Pfupiso ye "shasha yekare" Leskov. anoshanda Leskov

Sezvo makore namapfumbamwe remakore muRussia dziri kutanga kusika vanhu vari madly norudo nyika yavo, tendai vanhu, vakachenjera uye unyanzvi, vachifarira rusununguko munyika yose kuonekwa, akashora pfungwa duku murume.

Mumwe Classics, izvo zvinokanganisa yakadzika shinda inova Leskov.

"Old shasha", iro Kuongororwa iyo anoratidza zvakadzama zvinoreva basa pane zvingaita sokuti pakutanga tingaona chinokushamisa muverengi kumaonero akasiyana.

Zvishoma pamusoro munyori

Artwork Leskov "Old Genius" ndiyo imwe anobudirira zvikuru zvakasikwa ari munyori.

Nikolai Leskov - mumwe vanyori Russian zvavo. Akasika nyaya enganonyorwa pamusoro njodzi vanhuwo zvavo. Hazvibviri kuwana basa rake nhema kana kunyengera, nokuti akanyora kuti ainyatsoziva. Sezvineiwo, iye akanyora Genre, zvisina chaiwo chaizvo mabhuku Russian - the Christmas nyaya. Munyori haatendi muchechi, kunyanya pashure rendezvous yake Leo NdiTolstoy. Iye vaishora zvakaipa nevafundisi, kungoudza chokwadi. Achinyatsoziva kuti basa rake rirege kunzwisiswa enyika uye nevanyori, akaramba achinyora. Panguva iyoyowo akati kuti hapana achakuudza nyaya yake "Night namazizi", acharamba panzvimbo rakakiyiwa mudhirowa, nekuti, Ungangove, hakuna kunzwisisa zvaaireva.

mabasa makuru

Asi yechipiri yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, Nikolai Semenovich anobatana kuhondo vakaziva vanyori, kwete chete pakati vomunyika, asiwo vatongi dzavatorwa. Pakati ake kupfuura inoremekedzwa zvisikwa mabasa akadai sokuti "Hapana" (1864), "vadarika" (1865), "Islands" (1866), "pa loggerheads" (1870), "Cathedral Folk" (1872), "mumwe rundown nhangemutange "(1874) uye" Dhiyabhorosi mudhori ", rakabudiswa muna 1890.

Pfupiso ye "shasha wekare" Leskov

The Old mudzimai Vakavimba jaya dandy kubva St. Petersburg, nekuti ndakanga inonyatsoziva mai vake, mumwe mukadzi vakadzikama. Saka iye akamurega kwereta wemuno nemari. Kuti aite izvi, zvaifanira kuti bail pfuma yake. Aiva nechokwadi chokuti mari yake shure, asi zvinotora makore akawanda, uye chikwereti haana kurehwa. The mukadzi akwegura ane kuenda vachimutsvaka. Iye anosvika muSt Petersburg, apo dare anoita sarudzo, maererano izvo chikwereti vanosungirwa kubhadhara chikwereti. Chete ichi aifanira kununura pepa rine risiti. Dandy aiva yakawanda yakakwirira uye vanoremekedzwa vanoitisana, asi nekuti hapana akamboda kumupa mapepa. Gare gare zvikazikamwa kuti anogara dandy rwatenzikadzi wake, uye rinonyoreswa zviri furati mumba, uye hapana nzira kununura gwaro pakero. The Old mukadzi vapererwa, nokuti imba haararami woga, asi mwanasikana wake airwara kumuzukurukadzi. Vanhu kunzwisisa kuti chii chiri kuitika zviri kunaka, ndizvo urombo kwazvo yekare mudzimai, asi kuti hapana anogona kubatsira. Zvisinei, pane munhu akatozviti imwe shasha anokumbira rubatsiro 500 rubles. A dandy wayo akapfuma amai, Zvichakadai, anoenda rwendo. The shasha patinosangana vanozvipira inowirirana wokuSerbia srazhatelem, chikwereti akamisa zuva yekubva, ngachipiwe, achibva pakarepo mumaoko pepa. The Chaizvoizvo yose riri pakuti iye zvino anogona kuenda kunze, kana musingadi kubhadhara chikwereti, uye kuti anofanira kuita. Kana pfupiso "Old shasha" Leskov kuverenga, zvinova pachena kuti mashoko tenzi aikwanisa kuratidza muenzaniso mumwe chete nyaya yose opacity yose nezvakatongwa ezvinhu, zvokusarudza Implementation mitemo nokuti vakuru vakuru uye vanhu nenzvimbo nzvimbo vakakurumbira munzanga.

Nezve Nyanzvi

Kuda Russia yava akafemera munyori kudzidza zvakawanda zvinhu zvitsva nezvazvo uye kuratidza pfungwa yavo papepa. Nikolai Semenovich aiva munyori mudare kwemakore akawanda. Ainyatsoziva ari bureaucratic chikamu nezvakatongwa ezvinhu, akaona ayo uye zvaasingagoni, haagoni kungova munhu pasina nechinzvimbo chepamusoro vanoitisana kudzivirira chokwadi pamberi mutemo ano. Munyori wacho akatsanangura kuti isu ezvinhu umo aigona kuva chero wedu. Tinogona kuona sei kukuru kwaiva kusaruramisira vomuUmambo pamberi pedare, uyewo uzive zvaaida kutiratidza kuti munyori, kungoverenga pfupiso ye "shasha yekare" Leskov. Zvakafanana zvizere shanduro chigadzirwa, zvinoita kuti tifunge zvenzara misoro, uyewo kuti uongorore zvakare zvimwe zvinhu.

zvinokosha zvakawanda

Munyaya, munyori rinotsanangura nhoroondo, kune rumwe rutivi, hwakanga kusaruramisira uye muboka revatungamiriri panorumwe - inofadza uye pfungwa pamwechete magamba yepakutanga zvinoyemurika. The mukadzi akwegura Somuenzaniso, mutsa zvose, iye haadi zvakaipa kunyange murume akapinda naye meanly. Nokuti haana mitemo inokosha uye machinda, nokuti zvikuru ingenuous kuti varege dzingaidza magungano. Pamberi "wekare shasha" basa - kubata munhu mubiridziri, uye iye kushandisa zvose ake ruzivo, kufunga uye noumhizha, ari kuita chirongwa. The mufananidzo akatapwa chikwereti duku zvinhu. Zviri udyire uye anongozvifunga munhu, zvimwe sei kuita izvi vanhu? Haagoni kuwana nokutendeseka mupenyu, vanoda kupedza upenyu hwangu kunakidzwa. Leskov (nyaya "Old Genius") anoratidza kuti sei uropi mabasa aimbova mukuru mukuru, ndezvipi zvimwe vanhu kubva kumuduku Chizvarwa haadi kuita chinhu, asi chete kuti agadzirire, zvachose kwete munomimina.

nyaya sezvamunoita

Pfungwa - the munjodzi jaya pamberi nouori bureaucrats. Munyori anoti kana hurumende iri kudzivirira vanhu, kuti nechokwadi nekodzero dzavo uye vanovapa mitemo, vanhu vanofanira kuzviita zvose pachavo. Nyaya pachayo yakavakirwa pamusoro nyaya mucherechedzi zviri kuitika. Kune vakawanda afunge nzira, kubvira nguva nenguva kusika zvinoita tragicomedy. An dzinonakidza chinhu ndechokuti munyori - protagonist basa, chii anoti pepfupikiso "shasha yekare" Leskov. Anonzwa tsitsi okuberekwa, iye achida kuita chinhu kubatsira, asi asingatendi kuti zvichaita kuzadzisa chokwadi, nokuti chete anopa wake mari. Zvinofadza kuti yakadaro unofadza kunodikanwa chete zororo reKrisimasi. Izvi zvinongoitika zvakaoma, nokuti munyori zvechokwadi vanodavira kunamata kuri mumashoko munhu wese.

unexplored Leskov

"Old Genius" (vatsoropodzi ngaadarowo) unoratidzwa mufananidzo zviri kuitika zvechokwadi. It anogona kutevedzwa zvose zvakanaka uye husina kunaka yaingowanikwa reRussia vanhu. Munyori rinoratidza yose yevanhu kudzama tarenda. With ake dzose ndyaringo uye unopinza mashoko akarondedzera boka vakuru, vose kusada kwavo kushanda, kuunza neHurumende uye vanhu vanenge zvinobatsira.