Separate pfuma - uyu ... Pfungwa, mifananidzo, mienzaniso

Zvebhizimisi - sangano kuti ane vakaparadzana pfuma, kuita pamusoro yayo nokuda mu yevagari turnover uye anokonzera vayo mitoro. Activities makambani nokudzorwa Civil Code uye mitemo zvekutepfenyura-chaicho.

umboo

The tsananguro inonyanya rakakwana pamusoro repamutemo averenga Art. 48 of Civil Code. Maererano naye, boka anowana kodzero, bere mabasa, zvingaita mudare sezvo mukwiriri kana mukwirirwi. Makambani All inofanira zvinofungidzirwa, wakaparadzaniswa pfuma, yakazvimirira nomwero. Available zvinhu kukosha kambani anokonzera munataisireva. Property kungava zvebhizimisi munyika operative utariri, muridzi kana zvoupfumi utariri. Kana kuongorora mitemo saka kusiyanisa huru zviri kwezvoupfumi vatambi. Vane nechomukati, tinoberekwa unhu kuti zviripo kunzwisisa. zvachose kuwanikwa yavo ichava zvakakwanira kuziva boka sezvo nyaya kodzero dzevanhu. Maererano Art. 48 of Civil Code, pfungwa huru zviri yemakambani zvakadai musangano kubatana uye pfuma voga. Panyaya iyi, yokupedzisira iri, sezvo mutemo, chinhu chokutanga. Chimbofunga zvimwe zvakawanda zvakaita pfuma iri repamutemo.

Mamirire zvinhu tsika

Separate pfuma - chiri chinhu kuti Rinotarisira zvivako zviri Company chete. Vari ndiparadzaniswe zvinhu zvaiva vechikamu / shareholders. Kuvapo kwavo ndiko chinodiwa kuti Implementation yacho vachida. The h. 1 tbsp. 48 ndizvo zvinodiwa kuti zvinoshanda rakasiyana pfuma. Parizvino ndizvo zvinosungirwa zvoupfumi sangano kufunga pfuma yesangano iri mapepa. For emakambani nemasangano vane anokosha nhau siyana. Saka, zvapedzisira vanosungirwa kuita ongororo. Kufanana nevamwe bhizimisi, vanofanira kufungawo nokwenzvimbo pfuma nechiyero pepa.

Chaizvo rokuzvidavirira

Independent mwero kunoratidza kukwana uye kuratidzwa kukwana pfuma iri kurasa zvavakanga vachida kuita. Zvichakadai, zvinyorwa zvakadaro kungatowedzera bazi kana mumiririri hofisi. Muchiitiko ichi tinotaura pamusoro mumwe, pane imwe yoga nepakati pepa. In mapepa akadaro haibatanidzi ose zviratidzi vari pedyo zvinokonzera guru inotungamirwa uye mirayiridzo yaro mari mhiri zvebhizimisi rose inozivikanwa. ruzivo urwu wakanyorwa chete nechiyero pepa.

kuita makambani

Separate pfuma - Ndivo zvaioneka zvinhu kuti kambani anoshandisa kubhadhara zvikwereti zvayo. Mutemo wakadzikwa inokosha zvimiso vaita kuita. Saka, pane chiratidzo nemitemo rusununguko. It inosiya Makambani akafanirwa nokuda kwechikwereti nhengo dzayo. Saizvozvowo, shareholders hadzina munyaya kugarwa pakati munataisireva eungano.

mukana nyaya

Sezvo chinhu chinokosha chaizvo bhizimisi nyasha mano ayo kuti varege sungiro uye kuwana kodzero. Nokudaro, boka anoita se yakazvimirira nyaya yevagari ukama mutemo. Kunyanya, kambani iri yayo nokuda anopedzisa kutengeserana, mumwe mukwirirwi / mukwiriri mudare.

zvakawanikwa

Ongorora zvokudya Art. 48 of Civil Code, tinogona kugumisa kuti ndeyokuva 3 hazvo chiratidzo zvoupfumi sangano:

1. Economic. Anofunga kuti kambani ine yoga pfuma. Izviwo, zvinoreva kuti kambani akasika zvinhu hwaro mufambiro remapazi, zvemari wazvipira.
2. , Zvinhu. Iye anotaura kuti kugona zvoupfumi yomuchipatara kutakura mitoro, kuti wana pfuma uye asiri pfuma kodzero.
3. Legal. chinhu ichi inoratidza kambani anogona kuita somunhu respondent / mukwiriri mune kusawirirana mudare.

Vanotarisira midziyo

Sezvakataurwa apa, chinhu chinokosha zvoupfumi sangano mabasa sezvo pamberi pfuma yake. The boka, yakasimbiswa munzira waakaudzwa nemutemo uye ine yayo pfuma, kuzivikanwa wenguva ubatanidzwe kwevagari riparadzirwe. Zvisinei, kodzero muridzi haaiti chete hwaro, maererano nako kambani anogona kurasa zvokunyama. The kambani, mukuwedzera, anogona kuti utariri zveupfumi kana operative utariri chepfuma. Zvisinei, Muzviitiko izvi, mukana zvoupfumi sangano kuti kushandisa upfumi pamwero zvishoma. Somuenzaniso, makambani sevapristi pamutemo varidzi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuitika pfuma. Nyaya dzinotambura kodzero kuti zvinhu tsika havagoni kuita achibata navo.

Zvinoitwa yoga pfuma iri chizvidavirire

The pari inoshanda vehurumende mitemo anopa paumbwe shoma kuita makambani uyewo makambani ichipa kuzadzika sungiro Vanzveri zvinhu zvinokosheswa, zvinoreva panguva yavo inoraswa. Panzvimbo ino, yakatarwa zvechadenga kambani, pamwe zvakananga kukanganisa nzira rokuzvidavirira zviitiko zvoupenyu zvoupfumi. Zviratidzo izvi ndiwo kuzviremekedza basa uye pfuma oga pamusoro apa. mutemo Civil hakuwaniki pachayo. zvokudya zvaro inoitirwa kushandisa uchidzidzira zvidzidzo. chizvidavirire nzira wakananga, zvichienderana musimboti yokuparadzana. Maererano naye, pamukova boka, ari wiring achiumbwa pachishandiswa vakanyorwa dzakavamba magwaro. Zvinoratidza kwaita zvavakanga vachida kuita yoga pfuma.

The Zvinoumba zvokunyama

Mune Kuongororwa mabasa, kugadzirira nezvembiri inorangarira mhando dzose pfuma makambani. Izvi zvinosanganisira sezvishandiso ane utano okuti, uye chisingaoneki zvinhu. Vapedzisira Somuenzaniso, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakadai zvinhu zvakarurama kana migumisiro basa zvedzidzo, uyewo mabasa kunobva zvavo kushandisa. Izvi zvose yesangano ose vachida. Vari pasi kudzorwa kambani uye vanofanira kuva zvinobatsira.

Zvimwe mari

A repamutemo kusikirwa Implementation nezvevamwe mabasa chinangwa vachiwana mari. Zvichakadai, mamiriro ezvinhu angamuka chero zvebhizimisi kana pachake mari yacho zvebhizimisi hakuna kukwana. Muzviitiko izvi, utariri angasarudza kuti kutora chikwereti. Anofanira kugamuchira mari pasi zvimwe ezvinhu. Pasinei norudzi chikwereti, kambani inofanira kuratidza solvency kwayo. Sezvo imwe nzira kuzosimbisa mabasa vanoumba chero fuma mhando. Somuenzaniso, mari inogona kutorwa nezvokudzivirirwa chaiyo vevaGiriki, midziyo, kuchengetedzeka uye nezvimwewo. Wealth kunogonawo atengeswe. Implementation chepfuma, uyewo chikwereti anofanira rakanyorwawo.

chikwereti Agreement

The chibvumirano anofanira kutaridzwa tichitarisa mari yesangano:

1. Terms uye nzira achitumira mari.
2. Description zvinhu, akapa panguva kushandiswa zvemari.
3. The nzira, maererano izvo zvinofanira vakadzoka mari akatora zvivako kana zvimwe chinhu.
4. Pangozi, anotonga dzekugadzirisa kusawirirana. Muchikamu ichi, kusanganisira, vanofanira ane rairatidza simba majeure.

The chibvumirano inogona akagumisa unilaterally kubatanidzwa. Inosanganisira kwaita chikwereti ndiyo ubatanidzwe mumwe chete ari kutengeserana pashure kusaina chibvumirano. Agreement kunogonawo chaiye. Iye anonzi kuti vakagumisa chete pashure zvikunde mari. The chibvumirano rinotaura zvose pamusoro kushandiswa uye amatura akapa rubatso chinhu.

kuwedzera wekambani

The kuzarurwa mimwe mahofisi, mumiririri mahofisi uye subsidiaries chinhu chakaipa tsika munyika dzichiri makambani. Kana zvidzidzo zviri munharaunda yakakura vakasiyana, ipapo vachava anokonzera kudzingwa mhosva uye mitero kumatunhu ivo dziri. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mitumbi Federal Mutero Service chichange kunyoreswa hapana bazi kana mumiririri muhofisi huru kuhofisi kambani. Iye achava anokonzera mitero yose yoga mapoka.

Property mutero unoparadzanisa kupesana

The nzira, maererano izvo yavaive rinoitwa rokumanikidzirwa kubhadhara kuti bhajeti mahofisi, chimwezve hofisi kana davi, kuchaenderana zvinoverengeka pamusoro. The ukoshi richava:

1. Kuvapo kana kusavapo ayo nepakati papepa pachavo.
2. Pamutemo.
3. Mhando akaunganidza mari nemitero.
4. Kusavapo kana kuvapo rokubhengi.

Property mutero iri deducted yoga inobva nzvimbo huru hofisi uye vakaparadzana pedzimba, kana izvi zviri mashoko ake pachake uye vane unhu, akaratidza mairi. Muripo zvaioneka yesangano, izvo vakanyorwa nechepakati boka, rinowanikwa uye hwakatamisirwa kufanoziva chitsama. Ivo inotumirwa rokuongorora of Federal Mutero Service, umo akasimba ndewe vakanyorwa (vakanyorwa). Patasvika zvinoshandawo yoga mapoka. Nokuti mumwe mumiririri mahofisi / mapazi / mamwe mahofisi dzaona ayo taxable chawo. Zvinonzi kane mutero unodiwa hwakasimbiswa nharaunda, iyo ine yoga kupesana. The akaverenga mari rwunotumirwa remunharaunda bhajeti.

mhedziso

In pamutemo pfungwa sezvo anokonzera nheyo yoga pfuma anoshanda mutemo weRoma. Maererano nemitemo yayo, kambani pakutanga kuumbwa sezvo kudyidzana. In pfuma yavo uye munataisireva havana vakasiyana. Zvisinei, Zvadaro, zvinhu zvakachinja. In European mutemo wehurumende sezvo hwaro nheyo yoga pfuma waitsigira "Pfungwa kutevedzera." Zvakange pfungwa kuMiddle Ages, Pope Innocent IV. Zvadaro, mumwe nzira kuna nokududza musimboti esangano uye zviri musimboti yokuparadzana pfuma yaro. With kwemitemo pamusoro nguva ichishanduka uye zvinoenderana aivapo imwe nhoroondo Danho ezvinhu. Somugumisiro, mitemo kuitika anoratidza kiyi zviri yezvokutengeserana sangano, vanozivikanwa somunhu chokutanga ndicho voga dzaro zvinhu. Iye kushanda chinodiwa kuti kusikwa emakambani, kutambira murairo. The boka, ine zvokunyama, tindopinda wazvipira. Zvikasadaro, vasina pfuma, sangano havazokwanisi kusimbisa kwaniso yavo yekubhadhara, kutungamirira hwandaiva zvoupfumi basa uye buritsa achida mubereko. Mutemo unoparadzanisa zvakajeka zvokunyama zviri zvebhizimisi kubva zvivako vaiva nenhengo dzaro (havaoni). Saizvozvowo, kusiyaniswa uye basa nokuda kwechikwereti.