The chikuru chinhu pamusoro spreadsheet ndiko ... The zvinokosha ane Excel spreadsheet

Ose ano PC User, kamwe atarisana Microsoft Office purogiramu, ndiye nhasi chimwe chezvinhu zvakafanana, anoziva kuti mutemo unoti chipo MS Excel kushanda. Zvino isu kutarira inokosha pfungwa Spreadsheets. Munzira, achapiwa pfupiso huru pezvokuvamba nemamiriro table uye data, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvavo.

Chii chinonzi Excel spreadsheet?

The kutaurwa Excel rokutanga, anotaura 1987, apo Microsoft akasunungura ayo yakakurumbira hofisi Suite purogiramu uye mafomu, pasi mukuru wenyaya MS Office.

Kutaura zvazviri, Excel spreadsheet ndiyo zvakasikwa pachishandiswa kwemasvomhu date kubudiswa marudzi ose uye siyana yakaoma. Izvi zvinosanganisira masvomhu uye nemasvomhu uye geometry, uye trigonometry, uye basa pamwe matrices uye akarongeka pachisara uye yokupedza zvikuru kunzwisisa mugadziriro equations, uye zvakawanda. Zvinhu zvose zvinoreva kuti sayenzi chaiyo kuronga dzaitaurwa chirongwa. Spreadsheet mabasa vakadaro kuti vanoshandisa zhinji havaiti ipapo havazivi pamusoro pavo, ivo havazivi kuti simba software iyi. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Kutanga pamwe Spreadsheets

Panongotanga inodzidzisa anovhura Excel purogiramu, anoona tafura ndimubvise anonzi default template. Chikuru kushanda nharaunda ine mitsara neshongwe, ane mharadzano unoumba foni. Kunzwisisa mashandiro ose mashoko nemifananidzo, chikuru chinhu ari spreadsheet sero, sezvo vari kutarisirwa.

Sero rimwe nerimwe rine vaverengwe kutevedzana zvinosanganisira mutsara uye mbiru mazita Zvisinei, mushanduro dzakasiyana ane chikumbiro zvingasiyana. Somuenzaniso, muna 2003 shanduro ndiyo sero rokutanga, riri pasuo mharadzano ari mbiru «A» uye «1» mutsetse, anotaurwa so «A1». Muna 2010 shanduro, izvi zvakachinja. Pano notation anomiririrwa sezvo kutevedzana kwezviitiko nhamba uye nhamba, asi kurondedzerwa mbiru Napamusara yakasarudzwa sezvo «C», uye mutsetse - as a «R». Vakawanda havanzwisisi chii hwakabatana. Asi zvinhu zvose nyore: «R» - tsamba yokutanga Chirungu rokuti mutsara (musara nhamba), uye «C» - wokutanga shoko tsamba Mbiru (a mbiru).

The date inoshandiswa

Taurai kuti huru chinhu ari spreadsheet sero, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti izvi zvinoreva mazano Data (tsika, chinyorwa, Masvomhu, chadzo ukama, etc.) chete. The Data ari mumasero angava akasiyana format. Cell nemanyorerwo chinja mashandiro anganzi kubva akapoteredza Muterere kana iwe tinya pairi rmb (kurudyi mbeva bhatani).

Data zvinogona anounzwa murugwaro, Numeric, kubva muzana, notation chesayenzi, mari (mari), fractional uye nguva format, uyewo zuva. Uyezve, unogona tsanangurai mamwe parameters mhando grade nzvimbo kana uchishandisa nhamba.

Huru chirongwa hwindo: Structure

Kana kunyatsotarisa panguva huru chikumbiro hwindo, unogona kuona kuti vari Dzvene iri tafura anogona iine kusvika 256 mbiru uye 65.536 misara. Panguva pasi Tab machira vari akaronga. In faira dzavo nhatu itsva, asi zvinokwanisika kuisa uye zvakawanda. Kana taifunga kuti chinokosha ndiko semucheka ane spreadsheet, pfungwa iyi inofanira anonzi zviri pamusoro machira akasiyana dzakasiyana mashoko inogona kushandiswa kana kunyatsovatsanangurira muchinjikwa zvakakodzera Masvomhu kana mabasa.

kwacho vari kupfuura anobatsira paaisika pfupiso matafura, zvinyorwa, kana kunzwisisa computational gadziriro. Tinofanira zvakare kutaura kuti kuvapo ari machira akasiyana chokuita date mugumisiro vachinje nemataundi masero uye machira rinowanikwa rwoga pasina kuzodzosera kupinda nzira yemaitiro kana kushanda kuti anotaurawo zvikuru ukama variables uye constants.

Zvayaiva pamusoro vomureza bwendefa ane zvishomanana Muterere, chete nechepazasi fomura kubhawa. Achitaura humboo huri mumasero, zvinogona kunzi huru chinhu ari spreadsheet uye kushingaira maatomu akafanana, sezvo vari mumutsara vakawanda anoratidza chinyorwa kana Numeric Data vakapinda sero kana nzira uye iri dzichipfekeka kuyanzva. In mashoko vakaratidza masero mutsara Masvomhu uye zvakafanana. Zvisinei, nokuti zvinoshanda mutsara pamanyorerwo Data mhando basa kana. It chete kunoreva kuona uye achitaipa.

Zvokuimba Excel Spreadsheets

Panyaya zvokuimba yepurogiramu zvakawanda. Vamwe vavo havana kuziva zvakawanda Nick. Zvisinei, chokwadi, kubata navo vose, zvinokwanisika kuti nokungwarira kuverenga chete bhuku richitungamirira, purogiramu inopa inokosha mukana uye muitiro kushandisa michina.

By nekudzvanya kuruboshwe divi bhatani «add _X» (kana chiratidzo "="), mazita iyo kusarudza kutsvakwa chiito, izvo achaponesa anoishandisa kubva manually kusuma fomura.

Panewo imwe inowanzoshandiswa chokushandisa. Izvi basa AutoSum dzaitaurwa muchimiro mabhatani pamusoro Toolbar. Panowo, haufaniri kupinda nzira yemaitiro. Zvaringana kuita Activate sero Napamusara uye mbiru mushure yasarudzwa chikuva, umo vaifunga kuti kuverenga, uye tinya bhatani. Uye ichi hachisi muenzaniso chete.

Interconnected date machira, mafaira, uye okutarisawo

Panyaya nokupiringidza Links, ipapo chero sero uye jira chinogona kubatanidzwa mashoko kubva akasiyana nzvimbo gwaro, chiso mufananidzo Data paIndaneti zvekuvaka kana executable manyorero. It kunyange unokubvumira kuponesa dhisiki nzvimbo uye kuderedza kukura gwaro yepakutanga. Chokwadi, pamwe chete sei kuti pave linkages vakadaro vanofanira kwazvo kunzwisisa. Asi sezvo vanoti, izvozvo aizoshuva.

Wedzera-dzi, chati nemachati

Maererano dzokuwedzera zvishandiso uye zvinhu MS Excel Spreadsheets zvinopa inodzidzisa pamwe navanopinda sarudzo. Tisingatauri chaizvo kuwedzera-dzi kana executable Java mumanyoro uye Visual Basic, ichanyanya pamusoro pakusika kwakajeka zvinooneka kuona kuti ongororo zvabuda.

Zviri pachena kuti kuwana chimwe chati kana girafu inovakwa pachishandiswa akawandisa nemataundi Data manually, uye ipapo vemabhuku kwakajeka kupinda tafura imwe chete faira kana kurerekera mufananidzo haasi munhu wose, uye kuda.

Ndokusaka kushandiswa otomatiki kusikwa pre-kusarudzwa muchimiro uye mhando. Zviri pachena kuti vari kwakavakirwa dzakananga mashoko munzvimbo. Sezvo nguva kuvaka calculators uye chati zvinogona nharo kuti huru chinhu ari spreadsheet yasarudzwa nzvimbo kana nzvimbo dzinoverengeka pamusoro machira akasiyana kana siyana zvakabatanidzwa mafaira, iyo ichabviswa kubva zvinokosheswa variables uye kubatsirwa computation zvabuda.

shandisa filters

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvingava zvinoda kushandiswa dzinokosha filters yakaiswa imwe kana kupfuura pembiru. In yayo nyore chimiro, zvinobatsira kutsvaka data, wenyaya, kana kukosha kuti mbiru. Kana masanga vose vakawana zvabuda kucharatidzwa yoga.

Kana pane dependencies, pamwe chete mbiru yacho yakasvinwa Data kucharatidza dzimwe tsika iri nedzimwe mbiru uye mitsara. Asi ichi ndicho muenzaniso nyore chaizvo, nokuti mumwe tsika Sefa ane pachake submenu dzaro dzakananga kutsvaka nzira kana chaicho ezvinhu.

mhedziso

Chokwadi, munyaya imwe chete nyaya dzose zviri MS Excel yekombiyuta hazvitomboiti. Kanenge pano unogona kuona izvo zvinhu zviri huru matafura pachishandiswa munhu nyaya imwe neimwe kana mamiriro ezvinhu, uyewo zvishoma kunzwisisa, saka kutaura, pamwe zvinokosha basa rakasiyana chirongwa ichi. Asi nokuda kwayo pahunhu kushanda nesimba. Kazhinji Developers pachavo havasi kuziva chii mwana wavo anogona.