Siberian Lemming: tsananguro, kubereka, kudya

Lemmings - ndivo nemakonzo duku kuti kurarama mudondo uye achinaya mvura kuNorth America uye Eurasia. Kune mhando dzakawanda mhuka idzi. Saka, kuSiberia lemming chinowanzoitwa Kamchatka uye Arctic zvitsuwa peArctic achinaya mvura zhinji.

Munyaya ino, tinodzidza zvakawanda pamusoro mhuka idzi: chii vanodya, sei kutarisa, kurarama uye erudzi.

waridza

lemming Izvi anogara achinaya mvura pamusoro Eurasia, pakati penzizi of Northern Dvina uye Onega River kunzvimbo dzakaderera kunosvika kuna Kolyma River. Uyewo anogara chitsuwa akadai White, Vaigach, Novosibirsk, Wrangel. Zvikurukuru, kumaodzanyemba muganhu siyana rinobatana nechekuchamhembe mudondo-achinaya mvura. Isolated vakaparadzana vanhu kuchengetwa machakwi taiga Kolyma nokumapani.

kwavanogara kushanduka

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti huru siyana akacherekedza kuderera kukura zvichienderana mirayiridzo. Saka, lemming pamusoro achinaya mvura iri kumadokero anogara ari kunodzikira kupfuura kumabvazuva negwara. Panguva shava-ocher ruvara yakatsiva dema pasi, kuripa pamatama, hudyu uchingodzikira mutumbi, saka kupera rima dorsal mutsetse. Winter coloring anoshandura bvudzi uye Chinojeka. In mhuka Siberian Islands zviri anenge akachena chena. Uyewo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chitsuwa anoumba munhu yakakura yakaoma.

chitarisiko

Lemming - mhuka iri rodent pfupi-diki: muviri kureba - 18 cm uye muswe - kusvika 17 mm. Zvasvikira huremu 130 d ukuwo kwakanyanya vechirume vakadzi ne 10%,. The vakawanda mataurire mhuka - rwepepuru-yellow duku admixture pakati brownish uye ndachena musoro zvenzwi. Pamusoro akatevedzana yepamhino kuti muswe chaizvoizvo ari mutete mutema zviuno. Boca pamatama uye rakajeka ora tinge; hapana whitish dumbu, nguva nenguva chete kubatwa yellow. Munzvimbo nzeve uye maziso rima diffuse zvisungo.

On nebemhe matema gwapa runozivisa mhuka pamwe vanenge. Wrangel uye New Siberian Islands. Winter makushe nokuda kwenhamo uye kupenya zhizha nguva kushanda chena, dzakaonda ubvise iri kuseri chiedza shava mumvuri. Mainland subspecies zvishoma duku Continental; zvishoma nezvishoma kunyangarika wonamatidza uye zvinoderedza kukura iri kuchengetwa nenzira easterly divi. Diploid nhamba okutodza - zvidimbu 50.

kubereka

Siberian lemming iwane chaizvo. Saka, munhukadzi anoteya kubva 3 kusvika 5 pups 6 pagore. Nguva nenguva, ivo dzinoberekera chete vazhinji. Muchiitiko ichi pane kuperevedza kwezvokudya, pashure idzo mhuka kuita vakawanda Resettlement, apo kufamba yakarurama mutsetse, semhashu, unopedza zvose uye kuti vanogona kutsenga mberi.

The chikafu pamusoro lemmings?

Ivo kunyanya kudya sedges, dzimwe nguva mapazi nemiti. Kudya uyewo nguva michero, tumbuyu kutsenga nyanga, mhuka kare kuraswa. Kana iwe edza chii kudya lemmings muchando, zvinokosha kuziva kuti dzimwe nguva kutsenga lichen uye Moss rangano vanenge mita nehafu. Kana chando iri nekuumbanidzwa, kazhinji kuuya pamusoro.

Mararamiro

At yakamanikana-skulled vole uye ungulates lemmings ndicho mhando rodent achinaya mvura. The guru nhamba inosvika polygonal, uye tussock achinaya mvura bani chete zvakanaka-dzakabudirira petsanga-Moss. Lemming unowanikwa, pikicha iyo chinopiwa munyaya ino, iri mumipata ine makungwa nenzizi pasi mugomo uye foothill petsanga-shrub achinaya mvura kuti machakwi nzvimbo. Chinopinda kuburikidza anezvimiti musango wongoramba.

The prerequisites nokuti dzinogarisana hwemhuka ndiyo Kuwanikwa zvokudya uye zvakakunakira nzvimbo yokuvaka burrows that (peat uye tsvina pazvikomo, sphagnum chikwindi uye nezvifukidzo). The polygonal achinaya mvura (a microrelief muchimiro polygons huru, izvo yakakamurwa chando makatsemuka) Lemming (Photo mhuka dzinogona kuwanikwa munyaya ino) vari kurarama nzvimbo dzakatsemuka peat layer apo kushandisa nokuti kutsanya kufamba.

A maitiro kuchiitwa mhuka mhenyu iri kugara huru chikamu gore pasi chando. In yechando vari kurerekera munzvimbo dzakasiyana nesinou inofukidza 0.5-1 M: pandima nzizi, achinaya mvura yakaoma madhamu uye marshlands. Kugadzira inofamba pasi chando, idenderedzwa pakuvaka matendere zvakasiyana chirimwa mamvemve uye kuchera chando yomukati. In yechando, kuSiberia lemming inogarwa hakunakidzi.

Panguva utsotso chando mvura akadurura nevanhu nemhuka, uye vari kutamira kune thawed, pashure pfungwa muzhizha dzinogarisana. Ipapo kwakadzikira duku kuchera nyore burrows that. Ivo maivawo siyana dzinongoitika matumba. Pamusoro tichigadzira inofamba ichienda zvokudya nhandare. In vakadzi vakura vari chando-isina nguva chaizvo akaratidza territoriality; hwanana uye vechirume vakura vachidzungaira nomunharaunda zvikuru randomly, kumbomira mu siyana mumatumba.

simba

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhamba mhuka-siyana zvikuru, dzimwe nguva vari zvisingaiti kusangana nguva nenguva (ose 5 years) mhuka sa kwose kwose, havatyi murume, ane nani zvechisimba. Mumakore aya, kunowedzera chete akakwirira uwandu kweArctic lemming, nhamba bhangi voles - musango.

Siberian lemming panguva ino ichizadza gomo pamipata nemisha, dzimwe nguva kuedza kushambira mhiri bays uye nzizi uye hombe achifa. Apo vazhinji ayo mapoka nemakonzo havana kugadzirisa uye mumwe anogona kuva nehasha. Kana kutama uku anogona kutarisa vakarongwa kufamba, kunyange zvazvo imwe neimwe lemming uchifamba pachako, uye zvimwewo nezvipingamupinyi chete dzimwe nguva vanomanikidzwa kuuya pamwe chete.