Nuclear simba: munhoroondo uye modernity

Kubvira muna 1970, nyika yose Treaty ari Non-Kuwanda Yenyukireya Weapons (NPT), iro rinomiririra masimba renyukireya uye anoita kukura kwebasa ravo basa maererano huripo zvombo zvavo. Maererano chibvumirano, mamiriro yenyukireya-chombo inoti vakapiwa US, Britain, France, China uye USSR (zvino Russian Federation, somutsivi). Zviri munyika idzi bvunzo kuputika rwaiitwa kusvikira 1967, saka ivo pamutemo kupinda "dzine zvombo zvenyukireya."

Treaty NPT rinokurayira renyukireya masimba kwete pasi chero ezvinhu musapfuura dzavo zvombo kana zvigadzirwa kwayo kugadzirwa kunyika umo haina, kukurudzira kana aivabatsira kugadzirwa kwezvombo yakadai.

Unogona kugoverana zviitiko uye kubatsira mumwe, asi chete pakushandisa simba rugare kuputika yenyukireya.

The chibvumirano rinoti kana kurwisa yenyukireya achapiwa kukonzerwa nyika, izvo haana zvombo zvakadaro, zvichaita kumira kwayo kudzivirira vamwe masimba renyukireya munyika, maererano UN Charter.

The Treaty NPT nechokuita munyika dzinopfuura 170, uye unoshanda nokusingaperi.

Kutaura zvazviri, nhasi zvombo zvenyukireya yakagadzirwa uye vaedzwa kunyange Pakistan, Iran, India, South Africa uye North Korea, asi pamutemo, nyika idzi haana kuiswawo pakati kwenhamba nenyukireya.

Pakistan uye India kunge anenge panguva kuitwa miedzo yavo. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1998.

Pakutanga, North Korea akasaina NPT chibvumirano, asi muna 2003 akataura pamutemo pachayo vakasununguka kubva nokubatira chibvumirano ichi. Muna 2006, North Korea rwakatanga wokutanga bvunzo kuputika mundima yavo.

Pakati penyika kuti une chombo yenyukireya, vazhinji anonzi kuna Israeri. Asi zviremera munyika haana yasimbiswa kana kuramba kuti akanga vakaperekedza kukura uye nekuongororwa kwakadaro.

Muna 2006, simba zvenyukireya, vaisanganisa pedyo yeboka. The President wenyika Iran yave rinoziviswa kuti kugadzirwa zvemichina kunokudziridzwa zvakazara murabhoritari zvenyukireya mafuta.

On mundima nhatu dzaichimbova dzeSoviet (Ukraine, Kazakhstan uye Belarus) aivawo zvombo uye warheads, izvo vakaramba vari muridzi wavo mushure disintegration munyika. Asi muna 1992 ivo akasaina Lisbon Protocol pamusoro kukamurwa uye rutapudzo nzira dzinokosha zvombo uye chaizvoizvo kubvisa zvombo zvakadaro. Kazakhstan, Belarus uye Ukraine akabatana NPT nhengo inoti uye zvino pamutemo kuonekwa masimba dzisiri yenyukireya.

Mune Republic of South Africa yavewo wakasikwa zvombo zvenyukireya uye aiitisa miedzo yacho kuIndian Ocean muna 1979. Zvisinei, nguva pfupi pashure chirongwa ichi kukura avharwa, uye kubva muna 1991 South Africa yave pamutemo akabatana NPT Treaty.

Zvino munyika pane yoga boka munyika, izvo hunonzi kukwanisa naHama chombo yenyukireya, asi kuti zvechiuto uye enyika zvikonzero, riri kuonekwa kukodzera. Nyanzvi dzinotaura States zvakadaro, dzimwe nyika dziri South America (Brazil, Argentina), South Korea, Egypt, Libya nevamwe.

Vanonzi masimba kwenyukireya "Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa" anogona, kana zvakakodzera, kuti chinja kugadzirwa kwayo kuti kugadzirwa kwezvombo zvakarurama nokukurumidza, achishandisa hunyambiri-kushandiswa kwemichina.

Mumakore achangopfuura, dzakawanda ndizvo zvinoderedza pamusoro arsenals dzavo, apo zvichiita mamwe ano. Asi chokwadi kuti vari 19.000 anowanika munyika nhasi zvombo zvenyukireya, 4400 vanongogara vachingotya soro vakamuka.

Kuderera voooruzheniya zvombo zviri kunyanya nokuda rutapudzo matanda ose kuhondo Russia uye US, uyewo nokuda nyora-kubva sharuka zvombo. Kunyange zvakadaro, uye mukuru yenyukireya inoti, India uye Pakistan kuramba kuzivisa nekutumirwa kwemauto zvombo kukura zvitsva zvirongwa. Zvakaratidza kuti, chaizvoizvo, kwete namashoko, hapana nyika havasi vakagadzirira kusiya zvachose zvombo zvayo zvenyukireya.