The anokwereta - iri ... Kudzivirira anokwereta. Anokwereta - Definition

Kushanda mari ichaita munyika hazvibviri pasina chinokosha mashandiro sezvo anomukweretesa. Credit - noukama ane upfumi hunhu yomuka pakati mari kutengeserana vaanotonga, ndiko kupa chikwereti (chikwereti) ukoshi kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinangwa, pasi kuzopiwawo ayo, muripo, uye kukura.

chikwereti hurongwa

Chinangwa mbiri hurongwa ndiko kuunganidza mari iripo kupa navo shoma kushandiswa kuti muripo. Gadziriro iri zvokutenga pamahombekombe mamiriro. chikuru basa rayo riri magadzirirwe zvikwereti uye deposits uye deposits. Kuwedzera zvebhizimisi mabhanga, vechikamu inokosha chikwereti ino ndiwo: Central Bank, kushandiswa chikwereti uye zvemari masangano. nyika Most vane mashanu kana mana-pamwero chikwereti hurongwa: wokutanga chechetere - Central Bank, pazuva rechipiri - akasiyana-siyana mabhanga (mari, mari, chikwereti, zvokutengeserana). At wechitatu chechetere - asiri kubhengi chikwereti uye masangano zvemari. Chinosimbisa wechina vanochiva izvo zvinosanganisira inishuwarenzi uye mudyandigere mari, chikwereti mibatanidzwa nevamwe. kushanda wegadziriro inopiwa nesungano pakati vechikamu kuti chikwereti ukama.

The vanotongwa chikwereti ukama

The vanotongwa ukama ndivo akakweretesa uye anokwereta. Relations pakati pavo takatsunga nechido kuva anokwereta mari rive rayo pamberi, uye zvakakoshesa, kuti goho wechikwereti. Saka, munhu akakweretesa - ndiwo Bato anopa chikwereti (chikwereti / chikwereti). The anokwereta - ndiro bato anowana mbiri (chikwereti / chikwereti) uye anotora mutoro mudzorere chikwereti mari nenzira yakakodzera nenzira.

Mumwe chete munhu ari gadziriro zvemari uye zvikwereti ukama vanogona panguva ave mukweretesi uye somunhu anokwereta. Zvaraireva hazvisi zvokuti Somuenzaniso, munhu, zvichiita panze chikwereti kubhengi mabasa sezvo mukwereti, muchiitiko ichi, kubhangi - somunhu abhadhara. Panguva iyoyowo, pamberi dhipoziti kubhengi anochinja vechikamu kunzvimbo noukama. Uye munhu - akakweretesa uye kubhengi ndiye anokwereta.

The chinhu chikwereti ukama

The chikuru chezvinonhuwira ukama pakati anokwereta uye akakweretesa ane hutachiwana chinhu. Chinhu kuchinjirwa chikwereti ukama - wamakapa, kana inonzi hadzisi kuzadzika, mutengo. Nemamwe mashoko, mukweretesi ane mari iripo, akanga akagadzirisa uye akamira wayo kufamba. Nemhaka chikwereti, zvinokwanisika kuti atange kutenderera itsva kuramba kuparadzirwa uye mari yakananga kupinda wechiGeorgian. Zviri zvakakwana kupa chikwereti kuna anokwereta pasi zvimwe ezvinhu. Kubva nemaonero ichi, mukwereti - munhu, kuburikidza nokugamuchira uye turnover pamusoro inopfupikisa mberi anorega haana kwaizombomiswa redunhu Finance. Izvi pakupedzisira Inowedzera kuti kubereka kwacho. It kufambira mberi unhu zvikwereti chinhu chinokosha zvikwereti zvemari ukama.

Mumwe chinokosha zvimiso kushanda chikwereti Zvivako zviri repayable uye pakuchengetedza kodzero chikwereti varidzi nzira kuti anopiwa kushandiswa mukwereti. Chimwe chinoratidza kuti mutsividzo ndiko anokwereta wacho creditworthiness.

The chinokosha pamusoro chikwereti - ndichengetedze ukoshi hwayo

Nokupa nzira kushandisa akakweretesa, zvakakosha kanenge kuichengeta uye sei kuti vawedzere kufadza. Kuzadzika aya ezvinhu chikwereti unhu inokosha.

Chokwadi, hazvina nguva zvichiita kuti pave kwazvo. The chikuru Ngozi vechikamu zvikwereti zvemari ukama, muri inflationary kwendangariro. Mugumisiro nokupararira hova mari kuparadzirwa ndiyo pachisara mari uye, sezvo zvakaguma rutapudzo waro rokutenga simba. The anokwereta - munhu anotora mutoro kubhadhara chikwereti. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu ose mitengo kudzoka mari, apo tiine chezita kukura, chaizvoizvo nechekare utsenonnuyu chimiro. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe njodzi zhinji, pamusoro panowanikwa iro atora chikwereti chacho haisi kukwanisa kubhadhara nayo maererano nezvaiva anomukweretesa. Uye haisi nguva dzose mhosva chete pamusoro nechikwereti. Kazhinji kutyora zvavaida kodzero kunotungamirira nenjodzi yakadaro.

Kudzivirira pamutemo zvido anokwereta

Pakutanga, chikwereti-anokwereta - ndiyo kurukutika kubva pamutemo nemaonero veboka. Financial Masangano kuderedza mutengi nezvainoita zviri mbiri chibvumirano, nokudaro vakaomerwa kukwanisa rayo kupesvedzera Pakuurayiwa chikwereti uye nokuripira. Izvi Hunoita kuti asaine chibvumirano, kuti vazhinji zvakanaka kune chikwereti, asi nenguva iyo, kanganisa kodzero mukwereti. The kupfuura kakawanda kutyorwa kodzero munhu akatora chikwereti:

• kukarukureta of interest pamusoro chikwereti zvose muviri chikwereti (pane pakuenzanisa chikwereti);
• accrual chikwereti yechikoro;
• ari accrual pakati marangirwo usingabereki kunowirirana kukura chikwereti chikuru;
• wenharaunda yaitongwa ari miganhu nharo pamusoro anomukweretesa kubhengi;
• anokwereta inishuwarenzi sezvo mamiriro nokuda chikwereti;
• zviri kuwanikwa muzvinyorwa chibvumirano kuti kukweretesa Pakuurayiwa tinyatsonzwisisa mazai tiine chikwereti nhoroondo uye chikwereti nyaya.

Federal Law "On nevatengi chikwereti (zvikwereti)"

On July 1, 2014 muna Russian Federation, Mutemo № 353-FL. Vavariro yake - kuti normalize ukama, izvo kuchimuka nourongwa mutengi chikwereti (zvikwereti) kune mumwe, kana chikwereti iri rakapa kwete zvebhizimisi zvinangwa.

Chinangwa chikuru mutemo - kuisa kuitira mutengi chikwereti pamusika uye kudzivirira anokwereta. Zvinosuruvarisa kusvikira ichangopfuura, kunyange kugadzikana mabhanga dzakakwirira mukurumbira akabvumira pachavo kushandisa repamutemo kusadzidza vatengi. Nezvezvaiitwawo mutemo unodzivirira nokuda anokwereta mutemo inodzora zvakajeka pfungwa dzinotevera:

• Standardization siyana nechikwereti chibvumirano;
• zviri zvinhu zvakaita kukura marangirwo dzakava mune chiitiko vachangobva mubhadharo pamusoro chikwereti;
• Kurambidzwa pamusoro Retail anomukweretesa prices;
• kujekeswa kuti nomazviri pakuverenga chinobudirira chimbadzo;
• vachisimbisa kudzoreka pamusoro basa zvitsva zvokukweretesa nemasangano;
• Regulation pachikamu mabasa.

Mamiriyoni evanhu vanogara chikwereti

Maererano nokuongorora, kubva 60 kusvika 90% yokushanda vagari vane zvikwereti hunoshamisa. Panguva imwe chete zvinobatsira zvikwereti iri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma. Vagari vari daze kugumisa mbiri chibvumirano. Uye mabhanga, shoma pakuongorora creditworthiness ari anokwereta, vanoda kupa zvikwereti. Dzimwe nguva nokuti imi muri zvakakwana kuratidza pasipoti. Maiva muna zvakanaka uye affordability kwakadaro nhema "bhomba 'kuti anogona yakarova zvose akakweretesa uye nokuda anokwereta. Kana chikwereti wacho ndiye asingakwanisi kubhadhara chikwereti, ipapo idambudziko kwete chete nokuti iye asiwo akakweretesa kubhadhara chikwereti. Zvakakosha kuti nekururama rokuongorora njodzi uye padanho basa uye kuronga chikwereti chete 100% nechivimbo kwayo kukura.