Polyphylla: tsananguro uye dzinogarisana

Marble beetles - imwe Tupukanana refu kukura kunoita, zvayakaita akafanana May kovakuoriainen. Common muna Southern Europe, Ukraine uye zvishoma muRussia. Kazakhstan, Central Asia uye Gungwa Black inowanzorimwa mapazi zvakafanana imwe ringanidzo (chimiro uye tsika) - ngoko ngoko yakafukidzirwa chikero chena. KuCaucasus, kumba kovakuoriainen July eCaucasus.

Polyphylla: tsananguro

Kuva nemhuri scarab beetles hwokuratidza ruvara rutema mashava uye kukura zvakakwana guru (anenge 30-45 mm pakureba). A nevamwe chinhu ndiwo elytra, musoro uye pronotum multiple whitish makwapa, pova machena muenzaniso. Dumbu pubescent, muchiedza vachena vhudzi. Forelegs - uone, vanenge 35 mm refu. Tunonzwa brownish Rusty, crankshafts, dzinoshandisa serin'i curved chimiro, zvinosanganisira kubva 7 nuija pamahwendefa. Nhunzvi vanonyanya mwero, 5 pfupi zvikamu.

mamiriro ezvinhu aripo

July Polyphylla uremu rinowanika pakupera June, kana yakatarwa tembiricha kupfuura 10 ^° C masikati akavanda okumusoro akaturikidzana ivhu, manheru zvipembenene izvi kubhururuka kubva. The chatingatevedzera zvokudya vanosarudza vatanhi mashizha, nemiouki, uye mupaini tsono. Uye vakadzi vari vakaneta; kubhururuka pfupi marefu kunyanya varume. At having Polyphylla muvhu kana vachiri pamuti.

Zvisangane akadai tumbuyu vanosarudza dzemanheru. Eggs, dzinoratidzwa chena ruvara uye elongated chimiro, hadzi anoteya muvhu; fecundity mumwe munhu - mazai anenge 50. Mumwedzi mazai kuonekwa chena, mazana, kuyera anenge 7.5 masendimita gobvu curved hunde pakureba uye 1.5 masendimita pahupamhi. chiedza dzvuku pasina maziso Head. Kudziridza mumakore matatu, vakamirira chando muvhu panguva kudzika anenge 1 mita. Nokusvika kwematsutso simuka muimba akaturikidzana, uye kumirira kunze chaizvo kupisa iri kutonhora akaturikidzana ivhu.

Kuuya matatu kuhwanda, chechipiri hafu June dukutu anopinda pupation pachikuva; pupa kukura vanenge 40 mm. Polyphylla chinovapo mushure 3 mavhiki. The shaded uye muchitonhorera nzvimbo larval kukura nguva inogona kuwedzerwa kwerimwe gore, muna pupation Danho richasvika kuburikidza 4 nemwaka.

Dukutu Polyphylla: pokukuvadza

Adult ngoko beetles anodya zvishoma, saka mufundisi haana kukuvadza zvinomera kunokonzera. The tupukanana zvikuru ngozi ayo mazana. Paaiva padariro wokutanga zera, Vakaguta manyowa uye chirimwa midzi. Munguva kukuvadzwa midzi miti yemichero uye vatanhi kuchekwa pane yechipiri kukonzera rufu chirimwa. Unoda kudya mbatatisi tubers, beets, gariki, hanyanisi, makabheji, oilseed chibharo, chibage. Vanhu wechitatu zera iri zvakafanana kudya midzi miti akare. gore rapera kukura mazana havasi chete kugona kucheka Mudzi vaduku Pin, asiwo kutsenga mudzi muti simba.

Havo kugara ari murombo nevhu apo miti zvadzinoitwa zvirwere uye tupukanana kutura ngoko mazana machena kukuvadza zvikuru vechidiki plantings yemizambiringa nemiti yemichero. Dzimwe nguva anowedzera mabasa ayo pasina unyoro muvhu. Pane nyaya kutopedza (70%) kuparadzwa vatanhi kuchekwa wakasimwa pamahombekombe Dnieper.

The nzira zvoutachiona yokudzivirira

Rwisa machena beetles mazana akawanda nzira idzo dziri kudiwa kuitwa akabatana nevamwe.

nzira iyi zvipenyu, iyo inoshandisa dzinongoitika vavengi Polyphylla, kunyanya Chipped (Scolia hungarica). Easy kutsvaga muvhu dukutu zvingakanganisa muvengi (vaitovavarira wake anenge ari yakarurama mutsetse) Zvisinei chaunombotya uchibaya wacho, uye akabva rinokandira zai rayo mudumbu. Dzimwe nguva kuisa mazai hakuiti kubereka, asi akauraya uchibaya akuvara afa zvakadaro. Vakarangana mazana Scola sezvo zvokudya uchishandisa hondo dukutu - rudzi nguva dzose matsva zvokudya: kutadza kufamba, asi pamwe mberi kweropa. Ipapo kutendeuka muitiro panguva pupal uye mukuru Tupukanana. Last akadya nekita maruva akafanana feverweed, hanyanisi-musoro, Phacelia. Naizvozvo, nyanzvi dzinotaura dzine sei sabhoteji mabasa mazana Polyphylla, kudyara zvirimwa izvi kuitira kukwezva Chips. Mavara inokurudzirwa kuti kudyarwa kwemakore anoverengeka, nokudaro kuona kuti chamazuva ose nedanho kuparadzwa udyi.

Nzira hondo

Kuti adzivirire nemagariro dzezvimwe pakati Polyphylla rakarumbidza kunorapwa pamudzi ezvinhu mizambiringa yakabva kumwe chete zvipembenene. Utachiona ivhu runodiwa etched kwemishonga yezvipembenene.

Polyphylla kunyanya colonizes migove forestless shama mijenya, saka munzvimbo kunodiwa kupa dzinogarisana arambe achirema inomira. Fresh nokuveza chakasimwa inokurudzirwa kutora wechiduku dondo, uye vakwegura clearings hunodiwa kuti zvakadzama vamurimire nyika yakafanana okusuma makemikari. Accumulations Polyphylla miti akabvisa mhinduro kuti makemikari.