhuka pamusoro zvinopesana zvakawanda kushingaira iyi, rinopikisa miganhu vachishandisa ziya omumuviri, riri mumusoro, mutsipa uye pedyo nemahwanda. Gare gare, munguva Rut, ivo aibvumirwa kupinda munharaunda yayo 4 vakadzi kuti vabereke vana. Chete nemhuka zvinogona zvisangane makore akawanda, asi rudo chaiyo pakati vanhu mumwe akapiwa dzemarudzi zvazivikanwa.

chirimo

The nondo anodya muzhizha? Izvi inodziya nguva chokuita lactation mune mukadzi. Kazhinji, vari nemarara mbiri wayo, pane kunze kana nulliparous vakadzi, kana mutana, simba iri zvakakwana kutakura pamusoro kosulenka mumwe chete. The mwedzi wokutanga wechidiki yokuvanda muuswa hurefu uye kufudza kusvika kagumi pazuva. Vakadzi kufura pachavo uye vamwe vavo voga. Kubva mwedzi upenyu wechipiri vari kutanga pachavo nembudzi dzavo kunyengera akasiyana siyana yemakwenzi kuti zvikure pedyo nzvimbo yavo. Wild nondo Anodzivisawo zvokudya vaduku mukaka pashure 2-3 mwedzi upenyu.

Summer - kupfuura zvakanaka nguva kuti kukura vanhu mhuka iyi. Rokugoverwa akanyatsoiswa dzaisiyana kunosanganisira zvinopfuura 850 siyana kwemarudzi zvinomera. Kunyanya nevakawanda vari vaduku zvikuru muto mashizha uye manyoro. Vanopfuura hafu kuparadzwa zvinomera nemharapara vanoumba bilobate manyoro muzvina - zvinowanikwa nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe kukakanganiswa. Vamwe zvinomera ukaparadza kugoverwa pakati monocotyledonous rekushongedzesa, mosses, notumwe uye ferns.

Uye chii kudya nondo? Wood siyana vakawanda kudyiwa kunosiya honeysuckle, pomuouki, hornbeam, dota, Birch, Cherry, dota uye Linden. Favorite chikafu - mumwe mushonga dzakakwirira mvura kugutsikana, akadai Calla uye AIR, zviyo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvirimwa, akapfuma mavhitaminzi uye zvicherwa (mhou parsnip, mountaineer, Burnet, zvakarungwa nevamwe). Nemharapara, pikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya ino, haangatongooni tipei zvinowanikwa michero uye michero (mastrawberry, blueberries, akasimuka hudyu, hawthorn, apuro nevamwe), uyewo nzungu siyana uye chestnuts. Sezvo zvokurapa Kudzivirira mhuka anodya unovava nezvimwe muchetura zvirimwa zvakadai Daphne, solanaceous zvirimwa, belladonna uye kumafuro buttercup.

Kana chinhu chisipo ...

The nemhara nemhembwe dzichifura haisi miti yakawanda zvokuti kupa zvakakodzera uwandu zvicherwa kuti nokuda nokushayikwa mhuka dzine kutsvaka munyu inonanzva, kana kunwa mvura inobva mumabhuku rurefu zviri anobatsira zvinhu zvisipo.

Autumn akauya ...

Nemhara mhembwe iri kuwa kunoita kuti vawane zvakawanda mafuta pamberi kwechando, nokuti anoshandiswa residues zvokudya zvisina kukohwewa varimi zvirimwa, michero uye kumuromo kubva pamiti, mbeu uye howa. Feature vachidya mhuka idzi ndechokuti havadyi muti wose, uye dzichiruma mamwe mashizha kana manyoro uye mberi.

Saka, vanovakonzera usingashandi kukuvara zvakatipoteredza uye kubvumira kuti kukura mhando dzose zvinomera munharaunda dzavo vakasarudzwa. Chete yechando netsoma mahwanda rokurima mudye chirimwa yose.

mhedziso

Zvino kuti munoziva ndiani nondo, imwe Photo mhuka kuti zvijeke, anomiririrwa munyaya. Nesuwo akataura pamusoro chii anodya chikara. Tinovimba kuti mashoko akanga richishanda kwauri.