Sezvo Vatendi vakabhabhatidzwa - zvigunwe zviviri kana zvitatu?

Tisati tatanga kutaura nezvekuti Old Vatendi vanobhabhatidzwa, unofanira kugara ndivanaani uye chii basa ravo kukura Russian Orthodoxy. Njodzi sangano rechitendero rinonzi Old Vatendi, kana vatendi akwegura, ava chinokosha munhoroondo Russian uye azere mumutambo uye mienzaniso ukuru pakunamata.

The nadzurudzo ndokuparadzanisa Russian Orthodoxy

Old Vatendi, sezvinoita vamwe chechi wokuRussia, mavambo nhoroondo yawo gore apo pamahombekombe Dnieper, zvimwe chiedza kwokutenda kwechiKristu, nevaye Rus Prince Gogita. Kamwe pazuva vadanana, zviyo Orthodoxy akapa muchero zhinji. Kusvikira mashanu XVII remakore kudavira nyika yakanga yakabatana, uye chipi schism yechitendero yakanga isina.

Pakutanga chechi huru yenyonganyonga kwaiva kuchinja zvinhu Patriarch Nikon vatanga muna 1653. Inoitwa kuunza Russian minamato chinzvimbo maererano avo vakagamuchirwa MuchiGiriki uye Kereke Constantinople.

Zvikonzero chechi kuchinja

ChiKristu, sezvo tichiziva, yasvika kwatiri vachibva Byzantium, uye mumakore okutanga pashure dzekubhabhatidzwa Rus ' basa muKereke kunoitika sezvaakandiudza rakaitirwa muna Constantinople, asi pashure zvinopfuura matanhatu emakore, zvinokosha kuchinja zvakaitwa nayo.

Uyezve, sezvo panguva dzakawanda iyi, bhuku-kudhinda kwakanga asipo, uye mabhuku minamato akanga akakopwa noruoko, havasi chete akanyahwaira chinokosha nhamba zvikanganiso, asi kukanganisa zvinoreva zvinoverengeka dzakataurwa naJesu. Kugadzirisa dambudziko, Patriarch Nikon akatora nyore uye sevasina vachivimbisa matambudziko sarudzo.

nevavariro Good tateguru

Akarayira kuti kutora mimwe tanga mabhuku, akauya kubva Byzantium, uye nokuita kuti kuzodzosera shanduro, kutevedzera nzira rokudhinda. Kwekutanga magwaro akarayira kuti abve wechiGeorgian. Uyewo, Patriarch Nikon wakatangwa nechiGiriki manyorerwo troeperstie - achiwedzera pamwe minwe matatu panguva richivafukidza muchinjikwa.

Izvi chisingakuvadzi uye anonzwisisa mhinduro aita, akaita Zvisinei, maitiro akafanana kuputika, uye kugadzirwa maererano nawo, ari Ecclesiastical kuchinja kwaiva mhaka paradzanisa. Somugumisiro, chinokosha mugove chavagari asina kugamuchirwa zvakagadzirwa izvi, kwabva muchechi pamutemo, rinozivikanwa Nikonian (akamiririra Patriarch Nikon), uye kubva kwakasimbiswa sangano rechitendero pamwero mukuru, ane vateveri dzainzi schismatics.

The paradzanisa, izvo zvakaita kubva kuchinja

Sapakutanga, mune pre-kuchinja mazuva vatendi akare vakabhabhatidzwa nezvigunwe zviviri uye vakaramba vanoziva itsva mabhuku echechi, uyewo vapristi, vakanga vachiedza kuita kuti kunamata. Ndakamira zvinopesana Ecclesiastical uye zviremera zvehurumende, vakanga kwenguva refu pasi kutambudzwa zvikuru razvo nguva. Izvi zvakatanga panguva Local Council muna 1656.

Kunyange Soviet nguva, zvichiteverwa kwokupedzisira zvigadziriswe Roc nzvimbo pamusoro Old Vatendi, izvo hwakasimbiswa nokuda akakodzera apamutemo. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kwakatungamirira resumption pakati Chidyo, kuti kunyengetera chirairo pakati Local Orthodox Churches uye Old Vatendi. Rokupedzisira nanhasi funga chete pachavo sezvo vatakuri nokutenda kwechokwadi.

How minwe zhinji vanobhabhatidzwa Vatendi?

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti akafuridzirwa nokusawirirana nekereke mukuru kumbova vaipikisa, uye kupesana nguva kunoitika kunhivi tsika divi kunamata chete. Somuenzaniso, chimwe chakafanana muchinjikwa Vatendi, pane zvokuwedzera maviri matatu minwe, nguva dzose inova chikonzero mhosva pamusoro pavo, asi havana kunyunyuta pamusoro kududzirwa Rugwaro Mutsvene, kana huru zvokudya Kutenda Orthodox haana.

Sezvineiwo, murayiro kusanganiswa minwe kuti chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa uye Old Vatendi, uye vatsigiri kereke pamutemo rine zvimwe zviratidzo. Old Vatendi vanobhabhatidzwa neminwe miviri - indekisi uye pakati, inomiririra kuti masikirwo maviri Jesu Kristu - naMwari uye nevanhu. The yasara minwe matatu panguva imwe chete ramba aimanikidzwa muchanza ruoko rwako. Ndivo mufananidzo Blessed Trinity.

A wakajeka mufananidzo kuti Old Vatendi vanobhabhatidzwa, inogona yakakurumbira kupenda kubudikidza Vasiliya Ivanovicha Surikova "Boyar Morozova". It uvozimaya kuutapwa kunyadziswa kufuridzirwa Moscow Old Vakatendeka sangano Akabvisa kudenga akaisa pamwechete minwe miviri - chiratidzo kupesana uye kushorwa kuchinja Patriarch Nikon.

Kana vavengi vavo, vatsigiri Roc, akabva aendeswa navo maererano Nikon kuti pave nokunamata kwakachena, uye rinoshandiswa nhasi kuwedzera nomunwe anewo nezvaanoreva zvokufananidzira. Nikoniantsy akabhabhatidzwa neminwe matatu - thumbs, indekisi uye pakati akapeta vaipisa (schismatics navo nokuti achifinyamisa kunzi "schepotnikami"). Izvi minwe matatu uyewo kumiririra Mutsvene Utatu, uye hunyambiri hunhu Jesu Kristu anoratidzwa mune ichi nyaya aimanikidzwa yemichindwe rin'i nomunwe uye munwe shoma.

Kwokufananidzira huri chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa

Special zvinoreva schismatics nguva dzose kurerekera uye sei vakanga vakashandisa chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa. ruoko nhungamiro kufamba kubva kwavari zvakafanana nezvakaitwa Orthodox zvose, asi tsanangudzo rwake chairwo. Old Vatendi muyambuke minwe yako, achivaisa pakutanga pahuma yake. Nenzira iyi yokuratidza ndiro rine chokwadi Mwari, unova kutanga Humwari.

Uyezve, kuisa zvigunwe yake dumbu rake, saka ivo anoratidza kuti mudumbu Mhandara Yakakomborerwa akanga aberekwa akakwana Jesu Kristu, Mwanakomana waMwari. Ipapo vasimudza ruoko rwake rorudyi, anoratidza kuti muumambo hwaMwari, akagara pasi kuruoko rworudyi - ndiro kodzero raBaba. Pakupedzisira, sangano ruoko kuti pafudzi kuruboshwe anoyeuka kuti vatadzi panguva Kwekupedzisira, kugehena, zvichava takatondeswa kurarama oshuyuyu (kuruboshwe) kubva Mutongi.

Sei Vatendi vakabhabhatidzwa nezvigunwe zviviri?

Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu angava yekare, midzi munguva dzevaapostora, uye ipapo nevamwe rechiGiriki tsika minwe miviri chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa. Akauya kuna Russia pamwe naye rubhabhatidzo. Vaongorori vane uchapupu hwokuti panguva XI-XII emakore. zvimwe chimiro chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa iri necheSalvic nyika yakanga isina nyore, uye vose vakabhabhatidzwa sezvazvakanyorwa zvaitwa nhasi, kuti Old Vatendi.

Mufananidzo uyu inogona rinozivikanwa kuvake "Kristu Pantocrator" rakanyorwa Andrei Rublev muna 1408 nokuti iconostasis of kubvuma Cathedral iri Vladimir. Unoratidza Iisus Hristos agere pachigaro choushe uye vozdevshim rworudyi minwe maviri kukomborera. Characteristically, zviri zviviri, kwete vatatu minwe akapeta Musiki hwenyika wevaFiripi zvitsvene ichi.

Mhaka kutambudzwa Old Vatendi vechokwadi

Vazhinji dzekare chiwanzo chokudavira kuti chikonzero chaicho kuti kutambudzwa haana tsika zvinhu zvemashiripiti Old Vatendi. Akabhabhatidzwa zviviri kana zvitatu minwe nevateveri rwokufamba ichi - pfungwa, kwete richikosha. chikuru mhosva yavo yakanga kuti vanhu ava akamboda kuenda pachena pamusoro youmambo kuda, saka pakusika muenzaniso ngozi yeramangwana.

Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro vachinetsana mukuru wehurumende simba, sezvo mitemo iyoyo chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich akatsigira Nikon kuti pave nokunamata kwakachena, uye ayo kuramba chavagari raigona sechinoitika kumukira uye nokutuka akuvadzwa paari pachake. Asi vatungamiri Russian kumbobvira akavakanganwira.

Old Vatendi nhasi

Achipedzisa kukurukurirana pamusoro sei Old Vatendi vanobhabhatidzwa uye akabva Kutama ichi chichava kwete nzvimbo kutaura kuti nhasi, nharaunda dzavo dziri munyika dzinenge dzose dzakabudirira kuti Europe, North neSouth America uyewo muAustralia. Muna Russian Old Vakatendeka Church ine masangano akawanda, remasangano uko rakaumbwa muna 1848 Belokrinitskaya akanyatsorongwa kumiririrwa nzira vari kunze. In dzayo pamisara kunoita pamwe kupfuura miriyoni vanamati uye ane zvechigarire ayo nzvimbo muMoscow uye muguta Braila Romanian.

Chechipiri pakukura sangano Old Vatendi vaiona Pomorian Old-Orthodox Church, izvo zvinosanganisira anenge mazana maviri pamutemo munharaunda uye nhamba vasiri pamutemo. ekufambisa uye Advisory muviri wayo nechepakati riri kubva 2002 muMoscow, Russian Council of WPS.