Tenge ndiyo mari yekutonga Kazakhstan

Tenge ndiyo mari yenyika yeKazakhstan, iyo yave iri munharaunda ye republic kubva muna 1993. Panyaya dzakawanda dzebhengi rekuratidzira, bhizinesi renyika yepasi pose rakagamuchira zvikomborero zvekugadzirwa kwakanakisisa uye chirongwa chekuchengetedza tenge. Izvo zvinotyisa ndezvokuti, pamusorosoro wepamusoro wekuchengetedza, mari, maererano nemigumisiro yegore ra2015, inonzi inonyanya kudhura muEurope.

Prehistory

Iro zita rokuti "tenge" mari yakagamuchirwa kutanga kweMiddle Ages, apo mari, inonzi "tanga", yakashandiswa munharaunda yeKazakhstan neCentral Asia . Gare gare, vanhu veEastern Europe vane shoko rokuti "mari", uyewo mari. Uye nanhasi izwi rose rinonzwisisika rokuti "mari" harina kuchinja kukosha kwaro.

Nhoroondo yekusikwa kwemari yenyika yeKazakhstan inotanga muna 1990. Panguva iyoyo muRepublic pane maiva ne ruble yeSoviet Union. Kuti urongwa hwemari hurumende huve hwakazvimiririra zvikuru kubva kuMoscow, Mutungamiri Nursultan Nazarbayev, pamwe neSupreme Council yeKazSSR, vakasika mutemo unotarisira bhenji yose yenyika.

Izvi zvakaitika munaDecember 1990. Kubvira panguva iyoyo kuchinja kuhutano hwehukama nehupfumi hwakarongwa hweU.SR hwakanga huripo . Mabhengi ose akaparadzaniswa kuva mapoka maviri: yekutanga yaiva bazi reKazakhstan yeHurumende Bank yeU.SR, kusvika kumazinga maviri - mabhengi akawanda emabhizimisi, achitungamirira sarudzo yega. Zvisinei, pane chimwe chinhu asi. Nyika yacho yakanga isina mari yayo, saka zvimwe zvisingakwanisi kuitwa muhurukuro yezviito zvemari yeKazakhstan yakanga ichiripo. Kutenderera kwaiva paRuble uye State Bank yeU.SR.

New project

Mumamiriro akadaro, N. Nazarbayev anorayirwa kutanga kutanga kugadzirira. Mari yacho yaifanira kutora ruble. Imwe mitemo yehurumende yemari yenyika yakasimbiswa, yakatungamirirwa naS. S. Tereshchenko, uyo aimbova mutungamiriri wehurumende. Zvinyorwa zvose zvaitungamirirwa naD. Sembayev neboka rake. Kudzora kwezuva nezuva pamusoro pezvose zvaiitika zvaiitwa pachavo nemutungamiri wenyika.

Vagadziri vakabvunzwa kuti varambe vachitsvaga pamusoro pehuwandu hwehupenyu hwevanhu uye zvigumbuso zvekuvakwa. Yakave yakarongedzerwa kuratidza Nazarbayev pane imwe yemabhadhati, kwaakagamuchira nekutamba kwechikwata.

Bhuku rekushanda rakadzidza huwandu hwehuwandu hwekuzivisa zviitiko zvose zvekuiswa kwemari yenyika munyika dzakawanda dzenyika, kusanganisira munyika dzeCIS. Izvo zvikamu zvose zvekugadzirisa zvakagadzirirwa, zvichifukidza nzvimbo dzezvematongerwe enyika, hupfumi uye mari. Bhuku reNational Bank rakagadzira zvinyorwa gumi nematanhatu zvichitevera kuchinja kwehutano. Yakanga iri nzira yakaoma chaizvo, iyo yaida hutungamiri hwenyika kuti huve nehanya zvikuru nehutano hwepfungwa.

Historical moment

Basa rokugadzirira rakapedzwa muzhizha ra1993. Print banknotes yakasarudza kubudisa mu UK. "Harrison nevanakomana" - kambani yakapedzisa urongwa uhwu. Basa rose rakaitwa mumamiriro ezvinhu epachivande. 4I-86 ndege dzakaita mapurisa 18 kuenda uye kubva kuEngland. Maererano nemagwaro ose, ruzivo rwakagamuchirwa kuti ndege dzaive nemichina yekuvaka. Mari yakaiswa muGermany. Panharaunda yeKazakhstan, bunkers pasi pevhu rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza mari itsva.

Mumazuva ekutaura kwekutora kuvanhu pachavo vakataurira mutungamiri weKazakhstan. Kuchinjana kwekare mabhesi mukutengesa kwakatanga musi waNovember 15, 1993 pa8: 00, zvakaguma musi waNovember 20 wegore iroro panguva ye20: 00. Kwemazuva matanhatu, mabhiriyoni anopfuura 950 mabhiriyoni akadzingwa kubva mumashambapiti. Shanduro yekutengesa (ruble kusvika tenge) yaiva 500: 1.

Nokudaro, musi waNovember 15, 1993 pakave nechiitiko chakaitika: iyo tenge yakaiswa - iyo mari yekuzvimiririra Kazakhstan.

Tenge: kufungisisa kwenhoroondo

Mabhizinesi nemasangano e1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, tenge akaiswa muhuwandu. Mukuwedzera, 1 tenge yakanga yakaenzana ne100 tiyns, saka inoparadzirwa kwekanguva kwaiva netiyns.

Sezvakatarisirwa, pamabhanki ekutanga zvakashata zvakaratidza unhu hwemamiriro ezvinhu hunopesana nemamiriro ezvinhu ezvisikwa, pamashure maro, zvivako zvemapuranga nezvimwe zvezvisikwa zvakaratidzwa. Pakutanga, sangano guru raiva 500 tenge. Mabhizinesi anokwana 1 000 tenge akaiswa muparidzi muna 1995, 2000 - muna 1996, uye 5000 - muna 1998. Anomiririra hukama hwakadai seSv. Valikhanov, S. Aronuly, Kurmangazy, A. Kunanbaev, Al Farabi, Khans Abylai naAbulkhair.

Degrees of protection

Tenge ndiyo mari yeKazakhstan, iyo ine imwe yezvigadzirwa zvakanyanya zvemadhigiri edziviriro munyika. Pamwe chete, pane 17. Vamwe vave vachishandiswa kwenguva yekutanga mumitambo yenyika, semuenzaniso, chinhu chekupikisa, kubudisa kudhinda, goridhe intaglio, nezvimwewo. Izvi zvakatungamirira kukuti mari zhinji dzezvakagadzirwa uye dzichiri kusimukira dzakatora mutsika weKazakhstan. Chii chinonzi tenge, iyo mari yayo ndeye - vakawanda vakadzidza.

Kubva munhoroondo yekutsvaga

Mari yose yenyika inowedzera kuderedza, iyo tenge haisi yega. Panguva yegore rokutanga rekuvapo kwayo, kutengesa kwenyika kwaiva 1158%, gore rakatevera - 60%. Nhamba shomanana yehuwandu hwezvinyorwa yakanyorwa muna 1998 uye yakaenzana ne2%.

Mukurwisana nematambudziko ekudonha kwemafuta emafuta, mari yakawanda yekutengesera nyika yakatanga kushandiswa. Tenge iyo yakabata seyeimwe mari. Muna 2015, kutora kwaionekwa semari yakawandisa zvikuru muEurope. Kuenzanisira: pakutanga kwezhizha 2015 1 USD inodhura musvondo we 150 tenge, uye pakuguma kwezhizha kana kutanga kwekuvhura kwegore rimwe chete yakanga yava kare 190. Pakutanga kwa2016 mukana wacho waiva 380-390 tenge pa1 dollar.

Nokudaro, nhoroondo yemakore ekumazana okuti "tanga", "tenga", "danga" yakatamirwa kunyika yemazuva ano, iyo inoramba ichitsvaga - iyo mari yazvino yeKazakhstan.