Nzira yekugadzirisa sei cherry muchemo? Pruning cherry: murayiridzo

Shiri cherry, kana cherry, inowanikwa mumasango ekumaodzanyemba enyika, ikozvino inokurudzirwa nekushingaira uye nekuda kwebasa rinoshamisa rokuzadza rinokurudzira mumamiriro ekuRussia akadzikama. Kukunda kukudzwa kwakanaka uye kwakanakisisa kwezvibereko, tsika iyi yematombo inoramba ichida chaizvo kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yekudyara, kutarisira nekuchekerera, izvo zvisingabatsiri pakuumbwa kwekorona yakanaka, asiwo kune kuwedzera kukuru muzvibereko zvemuti.

Zvikamu zvetsika

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti munyoro munyoro, akajaira kuvhara mamiriro ekudziya kwemazhenje, anoziva nzvimbo dzose dzinotonhora kwete kwete kuburikidza nekusarudza kusarudzwa. Basa guru mukugadziriswa kwemitambo inowanikwa ne inoculation yamakris cher. Muchirimo, vasati vasati vadyarwa, kudonha nemiti mbiri kana zvitatu zvirimwa zvakasimwa pa cherry rootstock. Iyi nzira yekuberekwa inogadzirisa zvachose: simiti inopesana nemiti inotonhora yakaoma uye inonyatsogadzirisa. Cherry ine branching yakasimba, saka pamatanho akasiyana ekugadzirwa kwayo, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekuchekerera anowira mberi. Ngatitaure nezveumwe nomumwe wavo.

Kuchengeta cherry muchitsime

Chimwe chikamu chikuru cheainetseka pamusoro pemunda uyu, pamwe nemiti yakawanda yemichero, inowira pamapfudzi evarimi mumunda. Iyi nguva inopisa ndeyoyo yakakosha zvikuru, nokuti zvinetso zvemashizha anoshandiswa zvinoenderana nehupenyu hwemuti. Kuchengeta chitubu cherry kunosanganisira kutenderwa kufungisa, kusunungura, kudiridza kunopa, kurapa kunorwisana nemavirusi nemapukisi uye, zvechokwadi, kukwanisika kunogadzirisa.

Chero chero muti wemichero unoda kuumbwa. Kudura ma cherry kunogona kusiyanisa:

• Kuumba;
• Kuwedzera fruiting (tsvina);
• Kuvandudza.

Ngatitaurei nezvekugadzirisa zvakakodzera cherry. Korona yemutauro inogona kuvakwa nenzira yebhola, mazhivha kana piramidi pakusarudzwa kwomurimi uye maererano nemikana yenzvimbo (zvayo uye nzvimbo yacho zvinotorwa).

Kuumba kutema

Iyi nzira inoita skeleton yakarurama yemuti, inoparadzira matavi mukati me korona, nokudaro kuumba mamiriro ekugadza uye kubereka michero. Iyi kuchera ndiyo yekutanga, uye inotanga kuzviita mugore rekudyara. Mutambo wemakisikiti inotsika-teredy system yekuronga mapazi. Nayo, matavi anovhenekerwa zvakajeka nezuva, kwete kudzvinyirirana, nekudaro, kubvumira chirimwa zvachose. Kuti unzwisise nzira yekuchera chitorike mumwaka, chirongwa chinotevera chichabatsira:

• Mumasaga emuti wacho inofanira kuva matare 6-8, hafu yeiyo inoumba yekutanga (yakaderera), iyo mashizha aripo pamativi akasiyana edu;
• Izvo skeletal yakasara (ichiri kunzi iyo huru) matavi anoumba wechipiri uye wechitatu tiers (yechipiri yakakwirira kudarika yekutanga kusvika 60 cm, uye yechitatu yepamusoro kune yechipiri ne40 cm).

Paunoumba muti wekrisiti, matavi haasi akavharidzirwa, asi (kana achionekwa kubva kumusoro) pakati pematavi ekutanga. Sezvo zvakakosha kudonha cherry muchitsime pakuvamba kwekufambisa kwesimbi, zvinokosha kuti usapotsa nguva.

Nhanho uye nguva dzemafupa akaumbwa

Kunyange zvazvo muti wacho uri kukura, nzira yekugadzirisa iri kuitika:

• Pamusara-umwe wemakore, 5-6 buds anoverengwa uye mutungamiri anogurwa pamusoro pepamusoro. Kureba kwehutano kunobva pane nzvimbo yekukura: kumaodzanyemba kwemaodzanyemba - kubva pa 60 cm, munzvimbo dzinotonhora - 30-50 cm.
• Mvura inotevera, sarudza mashizha 3-4 akasimba ekutanga, akacheka misoro, kuitira kuti urefu hahuna kupfuura 50-60 masikati, mamwe matavi anobviswa. Iyo inoputika inotemwa zvakare, ichienzaniswa kubva kune imwe yekutanga yezera ye 60-70 cm. Inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti inenge 4 tsitsi dzinoramba dziripo.

• Pakuvamba kwechitsime chechitatu vanoongorora muti. Kana iyo yakaderera davi isinganyanyogadziridzwa (uye inofanira kuva), haibatanidzwi, uye mashizha emashizha makuru akasara omutumbi wekutanga anotemwa pamwero wacho. Iva nechokwadi chekubvisa matavi anokwanisa kukwikwidza neavo makuru (ivo vanonzi vakwikwidzi), asi vari kukura mukati megwenzi kana padutu, sezvavanodhonza pazvokudya uye panguva imwe chete vanochera korona. Uye matavi akasimba, akakwana achaenderera mberi pakuumba matavi emakumbo echikwata chechipiri. Inotemwa kuitira kuti ive shomanana kudarika mupakati wekutengesa nemasendimita 15. Kubva kune mutsara wechipiri chiyero che40-50 cm, achicherechedza kuvapo kwe 4-6 itsvo, uye kuderedza mutungamiriri. Mune mamwe mazwi, korona inoumbwa neshizha rinogara riripo.
• Mugore rechina, zvakakosha kuderedza kukura kwemukati wevatungamiriri, iyo inodonhedzwa pamusoro pehutera husina simba redu, iyo, zvakare, inopfupiswa kusvika hafu yemamita. Kuchengetedza nheyo yekuchekerera, mumakore aya uye anotevera anoumba chikamu chechitatu uye kupfupisa kukura kwemashizha emashizha, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa.

Pruning sanitary

Ichi ndicho chiyeuchidzo chakakosha, sezvo zvichidikanwa kutema cherry muchitsime, mushure mekunge vatsvaga muti uye vagara vatsunga matavi akaoma, ane chirwere, akaputsika mukati kana korona uye ichikusimudza. Panguva ino, kukura kwemukati wekutungamirira, pamwe chete nematavi makuru, inoitwa nekuendesa kune simba risina kusimba.

Kuvandudza kutema

Izvi zvinoda kudiwa, apo fruiting inoderedzwa. Muchiitiko ichi, matavi ose ega ega ega akafupiswa nehurefu hwemakore maviri nemakore ekuwedzera. Usatya paunenge uchiita mabasa akadai zvakanyanya: maruva ehutori inotapira aripo pakutanga uye pakati pebazi, saka, achicheka kumusoro, murimi wekurima anomutsa kuumbwa kwemasva matsva asingabatanidzi mazamu akabatanidzwa.

Kudura kwe cherries muchechi: chii chaunoda kuziva

Kukurumidza kukura kwemafuro chiratidzo chetsika. Zvakakosha kuzvidzivirira. Saka, shandisa nguva yekuchekerera. Kuzadzikiswa kwemitemo iyi inoitwa, zvichibva pane ruzivo rwakakosha rwekugadzirisa zvakanakisisa chitoriya:

• Zvose zvinokonzerwa nekuchekerera miti zvinotorwa zvisati zvaitika.
• Pamusoro pekukosha kwakakosha kwebazi rebazi. Senguva ye 45-50 считается inonzi inofanirwa pakuumbwa kwemafupa emashizha.
• Chikamu chinofanira kutarisirwa nejasi rekuchenesa.
• Munguva yekuvandudzwa kwetsika, mashizha egore negore anotemwa roga roga kusvika kune chechina chekukura.

Zivo inoshanda yehutano hwekukura uye nzira yekuderedza cherry muchero inokurudzira fruiting yakawanda yemuti. Kuchengetwa kwakanaka kwemitambo yevechidiki kunokurudzira kutanga kwehuruwa mugore rechitanhatu.