Potassium dichromate

Iko potassium dichromate zvinhu ine mazita akawanda, ayo, kusvika pamwero mukuru kana kuti muduku, mashandisirwo, anoshandiswa zvichienderana nenharaunda yekushandiswa kwenyama yacho pachayo. Nenzira, tsika yemakemikari inowanzoshandisa mazita e potassium dichromate kana potassium chromium. Apo zvinosvika kumashandisi ekushandisa, ipapo boka iri rinosarudzwa nezwi chromepic. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti rudzi rwekubatanidzwa runobatanidzwa sei, nokuti mumashandisirwo ezuva nezuva, chrome inonziwo sodium dichromate neyemuyo Na2Cr2O7 * 2H2O. Iyo ikemikari ye potassium cadmium K2Cr2O7.

Zvisikwa zve potassium cadmium zvinotevera. Kunze, ichi chinhu christin-yakavezwa kristani ine kristall lattice inoshandiswa pasi pesimba rekushisa. Pakukosha kwayo kusvikira pa257 ° C, jira rine chimiro che triclinic single crystals, uye kana kutonhora kuchikwira kupfuura 257 ° C, inoshanduka kune monoclinic.

Potassium dichromate zvinhu ine nzvimbo yakanyungudutswa ye 396 ° C, iyo inokwira kumusoro kwe500 ° C, iyo inodonha muK2CrO4, Cr2O3 uye oksijeni. Izvo zvakanyanyojeka zve potassium cadmium is 2.69 g / cm3. Potassium dichromate inonongedzeka nyore nyore mune zvinogadziriswa:

- pakushambidza kwe-0 ° C, 4.6 gm e-potassium chrome yakanyatsopera mumagiramu 100 emvura;

- pamusana wekushisa kwe25 ° C, muhuwandu hwemvura yakatove yakwanisika kuparadza zvachose 15.1 gm, uye nekuwedzera kwekushisa kusvika ku50 ° C - ikozvino 37.7 gramu.

Mune doro, somuenzaniso, mune ethanol, potassium dichromate inopera simba.

Potassium dichromate inoumba eutectic, inogadzirisa mvura yakagadziriswa inogadzirisisa pamhepo yakadzika yepamusoro kune rimwe boka rezvinhu, iyo yakagadzirirwa-yakagadzirwa neH2O-K2Cr2O7 ine chrome yakagadzirwa ne430% nehuwandu. Nzvimbo yekunyungudutswa kwechikamu ichi inenge 0,63 ° C chete, uye inotonhora pa 104.8 ° C (zvinyorwa zve potassium chloride mumugadziro ndeye 52% nehukuru).

Nekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvakadai se potassium dichromate, zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzoitika mumasidhidhi asiri iyo inomiririrwa nesarudzo yakasimba. Iyo iyo pachayo ndiyo inonyanya kusimba oxidizing agent, semuenzaniso, panguva yekuita potassium uye potassium chromium, munyu weK2SO4 uye chromium oxide inowanikwa .

Kana uchitaurirana ne sulfuric uye nitric acids, potassium dichromate ma polychromates. Kana kupisa misanganiswa ine chinyorwa ichi uye hydrogen peroxide, nyore nyore kuputika peroxide makristasi inowanikwa, iyo iyo inosanganisira chikamu chinokosha chezvipuka.

Kushanda kwekushanda, kubudiswa kwe potassium chrome kunoitwa nekuita kwaNa2Cr2O7 kushandurana neKCl, iyo inogadziriswa inopisa kusvika kunzvimbo dzakanyanya kutonho - panguva ye 1000-1300 ° C.

Potassium dichromate inoshandiswa, iyo makemikari ayo anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, pakugadzirwa kwemavara akasiyana-siyana, mumashandi eestile uye ehwehwe anoshandiswa mukuchenesa kwechiganda. Iyo yakawanda inoshandiswa mumapuranga nekugadzira mitambo, zvichiita pyrotechnic mishonga, kupikisa. Kana iwe ukapedza potassium chromium mu sulfuric acid, unowana mhinduro inoshanda zvikuru yekugeza zvigadzirwa zvegirazi mu laboratories. Sezvo chikamu che potassium chromium chinoshandiswa mumagetsi emhepo, pamwe chete mune metallurgy se inhibitor yekutsvaira kwesimbi nesavo.

Hrompik potassium inonyanya kukanganiswa. Matsipa ekugadzirisa kwawo, kusvika kune nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzomuviri womunhu, kuparadza ganda. Kunyange zvishoma zvishoma zveizvi zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mapepa ekufema uye kukuvadza goroti yeganda yematumbu. Zviitiko zvinozivikanwa zvekukuvadza kune itsvo, chiropa uye mapuropa emimba. Saka, paunenge uchiita basa ne potassium dichromate, kunyatsodzivirira kunofanira kutorwa. Kunyanya kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kunodzivirira kupumha yehutano uye ganda.