Romanov chigaro: yokutonga. tsars All Russian of Romanov youmambo

Mumakore 300-shamisa makore autocracy muRussia zvakanzi nechokuita zvakananga Romanov hwedzinza. Vakakwanisa kuwana nzvimbo pachigaro choushe mumazuva Troubles. The angoerekana pamusoro enyika jengachenga kuti imba youmambo itsva ndiyo huru pane chiitiko muupenyu chero mamiriro. Kazhinji, rinenge achiperekedzwa chimurenga kana chimurenga, asi chero kana kuchinja simba wakavhomorwa kuti kubviswa yekare simba vepamusoro nechisimba.

prehistory

MuRussia, kuti kwaita imba itsva yakanga nokuti kuti bazi Rurik vakagura kubva kuzvizvarwa rufu Ivan IV anotyisa. mamiriro ezvinhu aya munyika akasika kwete zvikuru enyika, asiwo Kunzanga chete. Pakupedzisira izvi zvakatungamirira kuti munyaya wehurumende vava vatorwa vachipindira.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ramboita munhoroondo Russia handishanduki saka kazhinji vatongi, zvoita kuti imba itsva, afa Ivan anotyisa. Mumazuva iwayo, kwakauraya choumambo kwete vepamusoro, asiwo vamwe munzanga strata. Vatorwa uyewo takaedza kupindira kurwira simba.

Pachigaro choushe rimwe pashure vamwe vazukuru Rurik akazviratidza mumunhu Vasiliya Shuyskogo (1606-1610), vamiririri Untitled kwamachinda inotungamirwa Boris Godunov (1597-1605), vaiva vanyengeri zvose - Venhema Dmitry I (1605-1606) uye Venhema Dmitry II (1607- 1610). Asi hapana havana vanokwanisa kugara simba kwenguva refu. Zvakanga kusvikira 1613, hamusati asvika ari tsars Russian of Romanov dzinza.

mavambo

Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti sezvo vakadaro mhando iyi akabva Zahareva. Asi Romanovs - zita hachisi chokwadi. Zvakatanga nepfungwa yokuti Patriarch Filaret, t. E. Zaharev Fedor Nikolaevich, akasarudza kuchinja zita rake. Tungamirirwa chokuti baba vake aiva Nikita Romanovich, uye sekuru vake - Roman Yurevich, iye akasvika nevanegumi anonziwo "Romanov". Saka nhangemutange akapiwa zita idzva kushandiswa munguva yedu.

Romanov chigaro (akatonga 1613-1917) kwakatanga Mikhail Fedorovich. Pashure akasvika choushe Alexei Mikhailovich, zita remadunhurirwa nevanhu "quietest". Next aiva Theodore A .. Ipapo vahosi Sophia Alekseevna mitemo uye Ivan V Alekseevich.

Panguva yaitonga Peter I - muna 1721 - rehurumende kudzorwa zvachose uye akava Russian Empire. Kings yakanyura kupinda yokukanganwa. Zvino mambo akava mambo. Vanosvika 19 Russian Romanov akapa vatongi. Pakati pavo - 5 vakadzi. Heino imwe tafura inotaura zvakajeka zvose Romanov youmambo, uye ushe okuremekedza.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chigaro chepamusoro uye dzimwe nguva vakadzi. Asi hurumende naPauro Ndakapfuura kuti musoro mambo anogona zvino kutakura chete zvakananga mugari wenhaka nhamba yevanhu mutemo. Kubvira ipapo, pasina mukadzi asisiri hwaikwira chigaro.

Romanov imba, paitonga kunobva nguva rugare nguva, kunyange muna 1856, vakagamuchira ayo yepamutemo mufananidzo. Unoratidza gora kunhaka iri mhuka nemazinzara tharch uye goridhe munondo. Micheto vari yakashongedzwa nguvo maoko adziviswa sere semisoro yeshumba.

The Last Emperor

Muna 1917, zviremera munyika Yakabata Bolsheviks, uyo akapidigura hurumende. Czar Nicholas II aiva wekupedzisira Romanov dzinza. Akapiwa zita remadunhurirwa rokuti "Bloody" nokuti chokwadi kuti mumakore nokumukirana maviri 1905 uye 1917 nezviuru ake vanhu vakaurayiwa hurongwa.

Vanyori venhoroondo vanofunga kuti pakupedzisira mambo waiva mutongi munyoro, saka akaita zvimwe zvikanganiso chisingaregererwi, zvose mudzimba uye dzimwe negwaro. Ivo zvakakonzera kuti munyika zvinhu kwakawedzera kusvika pokupedzisira. Kukundikana Japan, uye gare gare Hondo Yenyika Vokutanga zvikuru vasanyanya simba Kesari uye mhuri yose youmambo.

Muna 1917, mhuri hwoumambo usiku 17 July, yaisanganisira, kuwedzera mambo wake, uyewo ane vana vashanu, akapfurwa nokuda Bolsheviks. Ipapo rufu uye yega mugari wenhaka kune Russian choushe - shoma mwanakomana Nicholas, Alex.

nguva yedu

Romanovs - chinhu chekare boyar mhuri kuti akapa Russia imba youmambo guru madzimambo, uye vatongi akazotevera. Ivo akatonga nehurumende makore zvishoma anopfuura mazana matatu, kubva XVI remakore. Romanov imba, panguva yokutonga iyo yakaguma kuuya nesimba Bolsheviks, yakakanganiswa, asi mapazi vanoverengeka ichi mhando zviripo nhasi. Vose vanogara kunze. About 200 vavo vane mazita akasiyana, asi hapana achakwanisa kutora chigaro, kunyange kana kudzorerwa umambo.