Semilunar moyo valve: chimiro, nzvimbo. Semi-lunar Vascular Valves

Svivha-lunar valves - tsanangudzo yavo inopiwa munyaya ino. Mukuwedzera, mushure mokunge maverenga mashoko ari pasi apa, munogona kudzidza nezvekushanda kwevhetivha mumutumbi wemunhu, nezvemaitiro avo, pamusoro penzvimbo dzavari. Ruzivo, pasina mubvunzo, ruchava rufaro kune vose vanofarira kufanana kwevanhu.

Kusarudza valve

Mune mhuka iyo inyanzvi yekugadzirisa, kune zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa kuitira kuti itungamirire nzizi mumugwagwa wakarurama. Kuchinja kwakadaro kuri mumoyo wemisungo - ivo vakaoma kunzwisisa. Izvo zvinowanikwawo mumagetsi e-capacitive e-calibres akasiyana-siyana.

Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi ndeyekusanganiswa kwezvinyorwa zvemaatomical kuti, pakushanda pamwe chete, zvinopindira nechechi (retrograde) kufamba kweropa.

Mhando dzemagetsi emwoyo

• Bhuku rokutanga ndiro zvivako zvinoparadzanisa vhirikiri uye yeAria.
• Boka rechipiri ndiro mabheji ari panzvimbo yekushandura kusvika kune aorta uye pulmonary artery trunk, munzvimbo yekutora kwemidziyo iyi kubva pamhepo inobva pamwoyo.

Mavheti eAortic uye mapapuine ane zvivako zvinotevera:

1. Dampers yemasikironi (semilunar valves of the heart).

2. Nzvimbo pakati pezviputi (inter-flap triangles).

3. Sinuses.

4. Zvindori zvinofadza (kuvepo kwayo kunopikisana).

Semi-lunar dampers

Sezvo semilunar yakaita mune aya mavhavha ane zvidhori chete zvinopinda mazviri, zvakarurama kutumidza mavhavha aya aortic valve uye semagunar valve ye trum pulmonary. Zvose magetsi ane zvipfeko zvitatu. The valor valve ine kurudyi, kuruboshwe uye kumashure. Uye pavhavha ye tron pulmonary panzvimbo yemushure - mberi.

Kuyera kwezvipfeko zvakasiyana kune vanhu vemakore akasiyana, kunewo mumwe munhu maitiro. Sezvo mutemo, rutivi rwehafu rwemwedzi aortic mavhenekera rwakapetwa kupfuura zvivi zve aortic, uye zvakasiyana, zviduku. Chimiro chakadaro chinokurudzira kufamba kwavo pasi nekuvhara kwevhavha pavanenge mazadza neropa. Mune zvitema zve aorta, maronary coronary aripo.

Semirunar valves iri pedyo nepete ye fibrous. Izvo zvinoumbwa ne endocardial fold. Ikoko kune mberi, kuseri uye kurudyi kwevhavha dzakagadzirwa. Mitsipa yavo yepasi yakabatana kumagumo ezvitadzo. Dampers uye sinuses zvinogadzira lunettes. Zvivharo zveprescent zvishoma zvishoma muhukuru kupfuura zvivi zveguru re pulmonary.

Zvivi zve aortic valve uye valve ye trum pulmonary

Zvivi zve aorta uye mishonga yemapuraneti ndiyo nzvimbo pakati pekudzivirira kwemazuva maviri uye mudziyo.

Kureba kwezvivi zve aortic yevanhu vakuru ndeye 1.7-2 cm, kudzika kwavo kunobva ku 1.5 kusvika 3 mm. Kuwedzeresa kwezvitema kunowanikwa nezera. Nzvimbo dziri pakati pemapapiro ari pedo kune imwe dzine chimiro chetatu, ine chitubu chinotarisana ne ventricles. Takatatu inosanganisira collagen uye elastic fibers, iyo inobatanidza dampers pamwe chete uye inoita mashizha evharuti.

Pasi pedo re-aorta, chimiro chemafirivhi ane mazino matatu chinoumbwa, chakafanana nekorona.

Mukati pemutsipa wepermonary, zvitadzo zvitatu zvinowanzozivikanwa: anterior, kuruboshwe uye kurudyi. Dzimwe nguva pane zvivi zviviri. Ukuru hwezvivi izvi zvinopesana zvakasiyana mumapoka ezera, uyewo zvine maitiro. Kuvanhu vakuru, kuruboshwe rwunoita 19-32 mm rwakareba, 12-16 mm kumusoro, 20-32 mm kurudyi, uye 10-15 mm yakafara. Inotanga iri 20-30 mm uye 10-15 mm, zvichienderana.

Haasi munhu wese anoona kuvepo kwehutano hwemagetsi muchitsime chemuti wepermonary.

Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kumagetsi

Iko inonzi semilunar valve haibvumiri ropa kudzokera kumhepo.

Munguva yekuputika kwemutsipa wemwoyo, ropa riri mumhepo inotenderera inofamba nenzira mbiri: kumashure emamera emharapara, uye kuAria. Sezvo zvasvika pamagetsi e-atrioventricular, ropa rinopikisana navo, uye magetsi anovhara. Izvo zvinomanikidzwa mumatanda emavhizimusi maviri anowedzera. Kushingairira kweprescent semilunar valve inowedzera uye inodarika iyo mu aorta uye mishonga yemapurmita. Nzira chete yekubuda kweropa kunopinda mukati meaorasi, uye kubva pakakodzero yakarurama kusvika mumutumbi wepermonary. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu aya, mavhavhavha evhavhirivha akavharwa uye semilunar iyo yakazaruka.

Apo ikozvino kubva kumucheto wekumaodzanyemba kwema ventricle inomhanyira kune aorta, ikozvino ino inosvitsa semilunar flaps kurwisa rusvingo rwe aortic. Mushure mekudzingwa kweropa kubva pamakona emhepo, zvivi zveAorta zvinowira. Iko kunzorora kwemhepo, uye ropa rakakandwa mumatrija rinodzokera kumwoyo, kuruboshwe rwemhepo. Zvivi zveArteri zvakazadzwa neropa, uye zvipfeko zvinokwana zve aorta zvakaputirwa. Ropa haruyerere kumashure muchechi ye ventricle.

Iyo mapirmaria semilunar valve inoshandawo.

Mavheti eAortic uye mapapemine anodzivisa kufamba kwakasiyana-siyana kweropa kubva mumidziyo mikuru mumugwagwa wezvinyorwa zvinopera pamagumo e-systemole.

Semi-lunar Vascular Valves

Mumumuviri mune rudzi rwemagetsi emagetsi, ane sarudzo yakajeka kudarika mapapiro emwoyo, asi basa ravo rinoramba richifanana. Izvi ndizvo zvivako izvo zvinodzivirira kudzorerazve kufamba kweropa.

Semirunar valves iri mune mamwe mitsipa (makumbo, mitezo yepamusoro), uyewo mumidziyo ye lymphatic.

Izvo zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemhepo zvinomiririrwa nemaketani emidziyo yekudzivirira, basa rayo kutakura ropa kune zvikamu zvakarurama zvemoyo kunopesana nemagetsi. Zvimedu zvehutachiona hunova nehutachiona husina kusimbiswa mumusana kupfuura mune mishonga. Vane nzira dzakasiyana dzeropa kubva kunzvimbo dzakaderera kusvika pamwoyo. Imwe yenzira dzakagadziriswa ndeyekuvapo kwemasvinivha emagunirar.

Ivhavha yemavhuini ine magetsi maviri, mabheji evhavha uye zvikamu zvemuchina wemadziro. Zvivako zvevheji mune nhamba yakawanda zviri mumaketani emakumbo. Semuenzaniso: hombe huru yepenfine inosvika gumi kusvika kune gumi.

Pathologies

Kana kutendeseka kana basa revhavha risina simba nekuda kwekutsvaira kana kuputika, mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera hutano inoita kuti chidikanwi chekuzivikanwa uye kutanga utachiona hwakanaka (acute kana kuti kwenguva refu inotapira moyo mukati mekuda kwekuvhiringidza pamagetsi emwoyo).

Anozivikanwa nehutachiona hwemitsipa, hunobatanidza nekuvhiringidzwa kwemagetsi, chirwere chevaricose chirwere, icho chinokuvadza kwezvinetso zvayo (thrombophlebitis, kuputika kwemakumbo, kuvharwa kwemapirmita arteri). Pari zvino, mushonga wemazuva ano une nzira dzinoverengeka dzehutano dzekuvandudza kushanda kwemuviri, kunyanya, mavhavha ari mubvunzo. Zvinonzwisisika, pane imwe neimwe munhu anoswedera kune munhu anorwara anotsunga.

Nokudaro, takaongorora mabasa emagetsi emagetsi, basa ravo mukushanda kwemuviri womunhu, zvinetso zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana uye kukanganiswa kunoenderana nemagetsi.