Reserve "Tauric Chersonesos": mapikicha uye kuongororwa kwevashanyi

Chersonese Tavrichesky - iyi ndiro zita rakaberekerwa muguta, rakatevedzwa nevekare vevaGiriki vanyori makore maviri nehafu akapfuura. Kugadziriswa kwakarongeka kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweCrimean peninsula. Mazuva ano matongo emugwagwa uyu ndiwo chiratidzo cheSevastopol. Asi vanhu ivavo vanotanga kusvika kuCrimean guta, kutanga kokutanga vanoshanyira dolphinarium, Panorama, musamuziyamu weBlack Sea Fleet uye Aquarium uye shure kweizvozvo kuenda kuChersonese yekare. Asi pachisvika muSevastopol kwechipiri, vatashanyi vanobva vaenda kuChersonese, uko kune mukana wekufarira zuva rose zvigadzirwa zvekare, kukanganwa pamusoro pekuvapo kwehupenyu.

Mhemberero yeguta

Ramangwana Taurian Chersonesos pakutanga kwaiva musha muduku, wakaiswa kune rimwe remabhangi eyo, iyo nhasi inonzi Kudarine. Kusvika panzvimbo yekunze, varongi vaitora zvombo, zvokudya, midziyo yeimba. Vakatorawo nguo, basa rekushanda, uye, zvichida, mombe. Vakatamira pamhenderekedzo yekusungirirwa kwega, vaikoloni vakagara pedyo nehova, vachiisa matende avo pedyo nezvikepe zvavo. Vakavakawo dzimba dzenguva pfupi. Idzi dzaive dzimba uye huts. Mushure mokunge, vanhu vatsva vasvika vakavaka matumba ekugara.

Chersonese (mifananidzo inowanikwa munyaya yedu) akazopararira kune imwe nzvimbo yakakura. Asi nzvimbo iyi iri pamahombekombe egungwa iyi uye ndiyo inonyanya kusununguka yekugara. Mushure mezvose, zvisikwa pachazvo zvakagadzirira basa rekuisa mukana wezvimbo inoshandiswa pakupaka kwezvikepe. Nokudaro, pakutanga kwehupenyu hwevatorwa, nzvimbo iyi yaive yakakosha zvikuru. Iyi ndiyo nzira chete yaibatanidza neamailand uye iyo inobva kune zvigadzirwa (kubata). Chimwe chikonzero, iyo nzvimbo ino inonzi inonyanya kukosha, ndeyokuti inodzivirirwa kubva pamhepo inotonhora inobva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero uye kubva kuchamhembe negomo. Kare Chersonesus panguva yepakutanga haina kutora mahekeri mana emunzvimbo yacho. Vagari varo vakaverengwa vanenge chiuru nehafu.

Kubvira Chersonese kusvika kuKherson

Zita rokuti "Chersonese" kubva muchiGiriki rinoshandurwa se "peninsula". "Tavrichesky" inoreva iyo iri muTaurica, muTaurus lands. Uye Tauris pachavo vaiva nhengo dzerudzi rwemhirizhonga, rwakanga rwune mukurumbira wakaipa. Vanhu ava vairamba vachirwisana uye vakanga vane utsinye zvikuru. Nyika yavo yekwaKrimea yemazuva ano. IChersonesos yeTaurus yakanga yakakomberedzwa kubva kumativi ose.

Guta-nyika yeChersonese yaivapo anenge makore zviuru zviviri. Uye nhoroondo yehupenyu hwake haina kukosha kuUkraine chete, asiwo kunyika dzakadai seByzantium, Ancient Rome neGreece Greece. Chersonese Taurian akavakwa sekoloni yeguta rakapfuma uye rakakurumbira rechiGiriki reHerakleia Pontus. Naizvozvo, mumutsika wake, tsika dzechiGiriki netsika dzakaitika kwenguva refu. Akanga anewo zita rekutengeserana kwekutengeserana, uye akaitawo mauto ehondo neumambo hwaBosporus uye nevaScythia.

MuMiddle Ages, Chersonesus yakazotumidzwa zita rinonzi Kherson, kunyange mumanyoro ekare yeRus Rus kune zita rokuti Korsun. Kwezviuru zvemakore Chersonesus (chinyorwa pamusoro) chaive chikamu cheMasimba ose eByzantine. Nokudaro, guta racho rakazova muKristu mukuru kune iyo yose yeCrimean peninsula. Uye muna 1399 Kherson yakapambwa uye yakapiswa neuto raKhan Yedigei.

Nheyo yezvakachengetedzwa

Muna 1892, apo Chersonese yakanga iripo (mepu iripo mberi), musamu wekuchera matongo wakagadzwa. Uye muna 1994, nemurairo weMutungamiri weUkraine ari kuita panguva iyoyo, akapiwa mamiriro ehurumende yenyika "Chersonese Tavrichesky". Nzvimbo iyi inowanikwa munzvimbo inenge mahekita mazana mashanu. Uye gore roga roga rinoshanwa nemazana mazana matatu evanhu. Pakati pemabasa makuru emu museum ndeaya:

• Kutsvakurudza kwezvesayenzi.
• Chengetedzo.
• Kudzorerwa kwetsika uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvakwa.
• Popularization.
• Kuumba mamiriro ezvinhu ekuvaraidza nekushanyirwa.
• Kubudirira uye kushandiswa kwepamusoro kwenhaka iripo.

Iyo yakachengetwa "Chersonese Tavrichesky" inogona kuve neyechikomo, iyo yevhesi yeV. BC. E. - XV yezana remakore. N. E., Nhare yepakati pekare , nhare yeCembalo, iri muBalaklava uye ndeyemakore mazana gumi nemazana nemakumi maviri nemana. Mukuwedzera, kune zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana mumhando yavo yekare yepurazi uye zvikamu, izvo zvinoratidzira yekutanga Archaeological Park munharaunda yeUkraine.

Reserve for high mind

Imwe yedhipatimendi yedare iri ine nyanzvi dzepamusoro dzakagadzirika dzinofarira chaizvo zvavari kuita. Pakati pevashandi vekuchengetedzwa kune vatanhatu vanozvida zvezvesayenzi, uye vanhu gumi vari kungogadzirira nzira yekudzivirira mabasa avo ezvesayenzi. Nzvimbo yerudzi rwe "Chersonese Tavrichesky" iri pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaGeneral Director Leonid Vasilievich Marchenko. Anobata musoro weChemekedzo Mubashandi weChirongwa cheUkraine nyika uye mubatidzi wezvesayenzi.

Kutenda kuvepo kwezviyeuchidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye vashandi vakarovedzwa, Chersonese akazova nheyo yekuita tsika yevadzidzi nevadzidzi. Saka, munguva yakafanira pano mazano anobatsira ekudzidzisa vana kubva kumatunhu nemayunivhesiti eSt. Petersburg, Moscow, Kharkov neKiev vakapfuura.

Chersonese Tavrichesky inokwezva ruzivo rwakanyanya kubva kune vanyori vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. Nokudaro, mune mabhuku enyika idzi, nyaya nemashoko pamusoro peguta rekare zvinowanzoonekwa, uye pamisangano yenyika dzakawanda inowanzokwanisika kunzwa zvinyorwa zvitsvakurudzo zvakaitwa muguta rino.

Chersonese anofarira

Yaiva mumusha uyu avo avo vaipesana nehurongwa hwevatongi veConstantinople vaimbova vatapwa. Pakati pevanhu vakadaro vakanga vari ivo pachavo vakazviti vaRoma IV, vaJustinian vaipikisa Philippe Vardan uye, chaizvoizvo, Justinian II pachake, pamwe naPapa Martin. MuChersonese mune dare remitambo yekare, iyo ndiyo chete yerudzi rwayo munharaunda yose yeSNM. Guta reKherson rakatumidzwa zvakadai naMempress Catherine II mukuremekedzwa kweChersonesos yekare.

Theater of Chersonesos

Crimea Chersonesus, sezvatotaurwa, akazova muridzi weiyo yekare yemitambo, iyo yakavakwa pakupera kwemakore mazana matatu-IV. Iyi yemitambo inogona kugarisa vataridzi vanopfuura chiuru nenguva. Apo Chersonesus yakanga iri pasi pekutonga kwevatongi vekare, yemitambo yakashandiswa senhandare yekurwa kwehondo. Apo, muumambo hweRoma, chiKristu chakava chirevo chikuru, marudzi ose emitambo yakarambidzwa. Uye pamatongo eimba yemitambo yakagadzira machechi mashoma epamusoro.

Sights of Chersonesos

Pakati pezviyeuchidzo zveguta rekare, rakakodzera kuti munhu wese afunge, imwe inogona kudana bhenji bhero. Yakakandwa muna 1778. Nokuti iyo yakagadzirwa yakashandiswa Turkish yakabatwa nepfuti. Basa rechero nderokunyevera nezvezvikepe zvaipfuura nepagungwa mumamiriro ekunze akaipa. Apo Hondo yeCrimea yakapfuura iyo chiratidzo yakatorwa kune guta guru reFrance. Chete muna 1913 bhero ye misty yakadzoserwa panzvimbo yayo yakakodzera.

Chiratidzo cheChersonesos chinoonekwa se "guru basilica". Yaiva yekutanga temberi yeruwa yakavakwa muzana ramakore rechitanhatu. Zvino guta racho raitongwa naMambo weByzantium Justinian I. Pasi rechechi yakanga yakazara nemifananidzo. Iko kare muzana remakore X pamatongo echechi yekare yakagadzirwa temberi itsva. Nokuti kuvaka kereke iyi vashandisi vakashandisa kuvhara kwetemberi yekare. Marble yakashandiswa kuita zvinyorwa zvechivako chacho, uye dzairema anenge makirogiramu mazana matatu.

Kuongorora uye maonero evashanyi

Vaya vakanga vane ruzivo rwakakwana rwokushanyira Chersonesos avo vakasiyana uye vasina kukwana vanoti izvo chete zvinowanikwa zvekare zvemhando dzavo zvinoita kuti zvibvirire kugunzva mararamiro ekare nekudzikisa mweya yavo. Mushure mezvose, nhoroondo yehurumende imwe chete pano inogona kuverengwa pane rimwe dombo. Vatashanyi vanoti Chersonese yakafanana nemichina inotakura vanhu munguva dzekukunda, hondo dzehondo uye yekutanga maitirwo emitambo.