The okunze kuMongolia. Geographical nzvimbo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Mongolia - nyika inoshamisa, zvichiita vashanyi nekuda kwayo yokusiyana uye mavambo. Iri kuCentral Asia, nyika iri bordered ne Russia uye China chete, uye asina nzira yokubudisa kugungwa. Naizvozvo, Mongolia okunze - zvikuru Continental. Uye Ulaanbaatar anonzi kuva coldest guru munyika. Asi Mongolia kachiri pakati vashanyi zvose pamusoro nyika.

tsananguro

Mongolia vachiri kuchengeta tsika dzavo, iye akakwanisa verevedza nhaka yavo tsika kuburikidza emakore. Great Mongol Empire yaiva kwakabatsira munhoroondo yenyika, yakakurumbira mutungamiri Genghis Khan akaberekwa ari munharaunda nyika ino.

Nhasi, rakasiyana nemamwe nzvimbo yepasi kunosanganisira kutanga vanoda uzorore bope mumaguta uye zvatinosiita plesieroorde uye svetuka kupinda rinokosha nyika isina kumbobatwa runako. Nzvimbo yomugariro pamusoro kuMongolia, vanogara, okunze, miti, mhuka - ichi zvose zviri kujairika uye akasiyana. Marefu, isingaperi steppes, denga rebhuruu, nemamwe kasvisto uye fauna of havagoni haikukwezvi vashanyi kuti nyika ino yose munyika.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Mongolia, kusunungurwa uye mamiriro okunze izvo sezvingatarisirwa interconnected, vakabatana mundima dzavo Gobi murenje uye gomo neeSultan dzakadai Gobi uye Mongolian Altai, Khangai. Saka, muna Mongolia mune makomo marefu uye mapani yakakura.

Nyika riri paavhareji kukwira pamusoro 1580 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Mongolia riri muna Central Asia, ari yakapoteredzwa nyika, ane zvakajairika miganhu Russia uye China. Nyika nzvimbo iri 1.566.000 mativi mamita. ? km. Mikuru Nzizi kuyerera muMongolia, izvozvo Selenga, Kerulen, Khalkhin Gol nevamwe. Capital weHurumende - Ulan Bator - ane refu uye dzinonakidza nhoroondo.

VomuSouth

Pari, nyika musha vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 3. Vagari arambe achirema anenge 1,8 vanhu muzana mativi kiromita. m. nharaunda. Vanacho vanoiswa akaparadzirwa guru, vanhu arambe achirema chaizvo, asi kumaodzanyemba munzvimbo uye dzine gwenga inogarwa zvishoma.

The kwemadzinza Kuronga ndimo siyana zvikuru:

• 82% - Mongolian;
• 4% - the Kazakhs;
• 2% - the Buryats nemamwe marudzi.

Pane munyika sezvo Russian uye Chinese. Pakati zvitendero chiBuddha rikunde pano. Uyezve, chikamu chiduku vemo inoomerera Islam, pane vateveri vakawanda chiKristu.

Mongolia: Climate uye mamiriro ayo

Iyi nzvimbo inonzi "nyika rebhuruu," nokuti vakawanda gore riri jeka. Iri dzinodziya vematunhu, Mongolia ane zvakajeka Continental ekunze. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunoratidzwa chimbichimbi kuchinja tembiricha uye shoma kunayisa.

Cold, asi akapotsa hapana chando munguva yechando Mongolia (tembiricha inogona akadonhedza kuna -45˚S) kunotsiviwa patsime yayo gusts mhepo yakasimba, dzimwe nguva vatiitire kusvika dutu uye kudziya uye kwaiva zvezhizha. nyika iyi kazhinji nzvimbo panowanikwa sandstorms.

Kana isu tsanangura okunze enzvimbo kuMongolia zvishoma, zvakakwana kutaura hombe tembiricha zvakasiyana, kunyange mukati rimwe zuva. Pano dzechando noutsinye, kupisa yechirimo ikawanda kuoma dzedenga. The coldest mwedzi - January, asi akanyanya kupisa - June.

Sei ezvinhu akadaro muMongolia

Sudden kuchinja tembiricha, mhepo yakaoma uye zvakawanda jeka mazuva kuti nzvimbo iyi inokosha. Zvinogona akagumisa kuti chii chinokonzera zvakanyanyisa Continental okunze Mongolia:

• chinhambwe kubva pagungwa;
• chipingamupinyi kuti kubvuma nyorovera mhepo kubva penyanza ndivo neeSultan gomo kuti vakombe nharaunda yacho;
• paumbwe mukuru kumanikidzwa akabatana yakaderera tembiricha munguva yechando.

Kwakadaro zvakasiyana unopinza kupisa uye pasi kunonaya kuti ichi kunyanya sarudzo. Familiarization pamwe zvinokonzera zvokuora Continental okunze Mongolia kuchabatsira kunzwisisa zvirinani ukama pakati kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, jogirafi uye dzinotaurwa nyika.

mwaka

Zvakanakisisa kuuya Mongolia kubva May kusvika September. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pane yakawanda emusi mazuva, tembiricha amplitude riri guru kwazvo panguva yegore. Climate Mongolia Monthly maitire chaizvo zvinhu.

• Winter Kazhinji jeka uye kuchitonhora, unogona kuderedza tembiricha kuna -45-50˚S. Kwechando kutanga muna November uye zvakachengetwa kusvikira March. A yakawanda kunayisa iri yakati: snowfalls hadziwanzowaniki. January - the coldest mwedzi yechando, zuva tembiricha vanosiyira pazasi 15 Celsius.
• Spring kunotanga Mongolia pakupera March uye kunotora kusvikira June. Panguva ino, njodzi ingava guruva madutu uye madutu. Sezvineiwo anodziya, paavhareji tembiricha muchirimo ndiyo + 6 ° C.
• Summer tembiricha nguva rinobatana pakarenda Mongolia - anotanga mukupera May kuna September uye kumugumo. Panguva iyi, rikawira kunayisa vashoma zvikuru muchimiro mvura. Avhareji tembiricha kuti - 21 ° pamusoro zero, uye muna July (kupfuura inodziya pamwedzi yegore) anogona kusvika 25˚ C.
• Kuwa muna Mongolia iri kuchinja nguva - netembiricha (kureva + 6˚ C) uye mwando (okunze kunova drier kuvat, kunayisa kunodzikira).

muriwo nyika

Mongolia, mamiriro riri nehasha Continental, rine vapfumi uye kujairika kasvisto. On Ndima yayo pane zvakasiyana-siyana dzakadaro: dzakakwirira, iyo taiga mapazi uye inowanzorimwa, gwenga uye semidesert zvikamu.

In Mongolia, unogona kuona makomo akafukidzwa Deciduous, nemipaini nemifiri uye masango. Mumipata zvavari atsiva pachigaro hardwood (Birch, Aspen, dota) nemiti (honeysuckle, shiri Cherry, erosemary nevamwe). Kazhinji, masango kufukidza vanenge 15% of zvinomera kuMongolia.

Zvinomera kavha steppes pakati Mongolia zvakare siyana chaizvo. Zvinosanganisira zvirimwa zvakadai munhenga uswa, Mubhedha uswa uye nevamwe. On nharaunda iri hunodzorwa Semi-murenje saxaul. Izvi mhando zvinomera anenge 30% of Maruva kuMongolia.

Zvezvisarudzo kwakapararira makwenzi vane omujunipa, celandine, buckthorn.

mhuka nyika

zvimwe zvisingawanzoitiki chaizvo mhando mhuka anomirirwa muMongolia, dzakadai chando ingwe, Przewalski bhiza, mbizi Mongolian, mhuka ngamera, uye vamwe vazhinji (dzinokwana vanenge 130. rudzi). Uyewo, kune vazhinji (450) zvakasiyana-siyana eshiri - zvapungu, mazizi, hawks. Mugwenga inowanikwa mhuka katsi, nemhara, saiga, musango - nondo, Sable, nondo.

Vamwe vavo, zvinosuruvarisa tinoda kudzivirirwa, sezvo vari akatyisidzirwa kutsakatika. Hurumende Mongolian hanya kuchengetedza huripo mupfumi pavane kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, pane zvakawanda hunhu hwemunhu uye omunyika imomo dzakatangwa.

Interesting chokuita kuMongolia

nyika iyi akasiyana. Saka, zvinoita kunokwezva vashanyi vakawanda vanoda kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro kuMongolia. Pane zvakawanda zviri izvo zvaizobatsira nayo:

• Mongolia, apo okunze zvikuru zvakakwana, nyika ine coldest guru munyika.
• Pakati dzose munyika vari yakadereresa kwevanhu arambe achirema.
• Kana isu kushandura zita guru Ulan Bator pamwe mutauro Mongolian, kuzodzosera okuti "dzvuku gamba".
• Rimwe zita Mongolia - "Munyika rebhuruu."

Havasi vashanyi zvose vanotsvaka munharaunda iyi kuziva chii okunze muMongolia. Asi kunyange munhu hwakadzama kujairirana mamiriro ayo havana kutya vanoda zvekumwe uye dzesango.